Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction: In Search of a Common Factor PDF
Preview Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction: In Search of a Common Factor
Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction In Search of a Common Factor Edited by Gwynneth Hemmings Honorary Secretary I The Schizophrenia Association of Great Britain ~ ... /. ~ MTPPRESS LIMITED International Medical Publishers Published by MrP Press Limited Falcon House Lancaster, England Copyright © 1980 MTP Press Limited Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction 1. Schizophrenia - Congresses 2. Drug abuse - Congresses I. Hemmings, Gwynneth H.Schizophrenia Association of Great Britain 616.8'982 RC514 ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8708-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8706-7 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-8706-7 Contents List of Contributors viii Preface xi Foreword xiii List of Abbreviations xiv SECTION 1: PATHOGENESIS 1 The role of a prostagiandin EI deficiency in schizophrenia: interactions with dopamine and opiates: D. F. Horrobin, M. S.Manku,M. OkaandS. C. Cunnane 3 2 The pathogenesis of schizophrenia: T. J. Crow 19 3 Opiates, opioid peptides and their possible relevance to schizo- phrenia: J. F. W. Deakin 39 4 The possible actions of peptides with opioid activity derived from pepsin hydrolysates of wheat gluten and other consti tuents of gluten in the function of the central nervous system: W. A. Kleeand C. Zioudrou 53 5 Preliminary studies of the identification of brain peptides in re lation to the genesis and expression of schizophrenia: H. R. Morris, A. Dell and A. T. Etienne 77 6 The role of the dopamine system in schizophrenia: C. W. Abell 85 SECTION 2: IMMUNOLOGY 7 The relevance of immunopathology to research into schizo- phrenia:A. M. Denman 97 8 Some connections between immunoglobulins and schizo- phrenia: E. Pulkkinen 111 v vi BIOCHEMISTRY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND ADDICTION 9 Antibodies to wheat proteins in schizophrenia: relationship or coincidence?: W. Th. J. M. Hekkens, A. J. M. Schipperijn and D. L. J. Freed 125 10 The effects of hormones on immune responses: J. A. McIntyre and W. Page Faulk 135 11 Binding of chlorpromazine and HLA-A1 antibodies to human lymphocyte membranes: M. Donner and J. N. Mehrishi 153 12 The possible role of a prostagiandin E deficiency in the j immunologieal abnormalities seen in schizophrenia: D. F. Horrobin 165 13 Immunologieal reaction of psychotic patients to fractions of gluten: A. Ashkenazi, D. Krasilowsky, S. Levin, D. Idar, M. Kalian, A. Or, Y. Ginat and B. Halperin 169 SECTION 3: ADDICTION 14 ß-endorphin and endoloxone: messengers of the autonomie nervous system for the conservation or expenditure of bodily resources and energy in anticipation of famine or feast: D. L. Margules 179 15 The pharmacology of tobacco smoking in relation to schizo- phrenia: G. H. Hall 199 16 Alcoholism and schizophrenia: abasie science approach: J. M. Littleton 209 17 Opiate dependence and tolerance: a pharmacological analysis: D. L. Francis 227 SECTION 4: PUERPERAL PSYCHOSES 18 Puerperal schizophrenia?: I. F. Brockington, E.Schofield and K. Gregory 267 SECTION 5: ENZYMOLOGY 19 The digestion and absorption of dietary protein: J. F. Woodley, E. E. Sterchi, J. F. Bridges, T. Forsyth, L. Faulkner, J. Lucy and A. Makin 277 CONTENTS vii SECTION 6: PHYSIOLOGY 20 Correlation between behavioural responses and cardiovascu lar changes and the central nervous mechanisms responsible forthem: S. M. Hilton 289 SECTION 7: MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY 21 Schizophrenia and physical disease: a preliminary analysis of data from the Oxford Record Linkage Study: J. A. Baldwin 297 SECTION 8: DRUG TREATMENTS 22 Depot neuroleptics and tardive dyskinesia: prospective study: A. C. Gibson 321 23 Recent developments in the drug treatment of schizophrenia: B. Costall and R. J. Naylor 337 Index 337 List of Contributors C.W.ABELL S. C. CUNNANE Department of Human Biological P.O. Box 10 Chemistry and Genetics Nun's Island, Montreal H3E 1J8 Division of Biochemistry Canada The University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Texas 77550, USA J. F. W. DEAKIN Departments of Neurophysiology A. ASHKENAZI and Neuropharmacology Department of Pediatrics A National Institute for Medical Research and Pediatric Research Laboratory Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom Kaplan Hospital Rehovot, Israel A.DELL Department of Biochemistry J. A. BALDWIN Imperial College Unit of Clinical Epidemiology London SW7, United Kingdom University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom A.M.DENMAN Division of Immunology Clinical Research Centre and J. F. BRIDGES Northwick Park Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Harrow HA13UJ, United Kingdom University of Manchester Manchester, United Kingdom M.DONNER Research Unit of Experimental I. F. BROCKINGTON Cancerology and Radiobiology (U.95) Department of Psychiatry I.N.S.E.R.M. University Hospital of South Manchester Plateau de Brabois Manchester, United Kingdom 54500 Vandoeuvre-Ies-Nancy, France B.COSTALL A. T. ETIENNE Postgraduate School of Studies in Department of Biochemistry Pharmacology Imperial College University of Bradford London SW7, United Kingdom Bradford, United Kingdom W.P.FAULK T.J.CROW Blond McIndoe Centre for Transplantation Division of Psychiatry Biology Clinical Research Centre Queen Victoria Hospital Harrow HA13UJ, United Kingdom East Grinstead, United Kingdom vüi ix LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS L.FAULKNER S.M.HILTON Department of Biological Sciences Department of Physiology University of Keele The Medieal School Keele, United Kingdom University of Birmingham Birmingham, Uni ted Kingdom T.FORSYTH Department of Biologieal Seien ces D. F. HORROBIN University of Keele P.O. Box 10 Keele, United Kingdom Nun's Island, Montreal H3E 1J8 Canada D. L. FRANCIS Research Department D.IDAR Miles Laboratories Ud. Pediatrie Research Laboratory Stoke Poges, Slough SL2 4L Y Kaplan Hospital Uni ted Kingdom Rehovot, Israel D.L.FREED M.KALIAN Departments of Bacteriology and Virology Department of Psychiatry D University of Manchester Medieal School Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital Manchester, United Kingdom Jerusalem, Israel A.C.GIBSON W. A. KLEE Department of Psychiatry Laboratory of General and Comparative St Ann's Hospital Biochemistry Canford Cliffs, Poole, United Kingdom National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda, Maryland 20014, USA Y.GINAT D. KRASILOWSKY Department of Psychiatry H Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital Jerusalem, Israel Jerusalem, Israel S.LEVIN K.GREGORY Department of Pediatrics A and Pediatric Department of Psychiatry Research Laboratory University Hospital of South Manchester Kaplan Hospital Manchester, United Kingdom Rehovot, Israel G.H.HALL J. M. LITTLETON Department of Pharmacology Department of Pharmacology SchoolofPharmacy King' s College Sunderland Polytechnie London, United Kingdom Sunderland SR13SD, United Kingdom J.LUCY B.HALPERIN Department of Biological Sciences Department of Psychiatry D University of Keele Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital Keele, United Kingdom Jerusalem, Israel J. A. MCINTYRE W. Th. J. M. HEKKENS Blond McIndoe Centre for Transplantation Department of Gastroenterology Biology University Hospital Queen Vietoria Hospital Leiden, The Netherlands East Grinstead, United Kingdom X BIOCHEMIsTRY OF SCHIZOPHREN IA AND ADDICTION A. MAKIN A.OR Department of Biological Sciences Pediatric Research Laboratory University of Keele Kaplan Hospital Keele, United Kingdom Rehovot, Israel M.S.MANKU E. PULKKINEN P.O. Box 10 Kellokoski Hospital Nun's Island, Montreal H3E 1J8 04500 Kellokoski, Finland Canada D. L. MARGULES A. J. M. SCHIPPERIJN Department of Psychology Department of Internal Medicine Temple University Psychiatrie Clinic "Saneta Maria" Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands J. N. MEHRISHI E. SCHOFIELD Department of Medicine Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge University Hospital of South Manchester Addenbrooke' s Hospital Manchester, United Kingdom Cambridge CB2 2QQ, Uni ted Kingdom H.R.MORRIS E. E. STERCHI Department of Biochemistry Abteilung für Gastroenterologie Imperial College Universitäts-Kinderklinik London SW7, Uni ted Kingdom Bern, Switzerland R.J.NAYLOR Postgraduate School of Studies in J. F. WOODLEY Pharmacology Department of Biological Sciences University of Bradford University of Keele Bradford, United Kingdom Keele, United Kingdom M.OKA C.ZIOUDROU P.O. Box 10 Department of Biology Nun' s Island, Montreal H3E 1J8 Nuclear Research Center "Democritos" Canada Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece Preface The main theme of this book concems the relationship, if any, between schizophrenia and addietion. Are they linked biochemieally? Is there a common factor for all addietions? We need to know whether the chemis try of addiction can help clarify the biochemistry of schizophrenia and vice versa. There is much anecdotal evidence that many sufferers from schizophrenia are addieted to smoking, are adversely affected by even small amounts of alcohol and do have their schizophrenie illness wor sened by street drugs. We would urge our readers to try to find correla tions between some of the findings described here on the biology of schizophrenia and what they read in the up-to-date chapters on addie tions. We would like to thank all the authors for the excellence of their work and for their cooperation and understanding of our needs and also, for the second time this year, to thank MTP Press for their willingness to pub lish a perhaps somewhat provocative book. We thank them for their humanity. Gwynneth Hemmings TyrTwr Llanfair Hall Caernarvon Gwynedd Wales xi
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