Bipolar Disorders - Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications 2nd ed. - J. Soares, A. Young (Informa, 2007) WW PDF
Preview Bipolar Disorders - Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications 2nd ed. - J. Soares, A. Young (Informa, 2007) WW
BIPOLAR DISORDERS BIPOLAR DISORDERS Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications Second Edition Edited by Jair C. Soares University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Allan H. Young University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 52 Vanderbilt Avenue New York, NY 10017 # 2007 by Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. Informa Healthcare is an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8493-9897-5 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-9897-1 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequence of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any elec- tronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC) 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Bipolar disorders : basic mechanisms and therapeutic implications—2nd ed./edited by Jair C. Soares, Allan H. Young. p. ; cm. -- (Medical psychiatry ; 35) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8493-9897-1 (hardcover : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8493-9897-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Manic-depressive illness. I. Soares, Jair C. II. Young, A. H. (Allan H.) III. Series. [DNLM: 1. Bipolar Disorder--diagnosis. 2. Bipolar Disorder--therapy. W1 ME421SM v.35 2007/ WM 207 B61649 2007] RC516.B5275 2007 616.8905--dc22 2006103138 Visit the Informa Web site at www.informa.com and the Informa Healthcare Web site at www.informahealthcare.com B Preface Since the first edition of our book was published, increasing progress has been seen in the understanding of the basic mechanisms involved in the pathophysiol- ogy of bipolar mood disorders. When our first edition was prepared, there was comparatively little research being conducted on the mechanisms involved in this disorder. Recent years have seen an increasing interest in this field and an increasing amount of activity. Important research initiatives have begun to eluci- date the pathophysiology of this disorder. These research initiatives are beginning to lead to breakthroughs in the understanding of the causation of bipolar mood dis- orders and the development of novel treatments. Some of these new advances have recently translated into newer treatments available for these disorders. Of particular importance is the development of newer tools from neuro- psychopharmacology, which have provided new ways to study various brain systems, including post-receptor and transcriptional mechanisms. Developments in neuroimaging have made possible the in vivo study of brain anatomy, neuro- transmission, and metabolic processes. Important tools from genetics are becoming available and are being applied to further the understanding of mechanisms involved in bipolar disorders. Cognitive neuropsychology has also provided improved tools for the more refined study of brain functions in these disorders. These novel research avenues have provided new dimensions in exploring the bio- logical mechanisms involved. New therapeutic developments have already become available in the past few years. These advances are expected to gradually continue to translate into new approaches for the treatment of bipolar disorder over the next few to several years. The updated findings from this research have not been comprehensively sum- marized in a book focused specifically on the biological underpinnings of bipolar mood disorders. There are some excellent books available on the subject of bipolar disorders, but their focus is primarily on diagnostic issues, course of illness, and treatment. To fill this gap, we are proud to present the second edition of our book, Bipolar Disorders: Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. This volume presents outstanding manuscripts by the leaders in the particular areas of biological research pertinent to bipolar disorders. Among other very important topics, we have included chapters on genetics, neuroimaging, neuropsychology, investigations of post-receptor and transcriptional abnormalities, potential inter- actions between biology and psychosocial factors, childhood onset and late-life bipolar disorder, and several other important topics. A chapter on the implications of these research areas for ongoing therapeutic developments in this field is also included. The potential therapeutic implications of new research, as in the first edition, are emphasized throughout the book. We are very happy to have had the collaboration of some of the leading scien- tists in their respective fields of research, and believe this volume will be a valuable resource for researchers in this field and in related areas. It is presented as a iii complete and accessible reference to the most updated information on the biologi- cal basis and therapeutics of bipolar mood disorders. It should be useful as sup- plemental reading for graduate and postgraduate courses on the neurobiology of mental illness. Mental health practitioners will find it extremely useful as an updated source with the most recent research progress in this field. We hope you will share our excitement with these new developments. Jair C. Soares Allan H. Young iv Preface B Contents Preface . . . . iii Contributors . . . . vii 1. Classification of Bipolar Disorders—Implications for Clinical Research 1 Ralph W. Kupka and Willem A. Nolen 2. Prospects for the Development of Animal Models for the Study of Bipolar Disorder 19 Haim Einat, Alona Shaldubina, Yuly Bersudsky, and R. H. Belmaker 3. Abnormalities in Catecholamines and the Pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorder 33 Amir Garakani, Dennis S. Charney, and Amit Anand 4. Cholinergic-Muscarinic Dysfunction in Mood Disorders 67 David S. Janowsky and David H. Overstreet 5. Serotonergic Dysfunction in Mood Disorders 89 J. John Mann and Dianne Currier 6. Cell Membrane and Signal Transduction Pathways—Implications for the Pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorders 109 Guang Chen and Husseini K. Manji 7. Searching for a Cellular Endophenotype for Bipolar Disorder 131 Francine M. Benes 8. The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis in Bipolar Disorder 145 David J. Bond and Allan H. Young 9. Brain Imaging Studies in Bipolar Disorder 161 E. Serap Monkul, Paolo Brambilla, Fabiano G. Nery, John P. Hatch, and Jair C. Soares 10. Sleep and Biological Rhythms Abnormalities in the Pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorders 189 Stephany Jones and Ruth M. Benca 11. Hypothesis of an Infectious Etiology in Bipolar Disorder 209 Robert H. Yolken and E. Fuller Torrey v
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