Biochar: Production, Characterization, and Applications PDF
Preview Biochar: Production, Characterization, and Applications
B iochar Agricultural Science and Environmental Sciences O k • Encompassing high priority research areas such as bioenergy production, U global warming mitigation, and sustainable agriculture, biochar has received c h increased worldwide interest in the past decade. i m i y Production, Characterization, a Biochar: Production, Characterization, and Applications covers the fun- • damentals of biochar including its concept, production technology, and char- and Applications C h acterization. The book builds on this foundation by providing examples of a n state-of-the-art biochar application technology in agronomy and environmen- g tal sciences, along with detailed case studies. • B o Edited by a group of well-known biochar experts and including chapters l a n written by international experts in their field, this valuable resource can be used both as a textbook for graduate courses or as a handbook for policy makers and practitioners in the field. B Urbanization, Industrialization and the Environment Series This book series addresses current critical environmental issues resulting i from rapid urbanization and industrialization, particularly in the developing o world. Modern technologies and industrial chemicals have given rise to unique problems of ecosystem degradation pollution, deprivation and disease. c The volumes in the series will present case studies from different parts of the world, with the aim of stimulating discussion and ensuring policy makers are h aware of the current state of play. a Edited by Yong Sik Ok • S ophie M. Uchimiya r Scott X. Chang • Nanthi Bolan K23384 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 ISBN: 978-1-4822-4229-4 711 Third Avenue 90000 New York, NY 10017 an informa business 2 Park Square, Milton Park www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK 9 781482 242294 Urbanization, Industrialization and the Environment Series w w w. c r c p r e s s . c o m K23384 mech rev3.indd 1 8/3/15 1:05 PM B iochar Production, Characterization, and Applications K23384_Book.indb 1 04/08/15 11:05 am Urbanization, Industrialization, and the Environment Series Editor Ming Hung Wong Biochar: Production, Characterization, and Applications, edited by Yong Sik Ok, Sophie M. Uchimiya, Scott X. Chang, Nanthi Bolan K23384_Book.indb 2 04/08/15 11:05 am Urbanization, Industrialization, and the Environment B iochar Series Editor Ming Hung Wong Biochar: Production, Characterization, and Applications, edited by Yong Sik Ok, Sophie M. Uchimiya, Scott X. Chang, Nanthi Bolan Production, Characterization, and Applications Edited by Yong Sik Ok • Sophie M. Uchimiya Scott X. Chang • Nanthi Bolan K23384_Book.indb 3 04/08/15 11:05 am CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20150724 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-4230-0 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Preface ...................................................................................ix Editors ....................................................................................xi Contributors ........................................................................xv SECTION I General Overview Chapter 1: Definitions and Fundamentals of Biochar ....3 Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha, Dinesh Mohan, Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana, Sang Soo Lee, and Yong Sik Ok Chapter 2: Biochar: State of the Art ................................17 Prasanna Kumarathilaka, Sonia Mayakaduwa, Indika Herath, and Meththika Vithanage SECTION II Biochar Production and Characterization Chapter 3: Biochar Production Technology: An Overview ........................................................................45 Sophie M. Uchimiya Chapter 4: Chemical, Physical, and Surface Characterization of Biochar ............................................67 Fungai N.D. Mukome and Sanjai J. Parikh SECTION III Environmental Applications Chapter 5: Biochar for Inorganic Contaminant Management in Soil ...........................................................99 Ramya Thangarajan, Nanthi Bolan, Sanchita Mandal, Anitha Kunhikrishnan, Girish Choppala, Rajasekar Karunanithi, and Fangjie Qi v K23384_Book.indb 5 04/08/15 11:05 am vi Contents Chapter 6: Biochar for Organic Contaminant Management in Soil .........................................................139 Xiaokai Zhang, Kim McGrouther, Lizhi He, Huagang Huang, Kouping Lu, and Hailong Wang Chapter 7: Biochar for Inorganic Contaminant Management in Waste and Wastewater ........................167 Anitha Kunhikrishnan, Irshad Bibi, Nanthi Bolan, Balaji Seshadri, Girish Choppala, Nabeel Khan Niazi, Won-Il Kim, and Yong Sik Ok Chapter 8: Biochar for Organic Contaminant Management in Water and Wastewater .......................221 Ming Zhang and Li Lu SECTION IV Agronomic Applications and Climate Change Mitigation Chapter 9: Biochar Effects on Soil Fertility and Nutrient Cycling ...............................................................245 Yanjiang Cai and Scott X. Chang Chapter 10: Biochar Substrate for Hydroponic Vegetable Production.......................................................273 Ataullah Khan, Nick Savidov, John Zhang, Jian Yang, Tim Anderson, Don Harfield, and Anthony O. Anyia Chapter 11: Effects of Straw-Derived Biochar on Rice Paddy .........................................................................293 Da Dong, Weixiang Wu, and Ting Zhong Chapter 12: Biochar Effects on Soil Organic Carbon Storage .................................................................327 Hongjie Zhang, R. Paul Voroney, and Gordon W. Price Chapter 13: Biochar Effects on Greenhouse Gas Emissions ............................................................................359 Pranoy Pal K23384_Book.indb 6 04/08/15 11:05 am Contents vii SECTION V Future Prospects Chapter 14: Emerging Applications of Biochar .........389 Daniel C.W. Tsang, Jingzi Beiyuan, and Mei Deng Index ....................................................................................407 K23384_Book.indb 7 04/08/15 11:05 am K23384_Book.indb 8 04/08/15 11:05 am Preface Biochar is receiving worldwide interest because of its potential beneficial applications in bioenergy production, global warming mitigation, and sustainable agriculture. Unfortunately, many of the published biochar books are not suitable for use as text- books in undergraduate and graduate courses. To help meet this need, this book provides the fundamentals of biochar, such as its concept, production technology, and characterization methods, with comprehensive examples for readers. Building on these fundamentals, this book provides examples of state-of-the-art biochar application technology in agronomy and environmental sciences, with detailed case studies. This book is designed as a textbook for graduate courses and as a handbook for practitio- ners and policy makers. Biochar: Production, Characterization, and Applications is written by internationally renowned scien- tists with different backgrounds. ix K23384_Book.indb 9 04/08/15 11:05 am
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