Table Of ContentElectrical Engineering Li
Wu
B
Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials
i
o
and Nanodevices
s
e
n
Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials and Nanodevices links s
interdisciplinary research from leading experts to provide graduate o
students, academics, researchers, and industry professionals alike r
s
with a comprehensive source for key advancements and future trends
in nanostructured biosensor development. It describes the concepts, B
principles, materials, device fabrications, functions, system integra- a
tions, and applications of various types of biosensors based on signal s
e
transduction mechanisms, including fluorescence, photonic crystal,
d
surface-enhanced Raman scattering, electrochemistry, electro-
luminescence, field-effect transistor, and magnetic effect. The book: o
n
• Explains how to utilize the unique properties of nanomaterials
N
to construct nanostructured biosensors to achieve enhanced
a
performance
n
• Features examples of biosensors based on both typical and
o
emerging nanomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles, quantum
m
dots, graphene, graphene oxides, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon
a
nanotubes, inorganic nanowires/nanorods, plasmonic nanostruc-
t
tures, and photonic crystals e
• Demonstrates the broad applications of nanostructured biosensors r
i
in environmental monitoring, food safety, industrial quality assur- a
ance, and in vitro and in vivo health diagnosis l
s
• Inspires new ideas for tackling multiscale and multidisciplinary
issues in developing high-performance biosensors for complex a
practical biomedical problems n
d
Biosensors Based
Focusing on the connection between nanomaterials research and N
biosensor development, Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials and
a
Nanodevices illustrates the exciting possibilities and critical chal- n
lenges of biosensors based on nanomaterials and nanodevices for o Nanomaterials
on
future health monitoring, disease diagnosis, therapeutic treatments, d
and beyond. e
v
Nanodevices
i and
c
e
s
K15174
Edited by
Jun Li • Nianqiang Wu
Biosensors Based
Nanomaterials
on
Nanodevices
and
Nanomaterials and Their Applications
Series Editor: M. Meyyappan
Nanorobotics: An Introduction
Lixin Dong and Bradley J. Nelson
Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials and Nanodevices
Jun Li and Nianqiang Wu, Editors
Plasma Processing of Nanomaterials
R. Mohan Sankaran, Editor
Graphene: Synthesis and Applications
Wonbong Choi and Jo-won Lee, Editors
Inorganic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Applications, and Perspectives
Claudia Altavilla, Enrico Ciliberto, Editors
Carbon Nanotubes: Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites
Arvind Agarwal, Srinivasa Rao Bakshi, and Debrupa Lahiri
Inorganic Nanowires: Applications, Properties, and Characterization
M. Meyyappan and Mahendra Sunkara
Biosensors Based
Nanomaterials
on
Nanodevices
and
Edited by
Jun Li • Nianqiang Wu
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
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Version Date: 20130725
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Contents
Editors ............................................................................................................................................vii
Contributors ....................................................................................................................................ix
1. Opportunities and Challenges of Biosensors Based
on Nanomaterials and Nanodevices ...................................................................................1
Jun Li and Nianqiang (Nick) Wu
Section I Optical Biosensors
2. Synthesis and Characterization of Quantum Dots .......................................................11
Haiguang Zhao and Dongling Ma
3. Quantum Dots for Bioimaging ..........................................................................................41
Zoraida P. Aguilar
4. Fluorescent Sensors Based on Energy Transfer and Charge Transfer.......................71
Ming Li and Nianqiang (Nick) Wu
5 Graphene-Based Optical Biosensors and Imaging ........................................................93
Zhiwen Tang, Shijiang He, Hao Pei, Dan Du, Chunhai Fan, and Yuehe Lin
6. Biosensing Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ................................111
Gang Logan Liu, Wenwei Zheng, Pingping Zhang, and Fanqing (Frank) Chen
7. In Vivo Biodetection Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy .....................157
Seunghyun Lee, Ulhas S. Kadam, Ana Paula Craig, and Joseph Irudayaraj
8. Photonic Crystal Biosensors .............................................................................................179
Bashar Hamza, Maurya Srungarapu, Anand Kadiyala, Jeremy Dawson,
and Lawrence Hornak
9. Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors ...................................209
Rongfu Huang and Liang-Hong Guo
Section II Electrical Biosensors
10. Nanocrystalline Diamond Biosensors ...........................................................................243
Prabhu U. Arumugam, Shabnam Siddiqui, Hongjun Zeng, and John A. Carlisle
11. Carbon Nanotube–Based Electrochemical Biosensors ...............................................273
Feng Du, Lin Zhu, and Liming Dai
v
vi Contents
12. Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers for Biointerfacing ........................................295
Ryan Pearce, Timothy E. McKnight, and Anatoli Melechko
13. Graphene-Based Electrochemical Biosensors ...............................................................317
Chun Xian Guo, Shu Rui Ng, and Chang Ming Li
14. Bioelectronics on Graphene ..............................................................................................351
Vikas Berry
15. Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors ...............................................................369
Fumiaki Ishikawa, Xiaoli Wang, Noppadol Aroonyadet, and Chongwu Zhou
Section III Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biosensing
and Cancer Treatment
16. Biosensing and Cancer Treatment with Magnetic Nanoparticles ............................397
Stefan Bossmann, Viktor Chikan, and Raj Kumar Dani
Section IV Biosensors Based on Thermal Properties
17. Solid–Liquid Phase Change Nanoparticles as Thermally
Addressable Biosensors.....................................................................................................433
Chaoming Wang, Yan Hong, Liyuan Ma, and Ming Su
18. Microfluidic and Lab-on-Chip Technologies for Biosensors ....................................443
Yuxin Liu and Xiang Li
Editors
Jun Li earned a PhD in chemistry at Princeton University
in 1995. He then served as a postdoctoral research associate
at Cornell University from 1994 to 1997. He currently serves
as a professor in the Department of Chemistry, Kansas State
University, Manhattan, Kansas.
Dr. Li has been engaged in research on nanosciences and
nanotechnology through his career with Molecular Imaging
Co. (1997–1998), the Institute of Materials Research and
Engineering (Singapore, 1998–2000), NASA Ames Research
Center (2000–2007), and Kansas State University (2007–present).
He has published 120 peer-reviewed papers/book chapters
and is a coinventor of 15 patent applications. His research work in nanotechnology has been
highlighted in over 40 public news reports. He received the first annual Nano50 Award from
NASA Tech Briefs in the Innovator category in 2005. He has also been serving as an associate
editor for IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology since 2007.
Dr. Li’s research interests include integrating nanomaterials, particularly carbon nano-
tubes and semiconductor nanowires, into functional devices including on-chip inter-
connects, thermal interface materials, solar cells, supercapacitors, lithium–ion batteries,
nanoelectrode array–based ultrasensitive biosensors, electrical neural interface, and nano-
dielectrophoretic chips for capture and detection of bacterial or viral particles.
Nianqiang (Nick) Wu currently serves as an associate professor
in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at
West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. He earned
a PhD in materials science and engineering at Zhejiang University,
China, in 1997, and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of
Pittsburgh from 1999 to 2001. Afterward he directed the Keck
Surface Science Center at Northwestern University, Evanston,
Illinois. He then joined WVNano Initiative and the Department of
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at West Virginia University
in 2005. He currently serves as the secretary of the sensor division in
the Electrochemical Society and on the advisory board of Interface,
the home journal of the Electrochemical Society. He has organized several symposia
on biosensors and solar fuels, holds four patents/disclosures, and has published 3 book
chapters and more than 110 journal papers.
Dr. Wu’s research interests include low-dimension nanomaterials, chemical sensors and
biosensors, photocatalysts and photoelectrochemical cells, and electrochemical devices for
energy conversion and storage. He strives to develop nanostructures for sensor applica-
tions, to study the charge transfer, energy transfer, and mass transport at the nanoscale
in sensing materials and devices, and to develop lab-on-chip devices for point-of-care
diagnosis.
vii
Contributors
Zoraida P. Aguilar Ana Paula Craig
Zystein, LLC Department of Agricultural and Biological
Fayetteville, Arkansas Engineering
Purdue University
West Lafayette, Indiana
Noppadol Aroonyadet
Department of Electrical and
Engineering—Electrophysics Federal University of Minas Gerais
University of Southern California Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Los Angeles, California
Liming Dai
Department of Macromolecular Science
Prabhu U. Arumugam
and Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Case Western Reserve University
Louisiana Tech University
Cleveland, Ohio
Ruston, Louisiana
Raj Kumar Dani
Vikas Berry Department of Chemistry
Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University
Kansas State University Manhattan, Kansas
Manhattan, Kansas
Jeremy Dawson
Lane Department of Computer Science and
Stefan Bossmann Electrical Engineering
Department of Chemistry West Virginia University
Kansas State University Morgantown, West Virginia
Manhattan, Kansas
Dan Du
School of Mechanical and Materials
John A. Carlisle
Engineering
Advanced Diamond Technologies, Inc. Washington State University
Romeoville, Illinois Pullman, Washington
Feng Du
Fanqing (Frank) Chen
Department of Macromolecular Science
Division of Life Sciences
and Engineering
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Case Western Reserve University
Berkeley, California
Cleveland, Ohio
Viktor Chikan Chunhai Fan
Department of Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
Kansas State University Chinese Academy of Sciences
Manhattan, Kansas Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
ix
