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BIOELECTRONICS AND MEDICAL DEVICES Applications and Technology BIOELECTRONICS AND MEDICAL DEVICES Applications and Technology Edited by Garima Srivastava, PhD Manju Khari, PhD First edition published 2022 Apple Academic Press Inc. CRC Press 1265 Goldenrod Circle, NE, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Palm Bay, FL 32905 USA Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 USA 4164 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, 2 Park Square, Milton Park, ON, L7L 1A4 Canada Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN UK © 2022 Apple Academic Press, Inc. Apple Academic Press exclusively co-publishes with CRC Press, an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors, and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. 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For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected] Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Bioelectronics and medical devices : applications and technology / edited by Garima Srivastava, PhD, Manju Khari, PhD. Names: Srivastava, Garima, 1976- editor. | Khari, Manju, editor. Description: Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20200360477 | Canadiana (ebook) 20200360531 | ISBN 9781771889230 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781774638088 (softcover) | ISBN 9781003054405 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Medical electronics. | LCSH: Medical instruments and apparatus. Classification: LCC R856 .B56 2021 | DDC 610.28—dc23 Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Names: Srivastava, Garima, 1976- editor. | Khari, Manju, editor. Title: Bioelectronics and medical devices : applications and technology / edited by Garima Srivastava, Manju Khari. Description: First edition. | Palm Bay : Apple Academic Press, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: "Bioelectronics and Medical Devices: Applications and Technology provides an abundance of information on new applications being used today for biomedical applications. The book covers a wide range of concepts and technologies used in biomedical applications, discussing such modern technological methods as the Internet of Things, e-pills, biomedical sensors, support vector machines, wireless devices, image and signal processing in e-health, and machine learning. It also discusses the different types of antennas, including antennas using RF energy harvesting for biomedical applications. This book contains three chapters on the various kinds of antennas used for biomedical applications, which make this book unique as this information is not generally discussed in the field of biomedical engineering. It also includes a discussion on software implementation for the devices used in biomedical applications, of course. Key features: Provides in-depth information on the major topics in real-life biomedical applications. Considers both theoretical as well as experimental approaches Topics include: The Internet of Things for health care and monitoring Antennas for biomedical applications using RF energy harvesting Biomedical sensors Software fault proneness with support vector machine biomedical applications Image and signal processing in e-health applications E-pill for biomedical applications Machine learning implementation in bioinformatics This book will be valuable for undergraduate, postgraduate, and PhD students working in the biomedical application field. It will also be beneficial for scientists and medical professionals who are interested in the latest biomedical technologies being used today"- Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2020046150 (print) | LCCN 2020046151 (ebook) | ISBN 9781771889230 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781774638088 (softcover) | ISBN 9781003054405 (ebook) Subjects: MESH: Electronics, Medical--instrumentation | Equipment and Supplies | Biosensing Techniques- instrumentation | Biomedical Technology--instrumentation Classification: LCC R855.3 (print) | LCC R855.3 (ebook) | NLM QT 26 | DDC 610.285--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020046150 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020046151 ISBN: 978-1-77188-923-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-77463-808-8 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-00305-440-5 (ebk) About the Editors Garima Srivastava, PhD Assistant Professor, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, Government of India National Capital Territory, Delhi, India Garima Srivastava, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, under the Govt. of NCT Delhi, India. She has more than 15 years of teaching experience. Her areas of interest include wireless communication, MIMO technologies, internet of things, microstrip antennas, UWB antennas, and reconfigurable and circular polarized antennas. She has more than 25 published papers in refereed national and international journals published by IEEE, ACM, Springer, Inderscience, and Elsevier), and has presented at many conferences. She has chaired many IEEE conferences and organized different workshops in area of Rf and icrowave. She has also been the technical program committee member of various IEEE international conferences and journals. She also delivers expert talks at various institutions at conferences. She has authored a book chapter on topic smart antennas. She holds her PhD in Electronics and Communication Engineering and a master’s degree in electronics engineering from the University of Allahabad, India. Manju Khari, PhD Assistant Professor, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, under the Government of India National Capital Territory, Delhi, India Manju Khari, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, under the Govern ment of India National Capital Territory, Delhi, India, affiliated with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India. Her research interests are software testing, software quality, software metrics, information security, optimization, and nature-inspired algorithm. She has 70 published papers in refereed national and international journals and conferences, such as IEEE, vi About the Editors ACM, Springer, Inderscience, and Elsevier, and six book chapters with Springer. She is also co-author of two books published by the National Council of Educational Research and Training. She has delivered an expert talk and guest lectures at international conferences and is a member of the technical program committee of an international conference in Hyderabad, India. She is also a life member of several international and national research societies. In addition, she is associated with much international publishers and is a guest editor of the International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms, reviewer for the International Journal of Forensic Engineering, and an editorial board member of the International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering. Dr. Khari holds a PhD in Computer Science and Engineering from the National Institute of Technology Patna, India, and received her master's degree in Information Security from the Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technology and Research, formerly known as Ambedkar Institute of Technology, affiliated with Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India.. Contents Contributors ................................................................................................. ix Abbreviations ............................................................................................... xi Preface .......................................................................................................xiii 1. Internet of Things for Health Care and Health Monitoring ...................1 Deepti Mishra 2. Antennas for Biomedical Applications ....................................................19 Shailesh and Garima Srivastava 3. Biomedical Sensors Using Split Ring Resonators .................................. 57 Sushmita Bhushan and Sanjeev Kumar 4. Evaluation of Software Fault Proneness with a Support Vector Machine and Biomedical Applications .................................................... 77 Renu Dalal, Manju Khari, and Dimple Chandra 5. Antennas for Biomedical Applications Using RF Energy Harvesting .................................................................................. 105 Neeta Singh, Sachin Kumar, and Binod Kumar Kanaujia 6. Image and Signal Processing in E‑Health Applications ...................... 125 Divya Prakash Pattanayak and Surya Prakash Pattanayak 7. Finding the Possibility of a Wireless‑Based e‑Pill for Biomedical Applications ......................................................................... 153 Ajay Sharma and Hanuman Prasad Shukla 8. Compact Monopole Antenna with Circularly Polarized Band for Biomedical Applications ............................................................................. 165 Sachin Kumar, Shobhit Saxena, Garima Srivastava, Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy, Thipparaju Rama Rao, and Binod Kumar Kanaujia 9. Machine Learning Implementations in Bioinformatics and Their Application ........................................................................................ 187 Shikhar Sharma and Manju Khari viii Contents 10. Biomedical Antennas for Medical Telemetry Applications ................. 207 Sarita Ahlawat and Garima Srivastava Index ................................................................................................................. 229 Contributors Sarita Ahlawat Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, Delhi–110031, India, E-mail: [email protected] Sushmita Bhushan Department of ECE, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, Delhi, India, E-mail: [email protected] Dimple Chandra Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering Department, NIET, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, E-mail: [email protected] Renu Dalal Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering Department, AIACT&R, GGSIPU, Delhi, India, E-mail: [email protected] Binod Kumar Kanaujia School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi–110067, India, E-mail: [email protected] Manju Khari Assistant Professor, Computer Science and Engineering Department, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, GGSIPU, Geeta Colony, Delhi–110031, India, E-mail: [email protected] Sachin Kumar School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu–41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai – 603203, India, E-mail: [email protected] Sanjeev Kumar Department of ECE, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, Delhi, India, E-mail: [email protected] Deepti Mishra Associate Professor, G. L. Bajaj Institute of Technology and Management, Greater Noida, India, E-mail: [email protected] Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai–603203, India Divya Prakash Pattanayak MTech Student, Department of Electronics and Communication, Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, New Delhi, India