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BweI rwm isMG Inventor And Master Of Sikh Architecture . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . BweI rwm isMG dunIAW dw mhwn AwrkItYkt 1 Agsq 1858 ƒ btwlw nyVly Coty ijhy ipMf rsUlpur ivKy imsqrI Awsw isMG dy Gr pYdw hoey rwm isMG bwry iksy ny soicAw vI nhIN hoxw ik iehI rwm isMg v~fw ho ky eynw v~fw AwrkItYkt bxygw ik dunIAW Br dy lok ausdIAW ifzwien kIqIAW iemwrqW ƒ KVH-KVH ky dyKxgy[ byS~k AwrkItYkt BweI rwm isMG ƒ ausdy Awpxy ielwky Aqy kOm dy lok ivswr gey hox pr aus srdwr dI klw dw lohw dunIAW A~j vI mMndI hY[ BweI rwm isMG ƒ jykr 19vIN sdI dw pRq~K ‘ivSvkrmw’ kih leIey qW koeI A~q-kQnI nhIN hovygI[ AsIN cVHdy pMjwb dy vsnIk Aqy smUh Bwrq dy lok AMimRqsr siQq Kwlsw kwlj dI iemwrq ƒ AwpxI A~KIN dyK ky AS-AS kr au~Tdy hW[ pr ies KUbsUrq iemwrq ƒ ifzwien iks ny kIqw sI aus mhwn hsqI bwry bhuiqAW ƒ nhIN pqw[ Kwlsw kwlj dI KUbsUrq iemwrq dw nkSw ipMf rsUlpur dy jMmpl BweI rwm isMG ny iqAwr kIqw sI[ BweI rwm isMG ny ies qoN ielwvw hor vI keI iemwrqW dy nkSy . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . iqAwr kIqy jo swrIAW hI ivrwsqI iemwrqW dw drjw hwsl kr cu~kIAW hn[ BweI rwm isMG ny sRI hirmMdr swihb AMimRqsr dI mwrbl ifjwieMg Aqy vUf krivMg, ieMglYNf dI mhwrwxI ivktorIAw dy pYlys dI ieMtIrIAr ifzwieinMg, sYnyt hwaUs lwhOr dI iemwrq, gurduAwrw sRI swrwgVHI AMimRqsr, AYgrIklcr kwlj lwielpur, AwrtISn kwlj lwhOr, drbwr hwl kpUrQlw, ieMpIrIAl kort pMjwb SoA kyS, lwhOr borifMg hwaUs (iekbwl hwaUs) srkwrI kwlj, cMbw hwaUs lwhOr, milk aumr ihAwq dI irhwies kwlrw Astyt Awid ivSv pRis~D iemwrqW dy nkSy iqAwr krn dy nwl lwjvwb ieMtIrIAr ifjwieinMg dw kMm kIqw[ ivSv pRis~D AwrkItYkt BweI rwm isMG rwmgVHIAw pirvwr nwl sbMD r~Kdy sn Aqy aunHW dy ipqw s. Awsw isMG qrKwxw kMm krdy sn[ s. Awsw isMG ipMf rsUlpur C~f ky AMimRqsr cIl mMfI iv~c dukwn ^rId ky kwrobwr krn l~g pey[ AMimRqsr dy imSn skUl iv~coN BweI rwm isMG ny 10vIN q~k dI pVHweI kIqI Aqy nwl hI Awpxy ipqw nwl h~Q vtwaux l~g pey[ lwhOr Awrt skUl dw ie~k tIcr, hwrvy, AMimRqsr AwauNdw jWdw rihMdw sI[ BweI rwm isMG dy AiDAwpkW ny . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . ausƒ b~cy dI qIKx bu~D dI d~s peI[ ifptI kimSnr ny aus kol ies g~l dI qweId kIqI[ jnvrI 1874 iv~c auh rwm isMG ƒ lwhOr lY igAw Aqy EQy dy Awrt skUl iv~c dwKl ho igAw[ pihlW skUl dw nwm lwhOr skUl AwP kwrpYNtrI sI qy klwsW fI.pI.AweI. d&qr dy vrWfy iv~c lgdIAW sn, skUl dI iemwrq Ajy bxnI sI[ srkwr ies skUl ƒ pYsw nhIN idMdI sI[ mwstr Apxy ividAwrQIAW qoN lokW dy kMm krvwaux, jo pYsw Awvy, Krcw k~Fx[ ieh skUl mwstrW ƒ qnKwhW dyx jogw vI nhIN sI[ Aw^r 1875 iv~c myE skUl sQwipq hoieAw ijs iv~c ku~l vIh ividAwrQI dwKl hoey[ bMgwl bYNk ip~Cy AnwrklI bwzwr iv~c ie~k iemwrq ikrwey qy lY leI[ gory AiDAwpkW nwl AMgryzI iv~c g~lW krnIAW rwm isMG bwkIAW qoN pihlW is~K igAw[ pihlI swlwnw skUl irport iv~c myE skUl dy ipRM. ikpilMg ny iliKAw sMgmrmr qRwSx vwly iSlpI dw bytw muhMmd dIn, kwrpYNtrI skUl dw rwm isMG, Syr muhMmd luhwr Aqy AYfivn holfn hoxhwr ividAwrQI hn pr rwm isMG iksy v~fy ieMjInIAr dw shwiek l~g ky au~cIAW mMzlW Cuhygw[ kwrpYNtr nhIN rhygw, iemwrqswz bxygw[ auh prwxIAW lIhW C~f ky nvW rsqw . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . qlwSx dy smr~Q hY[ Biv~K iv~c ipMsIpl ikplMg dI ieh Biv~K bwxI iblku~l s~c swbq hoeI[ AMimRqsr dy ifptI kimSnr dI mym swihbw dw ipAwno ^rwb ho igAw[ iesdI murMmq Aqy pwilS krn leI Awm imsqrI ƒ QoVHw s~dxw sI? Bwl SurU hoeI, d~isAw igAw ik izlHy iv~c 16 swl dI aumr dy rwm isMG qoN vD ky koeI kwrIgr nhIN[ rwm isMG ny kMm isry cwVH ky SwbwS leI[ ieh kMm rwm isMG ny skUl iv~coN nhIN, ipqw pwsoN is~iKAw sI[ Cy swl dI tRyinMg pUrI hoeI, rwm isMG ƒ ie~k ApRYl 1883 dy idn AisstYNt mwstr vjoN iesy skUl iv~c nOkrI id~qI geI[ rwm isMG dy muFly idn bVy s^q sn, kyvl klws rUm iv~c pVHwauxw nhIN, srkwr dy p~qr AwauNdy hI rihMdy, ieh iemwrq bxwauxI hY, iPr auh iemwrq bxwauxI hY[ kyvl nkSw nhIN bxwauxw, bxdI iemwrq dI ingrwnI vI krnI hY[ QW QW numwieSW lgdIAW, aunHW dw pRbMDk rwm isMG[ rwjy, vjIr, DnI syT AwpxIAW hvylIAW leI nkSy bxvwaux AwauNdy[ rwm isMG bVI imhnq qy lgn nwl ieh sB kMm krn l~gw[ . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . ieMglYNf dI mhwrwxI ivktorIAw BwrqI klw qoN bhuq muqwsr sI[ auh Asbrn ivKy Awpxw srdIAW dw mihl BwrqI klw Anuswr iqAwr krwauxw cwhuMdI sI[ milkw ƒ BweI rwm isMG dI muhwrq dw pqw l~g cu~kw sI pr iPr vI aus socdI sI ik Swied Bwrq iv~c rwm isMG qoN vDIAw vI ifzwienr hox[ milkw ny ikhw ik ies kMm leI ieSiqhwr jwrI kIqw jwvy Aqy nwl hI tYNfr vI mMgy jwx[ Ajy ieh kwrvweI c~l hI rhI sI ik aunIN idnI sMn 1890 iv~c myE skUl dy ipRM. ikpilMg ieMglYNf iv~c hI sn[ ie~k idn aunHW ny mhwrwxI ivktorIAw nwl mulwkwq kIqI qW milkw ny ikpilMg nwl Awpxy mihl ƒ BwrqI klw Anuswr bxwaux dI ie~Cw zwhr kIqI[ ikpilMg ny ikhw ik BweI rwm isMG qoN vDIAw hor koeI kMm nhIN kr skdw[ milkw mMn geI[ rwm isMG v~loN SrqW ikpilMg ny qYA kIqIAW, sO pONf sPr Krc, pMj pONf h&qw qnKwh, mihl nyVy mu&q irhwieS[ Kwxw ^ud bxw leygw ikauNik hlwl Aqy qmwkU dw prhyzgwr hY, mr jweygw ieh do vsqW CUhygw vI nhIN[ BweI rwm isMG ƒ skUl iv~coN ie~k mhIny dI Cu~tI id~qI geI qW ik au~QoN dy kwrIgwrW ƒ nkSy smJw ky kMm dI rUp ryKw iqAwr krvwky prq Awey[ bMbeI qoN smuMdrI jhwz rwhIN pYirs gey, pYirs qoN tryn PVky lMfn[ lYx vwsqy rylvy . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . stySn ikpilMg pu~ijAw[ kuJ idn ipRMsIpl ny Awpxy Gr r~iKAw[ iPr Asbrn pu~j gey ij~Qy milkw aufIk rhI sI[ BweI rwm isMG dw swrw Krc mihl Adw kry[ jYksn AYNf sMz kMpnI ƒ Tykw id~qw igAw[ mhIny bwAd vwps Awauxw cwihAw qW kMpnI dy kwrIgr kihx l~gy, rwm isMG dI ZYr hwzrI iv~c kMm nhIN ho skdw[ ie~Qy rihxw peygw[ Cy mhIinAW dI Cu~tI hor lY leI[ Cy mhIny bIq gey[ kMm dI sUKmqw dw sB ƒ iPkr sI qy rwm isMG pRwjYkt dI jwn sn[ fyF swl hor l~g igAw[ mwrc 31, 1893 ƒ smwpqI hoeI, svw do swl[ 60 bweI 30 Pu~t Awkwr dw drbwr hwl 20 Pu~t au~cw sI[ jYksn kMpnI ny Awpxw stUfIE rwm isMG vwsqy mihl iv~c lY AWdw[ kMpnI ƒ 2250 pONf lybr dw Krcw dyxw kIqw sI jo rwm isMG dIAW loVW muqwbk vDwxw ipAw[ PYslw hoieAw ik Pwierplys dI icmnI pYl pwauNdy mor qoN SurU krky au~pr v~l vDy[ l~kV dw mor bxwaux vwsqy BweI rwm isMG dy 500 GMty Krc hoey[ drbwr hwl iqAwr ho igAw[ Ajy ikhVw kMm mu~k igAw? BwrqI PrnIcr hor kOx iqAwr kry? ies vwsqy vI rwm isMG cwhIdw sI[ lMmw fwieinMg tybl Aqy 36 kursIAW iqAwr krnIAW sn, bYTx leI kMDW dy nwl- nwl kursIAW, soPy, sweIf tybl[ . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . rwm isMG dy h~QW rwhIN BwrqI hunr Xorp iv~c phuMc igAw[ ijs pwsy drSk dIAW ingwhW jWdIAW, auQy hI jm jWdIAW[ jdoN drbwr hwl dw kMm mukMml hoieAw qW mhwrwxI ivktorIAw Aqy SihjwdI lUeI ies dI Swn dyK ky eynIAW KuS hoeIAW ik aunHW ny siqkwr vjoN BweI rwm isMG dy h~Q cuMm ley[ BweI rwm isMG dI klw qoN KuS ho ky kueIn ivktorIAw ny dsqKq krky AwpxI Poto Aqy ie~k sony dw pYnsl kys qohPy vjoN BweI rwm isMG ƒ id~qw[ kueIn ivktorIAw ny Awpxy drbwrI klwkwr, AwstRIAw, rudolP svobofw ƒ BweI rwm isMG dI qsvIr ƒ ic~qirq krn leI ikhw, ijsny s. rwm isMG dw ie~k ic~qr bxwieAw jo A~j vI aus drbwr hwl iv~c l~gw hoieAw hY[ ie~k vwr pMjwb dy gvrn ny BweI rwm isMG ƒ klw dw ie~k au~qm nmUnw iqAwr krn leI ikhw[ BweI rwm isMG ny ‘qKq-ey-qwaUs’ dw inrmwx kIqw ijsdy 6 ih~sy sn[ gvrnr ny klw dw ieh nmUnw kueIn ivktorIAw kol ieMglYNf ByijAw pr EQy koeI vI ienHW 6 BwgW ƒ iP~t nw kr sikAw[ AKIr BweI rwm isMG Kud ieMglYNf jw ky ‘qKq-ey-qwaUs’ dy . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] . 6 BwgW ƒ Awps iv~c joV ky Awey[ ies qoN ielwvw BweI rwm isMG ny lyK dy SurU iv~c d~sIAW mhwn ivrwsqI iemwrqW dI isrjxw vI kIqI[ 1886 iv~c ieMfo kolonIAl numwieS lMfn iv~c, 1888 glwsgo iv~c, 1889 bMby iv~c Awrt AYgzIbISnz l~gIAW ij~Qy Bwrq dI numwieMdgI BweI rwm isMG ny kIqI[ auh hr QW 250 Pu~t dw l~kV dw prdw iljWdy ijs au~pr ausnHW ^ud KuxweI kIqI hoeI sI, Pu~l bUitAW dy bwg iv~c pSU pMCI, pYlW pwauNdy mor aukr hoey sn[ id~lI Awrt AYgzIbISn 1903 iv~c hoieAw, BweI rwm isMG dIAW l~kV iv~c KuxIAW vsqW ds hzwr rupey dIAW ivkIAW[ twhlI dI l~kV au~pr KuxweI kIqw borf pMj rupey ƒ ivikAw qy aunHW islvr mYfl ij~iqAw[ AYfvrf A~TvyN dI qwjpoSI dy jSn mnwaux leI 1905 iv~c id~lI drbwr hoxw qYA hoieAw[ ies iv~c l~gx vwlI numwieS dw pRbMD BweI rwm isMG ƒ sONipAw jo ausny bwKUbI inBwieAw[ BweI rwm isMG ƒ 25 sqMbr 1910 ƒ ipRMsIpl inXukq kIqw igAw sI Aqy 38 swlW leI myXo skUl Aw& Awrts ivKy rihx qoN bwAd AkqUbr 1913 ivc syvw qoN syvw mukq ho gey[ ieh vrxnXog hY ik iek is~K, ijsdI koeI rsmI . Sri Satguru Jagjit Singh Ji eLibrary [email protected] .