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Book - Apollo Correspondence Classes PDF

80 Pages·2013·1.3 MB·English
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Hand Washing Uncovered By Simon Black Apollo Correspondence Classes Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 1 Original work copyright 2013 by Simon Black All rights reserved http://mansfieldfc.com/massage/ [email protected] 866-506-1999 21162 Banff Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92646 To improve the reader experience, this edition is published without footnotes. For other editions, contact [email protected] The material in this book should not be construed as medical advice. Properly qualified professionals should be consulted for the medical ramifications of any particular fact pattern. Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 2 Table of Contents What This Book is About 5 Chapter 1 Review of the Scientific Data Regarding Hand Hygiene 7 Historical Perspective 7 Chapter 2 Normal Bacterial Skin Flora 11 Chapter 3 Transmission of Pathogens on Hands 15 Chapter 4 Definition of Terms 19 Chapter 5 Methods Used to Evaluate the Efficacy of Hand-Hygiene Products 21 Chapter 6 How Hand Washing Products Are Tested 23 Chapter 7 Preparations Used for Hand Hygiene 30 Plain (Non-Antimicrobial) Soap 30 Antimicrobial and Antibacterial Soap 31 Alcohols 31 Chlorhexidine 39 Chloroxylenol (PCMX) 42 Hexachlorophene 43 Iodine and Iodophors 44 Quaternary Ammonium Compounds 47 Triclosan 50 Activity of Antiseptic Agents Against Spore- Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 3 Forming Bacteria 56 Reduced Susceptibility of Bacteria to Antiseptics 56 Chapter 8 Irritant Contact Dermatitis Resulting from Hand-Hygiene Measures 58 Other Factors to Consider When Selecting Hand-Hygiene Products 62 Chapter 9 Efficacy of Promotion and Impact of Improved Hand Hygiene 68 Chapter 10 Recommendations 73 Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 4 What This Book is About This book points out that the “hands of massage therapists may become persistently colonized with pathogenic flora” (bacteria). This happens from even touching a client’s hand or shoulder. For a short look at how many bacteria are on hands, watch this video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xuEowtB7qg. Or for the bacteria on your cell phone: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lmwbBzClAc photo Isn’t that amazing? (These videos can also be accessed from this book’s description on our web site. They are informative but Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 5 watching them is not required to complete this course.) Other bacterial conventions are being held in purses. Purses are a catchall for bacteria laden items such as foods, cell phone, keys etc. Plus they are often placed on bathroom floors and on the ground. Men’s wallets are full of germs too as currency has a high bacteria count. Credit cards are a little cleaner than money but not by much. This book will talk a lot about contagious germs so let me offer you some comfort now. This books it not meant to frighten you. It is designed to empower you to make informed decisions about how best to implement hygiene in your practice. Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 6 Chapter 1 Review of the Scientific Data Regarding Hand Hygiene Historical Perspective For generations, hand washing with soap and water has been considered a measure of personal hygiene. The concept of cleansing hands with an antiseptic agent probably emerged in the early 19th century. As early as 1822, a French pharmacist demonstrated that solutions containing chlorides of lime or soda could eradicate the foul odors associated with human corpses and that such solutions could be used as disinfectants and antiseptics. In a paper published in 1825, that pharmacist stated that physicians and other persons would benefit from moistening their hands with a liquid chloride solution when attending patients with contagious diseases. Awakening: Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis Twenty-one years later, Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis made an observation while working at the General Hospital of Vienna which had two separate birthing clinics. One of the birthing clinics was attended by students Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 7 and physicians and the other clinic attended by midwives. Dr. Semmelweis observed that the death rate among women whose babies were delivered by students and physicians was consistently higher than those whose babies were delivered by midwives. He also noted that physicians who went directly from the autopsy suite to the obstetrics ward had a disagreeable odor on their hands despite having washed their hands with soap and water. He postulated that the puerperal fever that affected so many women was caused by “cadaverous particles” transmitted from the autopsy suite to the obstetrics ward via the hands of students and physicians. As autopsying grew, the death rate for woman birthing in hospitals was as high as 25 percent. Doctors and students were transferring germs from corpses and diseased patients to women during the delivery of their babies. Saving Lives through Hand Hygiene Dr. Semmelweis insisted that students and physicians clean their hands with a chlorine solution between each patient in the clinic. Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 8 The maternal mortality rate in the First Clinic subsequently dropped dramatically and remained low for years. This intervention by Dr. Semmelweis represents the first evidence that cleansing heavily contaminated hands with an antiseptic agent between patient contacts may reduce health-care–associated transmission of contagious diseases more effectively than hand washing with plain soap and water. In 1843, Oliver Wendell Holmes (father of the Supreme Court justice) concluded independently that: puerperal fever was spread by the hands of health personnel. Although he described measures that could be taken to limit its spread, his recommendations had little impact on obstetric practices at the time. However, as a result of the seminal studies by Semmelweis and Holmes, antiseptic hand washing gradually became accepted as one of the most important measures for preventing transmission of pathogens in health-care facilities. What we learned In the early 1800s a French pharmacist published a paper encouraging doctors and other staff to wash their hands in a chloride solution before tending patients. Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 9 Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis said doctors were spreading disease to women in labor because they were going from the autopsy room directly into the labor room and delivering babies. Dr. Semmelweis saved lives by requiring doctors to wash their hands with an antiseptic agent. Incredibly, it would be almost 150 years before Dr. Semmelweis’ concept would be recommended to the medical community as standard practice. Apollo Correspondence Classes http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected] Page 10

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http:apollo123.com, email: [email protected]. Page 1 Chapter 1. Review of the Scientific Data Regarding Hand. Hygiene. 7. Historical . Dr. Semmelweis saved lives by requiring doctors to client, or with an inanimate object that comes into compounds, and triclosan. type of alcohol used, concentra
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