Belt Conveyors in Modern Mine Mechanization

182 Pages·012.307 MB·English

by  Bernstein, M. John

BELT CONVEYORS
IN
MODERN MINE MECHANIZATION
LIBRARY
COLORADO SCHOOL OF
GOLDEN,COLORADO
by
II* John Bernstein
ProQuest Number: 10781414
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty and the Board
of Trustees of the Colorado School of Hines in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Master of Mining Engineering
'
r_.l
t-'
Signed:
Golden, Colorado
Date: °'Vv^ A 4~ 1950
Approved: <***=»+-
Clifton If* Livingston v
Golden, Colorado
Date: * 1950
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction • • • • « • » • * ..................
* *
The Impact of Mechanisation Upon the Mineral ‘
Industry • • • « • • • • • • • « * • • • • • • 5
The Paint Beginnings of Mechanization • • • • • 5
The Necessity for Mechanization • * • • « • • • 7
The Cost Aspect in Mine Mechanization • * » • • 16
The Prerequisites for Successful Mine
Mechanization • • • • « • • « * • • • • • • • • 19
Evolution of Belt Conveyor Transportation « • « • • 25
*
The Practicability of Belt Conveyors • • • • • • • • 3&
The Belt Conveyor Structure « • * « • • • • • • • • 55
Components of the Conveyor Structure • . ♦ • • 56
Mining Belt Conveyors Classified by
Design Features • • • « • • « • • • • • • * • • 65
Slngle^pulley drive conveyor • • • * • • • 66
Snub-drive conveyor • • • • « • • • • • • 68
Tandem-drlve conveyor • • • • • • « • • • 68
Dual-*drive conveyor • • • • • « • • • • • 70
Mining Belt Conveyors Classified by
Operational Use ......... * .......... 71
Mining Belt Conveyor Control • • • • • • • * • 75
A Portfolio of Conveyor Structure Components • 78
Page
Elements in Conveyor Belting • • • • • • • » # • • 86
Duck and Cord Belting • • • » • • • ♦ • • # 87
Steel Wire Cable Belting................ 92
Mine Belt Horsepower Requirements 96
Conveyor Belt Tensions • • • * » < • • • • • • 100
Mine Belt Speeds # • • # • • « • • • * • • • 103
Mine Belt Capacities • * • • • • « • • • • # 10l|.
Long Center «*- Fixed Length Mine Conveyors • • « • 108
Single Belt Flight Speed • • • # • » • # • • ^ 110
Single Belt Flight Horsepower • • # « • * # • 111 %
Transfer Stations • • • • • # # # # • • • • 112
A Portfolio of Long Center Installations • • lllf.
Steel Belt Conveyors • • • • # • • • # « • • * * ♦ 117
Sandvlk Stainless Steel Belt Conveyor • # • 118
Steel Belt Conveyor Pictorial Section « • • • 122
Case Studies of Mining Belt Conveyors • # • • # # 123
The D# 0* Clark Coal Mine, Superior*.
Wyoming# # • » • • # # • • • • • « • • * # # 123
The Climax Molybdenum Mine* Climax,
Colorado# • • • • • • • • • * * • • • • • * # 128
Conclusions • * • • « • • • • • « • • • • • • • # 138
Bibliography # # # # • * • • • « • » • • # • • • # 1I4.O
ILLUSTRATIONS
Frontispiece - A 36-In*-wide conveyor belt in operation at
a gold mine in Canada* The belt is carrying
mine-run gold ore from the mine ore bin to
a vibrating feeder and a picking belt.
Figure Page
1 Tower excavators and shaft cross-section
at Spruce Pit mine • • • • • • • Follows 31
2 Operational profile of belt system at
Spruce Pit mine * * • • « • • • Facing 32
3 Standard track haulage panel at Potash
mine • • * • * • « « • • • * • Follows 37
k Belt conveyor panel at Potash mine
• • • • • * * » • • • • • Facing 38
5 Gravity and horizontal take-ups • • • • • 60
6 Single pulley drive • * . • • * • • « * 67
7 Pneumatic pressure pulley drive • • • • * 68
8 Snub pulley drive . • * . « • * * • * • 68
9 Tandem pulley drive (1st Method) * . • • 69
10 Tandem pulley drive (2nd Method) • • • • 70
11 Dual pulley drive ............. * * . 71
12 Methods used for driving mining belt
conveyors • • • • • * . • . * • Follows 71
13 Sectional mine belt conveyor for coal
and metal mine use * • • • * • • Follows 82
Uj. Tandem drive mining belt conveyor for
ore gathering * • • * • • « • • . Follows 82
Figure Page
15 Snub drive mining belt conveyor top
slicing operation • • • • • • • • Follows 82
16 Mining belt conveyor for block cav­
ing operations • • • • • • • * • Follows 82
17 Tandem drive with balata-lagged
drive pulleys • • • • « • • • • Follows 82
18 Light coal-mine-type conveyor • • Follows 82
19 An intermediate section conveyor Follows 82
20 Intermediate section, showing Idler
design and location of middle
roller • * • * • • • • • • • • « Follows 82
21 Design features of mining belt conveyor
for undulating bottoms • • • « • Follows 82
22 Mine belt conveyor features for an
undulating bottom * » • • • • • • Follows 82
23 Short loading-station for a mining
belt conveyor ♦ • * • • • • • • Follows 82
2k Slidlng-type tail pulley • • . • Follows 82
25 Sliding tail end on side channel
framing • • • • • • • • • • • « • Follows 82
26 Mine belt conveyor with a boom dis­
charge conveyor • • • « • • • • Follows 82
27 Boom discharge conveyor • # • • * Follows 82
28 A roller switch • • • • • • • * Follows 82
29 Sectional view of mine belt
idler • • • • » • • • • • • • • Follows 82
30 Mine belt conveyor idler unit • Follows 82
31 A low mounted, cantilever-type
carrier • • * • • • • • • • • « Follows 82
32 A rubber covered spiral return
idler * • • • # • • • • • • • • Follows 82
33 A pneumatic-tire impact idler
unit • * * » « • • • » • • • » Follows 82
pag«
Spacing of impact idler at loading
station • * • • • • • * • • • • Follows 82
Gravity and horizontal type
take-up • • • * * • • • • • # Follows 82
A type of stacker conveyor • • Follows 82
Typical mine belt cross
sections • * • • * * « • • • • Follows 91
Hawkins belt conveyor installa­
tion • • • * « • • • • « * • * Follows 92
Profile of Hawkins belt conveyor Faces 93
Operational profile of Weirton mine
belt conveyor • » * • • • • * Follows 93
Basic belt tensions * • • • • • • • • • 100
Cross sectional loading « • • * . • • • • • 103
Conveyor line from Bedding, California,
to Carom dam site at Shasta . • . Follows 116
One of 26 flights looking toward Shasta
dam site • •• + * • • • • • » • Follows 116
The cement plant operation at Permanent©
Cement Company, San Jose, Calif* Follows 116
Perraanente Cement conveyor unit follow­
ing terrain of land . * • • • • • Follows 116
Bull Shoals conveyor flight carrying
650 tphr of 6-in* miners rock • » Follows 116
Grand Coulee Dam flight conveyor carry­
ing aggregate from gravel plant to
the dam site • • • • • * • • • • Follows 116
Anderson Ranch Dam 3-mile conveyor
carrying earth from pit to dam site
for building Coulee dam • • • • Follows 116
Sandvlk steel belt conveyor • • • Follows 122
Design types of a steel belt
conveyor • • * • • « • • • • « • Follows 122
Figure Page
52 Idler details of a steel belt
conveyor • • • • • * » » • • • • Follows 122
53 Idler set for a troughed Sandvik
belt • • • • • • • • • • • • • Facing 123
sk Proposed drive for Climax belt • • • • • 135
TABLES
Page
muMMhmi
A Cost analyses on cave mining • 1jj6
B Top cover gauges « * • • • , • * • • « • 91
C Distribution of power in a belt conveyor • 100
system
D Materials conveyed by a steel belt • • • • 118
conveyor
E Carrying capacity of a steel belt • • • • 120
conveyor
P Estimated capital cost expenditures • • • • 131
G Analysis of operating costs and capital • • 132
expenditures