Beginning Japanese: Your Pathway to Dynamic Language Acquisition textwork

1086 Pages·24.881 MB·

by  Kluemper Michael L., Berkson Lisa, Patton Nathan, Patton Nobuko.

Michael L. Kluemper, Lisa Berkson, Nathan Patton, Nobuko Patton
TUTTLE Publishing
Tokyo Rutland, Vermont Singapore
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We would like to dedicate this book to the never-ending support, inspiration, and patience of
our families and friends, sensei and students—past and present.
Special thanks for the generous cooperation given by Heizaburou and Natsuko Ebata, and
Hisaho Onodera in recording the audio. Special acknowledgement of Paul and Miriam Ash,
Yuko Betsukawa, Rick Britton, Rebecca Evans, Sakino Imaruoka, Kaede Kato, Fumiko Kikuchi, Kaori
Miyashita, John Sparks, Akiko and Calder Miyamoto, Manami Imaoka, Morgan Mulberry, Amy Noblitt,
Paul Gatchell, Miki Sawaoka, friends in Omonogawa, and the many others
who have assisted in so many ways in this endeavor.
Published by Tuttle Publishing, an imprint of Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd.
www.tuttlepublishing.com
Copyright © 2010 Michael L. Kluemper, Lisa Berkson, Nathan Patton, Nobuko Patton
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written
permission from the publisher.
Illustrations by Boya Sun and Keiko Murakami
Library of Congress Control Number: 2009933853
ISBN 978-0-8048-4056-9 (paperback edition)
ISBN 978-0-8048-4132-0 (hardcover edition)
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To the Learner
Welcome to Beginning Japanese. This fi rst step on your journey to Japanese language profi ciency will set you well on
your way. This book will teach you how to:
• read and write all hiragana and katakana
• read and recognize 150 kanji
• use Japanese to describe basic details of your own life, including family, school, hobbies, likes and dislikes, and
daily activities
• answer questions in Japanese about your daily life with low-level to mid-level fl uency
• use Japanese to ask a friend about his/her family and daily life, and invite them to join you in an activity such
as shopping
• describe a person or a situation using a variety of adjectives in Japanese
• skim and scan written Japanese passages for important content and meaning
• respond to short written communications, such as e-mail messages, in Japanese
• make a short oral presentation in Japanese about a hobby or a recent event
• talk at a basic level about Japanese geography, history, and culture
Be sure your seatbelt is on, and get ready to enjoy the journey of a lifetime as you learn this exciting language and
experience the culture from which it comes!
The Authors
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Contents
To the Learner .......................................................................................................................................................................................3
Goals and Guidelines ...........................................................................................................................................................................8
Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................................10
1 Introductions and Getting Started 16
東京へ　いきます！
1-1 G とう oきょiうng to Tokyo! Pronunciation and learning hints ..................................................17
日本
1-2 L に a ほんnd of the Rising Sun Writing ..............................................................................................23
私 は　キアラ　です。
1-3 Iわ た しa m K きi a あr aら . Self introductions ...........................................................................27
こちらは母　です。
1-4 T his isは はm y mother. Introducing others, questions and punctuation basics ............34
こんばんは。
1-5 G ood evening. Greetings and asking “which one” ...............................................40
よく　できました。
1-6 W ell done! Useful classroom commands and expressions ..........................47

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2 Family and Friends in Tokyo 52

それは　何　ですか。
2-1 W hat is な んt h a t? My family and things, counting to ten and counting people ...53

こちらは　ベン君の　お母さん　です。
2-2 T his is B べe nん’くsん m o t h eかあr. Others’ families, counting from ten to one hundred ................61

この　バッグに　おみやげが 　 あります。 どうぞ。
2-3 T h e s ばo u っ v ぐ enirs are in this bag. Here you go. Specifying which one, using direct objects ................................68

その　えんぴつと　けしゴムを　二つ　下さい。
2-4 P l e a s e g i v e m e t h a ごt むp e n c ふたi l a n d くだ two erasers. Classroom objects and counting things ......................................73

お母さん、晩ご飯は　何　ですか。
2-5 M かoあ m , w ばhん a t ’はsん f o r なdんinner? Homonyms and abbreviations .....................................................78
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New Word Checklist .....................................................................................................................................................................82
4 Contents
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3 The Ins and Outs of Schools in Japan 86

いいえ、小学校は　ありません。
3-1 No, th eしょrうeがっ こiうs no elementary school. Schools and to have, the basics of adjectives and adverbs ....87
社会と　音楽と　英語が　あります。
3-2 Yしゃo かuい wil lお んh がaくve s えoい c ごial studies, music and English. Subjects and telling time ...............................................................96
次は　何時間目　ですか。
3-3 W つぎhat pなんe じr iかoん dめ is next? Class periods and club activities ...............................................105
今日、宿題は　ありません。
3-4 Tきょh うer しeゅ くiだsい no homework today. Negating the verb あります, but, and the basics of weather ..112
むし暑い　ですね。
3-5 It’s あmつuggy, isn’t it. Expanding on weather and expressive speech ........................117
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4 People and Places of Nagasaki 127

何人　ですか。
4-1 Wなに h じんere are you from? Ethnicity and countries ...............................................................128
何語を　話しますか。
4-2 Wなに h ごat laはnなguage do you speak? Languages, counting fl at things and pages, introduction to
〜ます verbs ................................................................................135
私は　ここで　食べません。
4-3 I won’t eat hたere. Eating and drinking, places of action .......................................140
私は　江戸に　行きます。
4-4 I will g え o ど to Edいo. Going, coming, and returning ....................................................146
この　寿司を　食べて　下さい。
4-5 Ple a s すe しeat thたis sushi. Reviewing verbs ............................................................................151
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New Word Checklist ....................................................................................................................................................................157
5 Time in Nara 160
毎週　月曜日の　12時に　私に、電話して　下さい。
5-1 Pまいl しeゅうa s e げつ tようe lびephone me ever yでん M わ onday at 12:00. Days of the week and schedules ................................................161

私も、アメリカ　で、漢字を　ちょっと　勉強しました。
5-2 I als o あ めs t りu かdied s oかんmじ e kanji in thべんeきょ うU.S. Months and past tense of verbs ................................................168
朝から、晩まで、ずっと　食べます。
5-3 Iあ さeat frばoんm morning all the way until night. Days of the month and years, from ~ until ~
(time and place) ...........................................................................175
先 週も、あちこちに行きました。
5-4 L せんa しsゅうt week too, we went here and there. This week, next week, last week, every week/month/year .....181
5-5 Verb Review .......................................................................................................................................................................187
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Contents 5
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6 Body Parts and Clothing in Hiraizumi 191

頭が　とても　いい　です。
6-1 Yあ たoまu are very smart. Body parts and strength .............................................................192

弁慶さんは、　とても　背が　高い　ですね。
6-2 べB ん e けnいkei is very tall,せ isn’tた hかe! Physical attributes, the 〜て-form of verbs ..............................200

お茶を　飲んでも　いい　ですか。
6-3 M aちゃy I drink some green tea? Health and asking and granting or denying permission .........210

私達は　洋服を　着ています。
6-4 W e are よwうeふくaringき Western clothing. The present progressive tense: 〜て-form + います and the
negative present progressive: 〜て-form + いません................216

弁慶さんに　会って、たくさん　話して、歴史を　勉強しました。
6-5 べW ん e けい met Benあkei, talked aは lなot, anれdきし studべieんきdょう history. Multiple actions using the 〜て-form ........................................222
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New Word Checklist ...................................................................................................................................................................226
7 Hobbies in the Ancient City of Heian-kyou 229
僕の　趣味は　食べる事です。
7-1 M ぼくy hoしb ゅb みy is eたatinこgと. Hobbies and the basics of plain form verbs ............................230

キアラさんは、日本が　大好きですね 。
7-2 K iara, you really love Japan, don’t you? Likes and dislikes, what kind of… ............................................238

キアラさんは、日本語がとても上手です。
7-3 K iara’s Japanese is verじyょ うgずood. To be good or bad at something and the particle が ............245

友さんの 銀色の着物も、かっこいいですよ。
7-4 T omo’s ぎsんi いlvろer -きc も oのlored kimono also looks great! Colors as adjectives and additional adverbs ...........................252

僕も、雅楽は　とてもかっこいいと　思います。
7-5 I alsoが がt くhink that gagaku is really cool! I think… .........................................................................................258
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New Word Checklist ...................................................................................................................................................................263
8 Adjectives in Amanohashidate 265

海がきれい　ですね。
8-1 T うみhe ocean is beautiful, isn’t it? い and な adjectives ..................................................................266

この海はもっときれいでした。
8-2 T his ocean used to be prettier. Past tense of adjectives ..............................................................273
これは美味しくありません。
8-3 T his i sお nいot delicious. Negatives and negative past tense of adjectives ...................281
漬物は、美味しくありませんでした。
8-4 T つけh もeの pi c お k いles were not tasty! Adjective Review ..........................................................................287
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6 Contents
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9 Purchasing and Giving Gifts in Edo 293

買い物を 　します。
9-1 Iか’m going shopping. Shopping, ordering, and counting money .................................294

はい、一冊　1,025円　です。
9-2 Yes, いoっn さつe volumえeん is 1,025 yen. Shopping expressions, more counters, で to mean “for” .......301
もっと　大きい　スリッパは　ありますか。
9-3 Are there bigger slippers? もっと (a little more…) and the particle の to replace nouns ..309

私は　ベン君に、おせんべいと　漫画を　あげます。
9-4 I will give senbei and a coま んm がic book to Ben. Verbs of giving and receiving ......................................................315
これは、私の　妹が　くれました。
9-5 My youngerい もsうとister gave me this. To give ............................................................................................321
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10 Meeting Basho in Kanazawa 327

明日も　晴れ　でしょう。
10-1 P あrしたobabはly tomorrow will also be sunny. Weather and seasons ..................................................................328
「ここで　一緒に、食事をしませんか 。」
10-2 “Won’t yいっo しuょ haしvょe くじ a meal here with us?” Won’t you…, let’s…, shall we… ..................................................335
日本語を、もっと　勉強したい　です。
10-3 I want to studyべん きJょaうpanese more. 〜たい (I want to…) ....................................................................341
まだ　起きたく　ない　です。
10-4 I do nおot want to wake up yet. 〜たくない (I do not want to), short announcements, まだ… ....345
食べ物も、飲み物も、たくさん　持って行きましょう。
10-5 Let’s take a lot of food and drinks. To bring and take ..........................................................................351
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Kanji List ............................................................................................................................................................................................359
Appendix 1: Grammar References
Verb Conjugation Summary ......................................................................................................................................................362
Verbs by Chapter ........................................................................................................................................................................362
Counters ......................................................................................................................................................................................363
Question Words ..........................................................................................................................................................................365
Adjectives & Adjective Conjugation Summary.......................................................................................................................365
Adverbs & Time Words ..............................................................................................................................................................366
Particles .......................................................................................................................................................................................366
Noun Categories ........................................................................................................................................................................367
Appendix 2: Japanese Names ........................................................................................................................................................367
Appendix 3: Food and Drinks ........................................................................................................................................................367
Appendix 4: Classroom Objects ....................................................................................................................................................368
Japanese-English Glossary .............................................................................................................................................................369
English-Japanese Glossary .............................................................................................................................................................377
Contents 7
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Goals and Guidelines
Performance Goals Language Points Culture Kanji
Chapter 1: • pronounce Japanese vowels and • particles は, か • showing respect 木　本　日
Introductions and syllabary • は〜ですstatements • name order 東　京　語
私　父　母
Getting Started • recognize the difference between • relative pronouns
気　元　人
Chinese characters and hiragana • じゃ　ありません
休
• introduce yourself politely
• make simple statements and
questions
• use greetings appropriately
• understand classroom commands
Chapter 2: • describe your family and the • particles の, と, を, • lucky and unlucky 何　家　兄
Family and Friends families of others and も numbers 姉　弟　妹
一　二　三
in Tokyo • count up to 100 and count objects • counters • Tokyo neighbor-
四　五　六
• specify relative location of people • verbs of existence: hoods
七　八　九
and objects あります /います
十　百　犬
• make polite requests and offers • use of ください/
どうぞ

Chapter 3: • talk about daily class schedules • negative verb endings • the Japanese school 高　小　中
The Ins and Outs • tell time • particles を, に, and system and calendar 大　学　校
年　先　生
of Schools in • make contrasting statements using で (by means of), and • school club activities
山　英　国
Japan DEMO the sentence ending • Shinto shrine torii
音　楽　今
• engage in small talk about the particles よ, ね and
分　書　寺
weather ねえ
時　門　間
• use of the conjunc- 下　暑　寒
tion でも (but) 神　社　風
友
Chapter 4: • inquire about nationality • non-past and non- • Tokugawa period 言　外　話
People and Places • discuss languages spoken in past negative of • geography of Kyushu 食　飲　物
車　行　来
of Nagasaki various countries verbs • foreign trade and
帰　見　聞
• talk about eating and drinking • summary of verb infl uence in early
• use the verbs for going, coming, forms introduced and 17th-century Japan
and returning used at this point
• particle で for place
of action
• particles へ and に
for place of direction
Chapter 5: • make affi rmative and negative past • affi rmative and • Nara, its history, and 前　午　後
Time in Nara tense statements and questions negative past tense historic sites 良　月　火
水　金　土
• use a variety of time and date of verbs • imperial reign
曜　千　末
words to talk about past, present, • particle に to periods and dating
毎　電　達
and future schedules indicate a specifi c • Japanese festivals
週
• state your birth date time and holidays
• the から - まで

pattern
8 Beginning Japanese
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Please visit TimeForJapanese.com for detail on how Beginning Japanese aligns with
the standards set forth by organizations such as the Japanese National Standards Task Force,
ACTFL (American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages), and others.
Performance Goals Language Points Culture Kanji
体　目　口
Chapter 6: • name basic body parts and de- • adverbs • geography, history,
耳　手　足
Body Parts and scribe someone’s physical features • the ~て form of and products of
心　持　待
Clothing in • inquire about someone’s health verbs Hiraizumi, Iwate
強　平　和
Hiraizumi • request, grant, and deny • particle で (by means Prefecture, and
低　太　医
permission of) Tohoku 者　薬　着
• talk about wearing clothes and • the ~て います • Yoshitsune and his
accessories (present progressive retainer Benkei
• ask what someone is doing and [~ing]) form of verbs • Chinese and
respond with a series of actions Japanese medicine
花　池　趣
Chapter 7: • discuss your hobbies, and your • the particle が • Heian period culture
味　事　好
Hobbies in the likes and dislikes • dictionary form • Murasaki Shikibu
上　色　白
Ancient City of • state what you are good at and • negative adverbs and The Tale of Genji
黒　赤　青
Heian-kyou what you are poor at • “...と 思います” • waka
歌　思
おも
• point out different colors
• state your opinion using “I think...”
美　長　短
Chapter 8: • describe objects and scenes using • adjective conjugation • geography and
海　安　悪
Adjectives in い and な adjectives in the history of
面　天　立
Amanohashidate present, past and negative Amanohashidate
昔　々　有
conjugation • Japanese folk tales,
広　島
including Urashima
Tarou
• onomatopoeic words
買　売　店
Chapter 9: • go shopping, ask prices, and • noun + SHIMASU • hanga and ukiyoe
万　全　部
Purchasing and purchase goods expressions • Hokusai and other
円　暗　明
Giving Gifts in • understand and use common • もっと (comparative) famous ukiyoe
Edo shopping expressions • use of の to replace artists
• talk about what you gave someone, nouns • Japanese bathing
and what sort of present you • verbs of giving and rituals
received receiving • gift-giving practices
春　夏　秋
Chapter 10: • talk about and predict the weather • DESHO • history and attrac-
冬　石　使
Meeting Basho in • politely invite a friend to do • the ~たい form tions of Kanazawa
作　当　桜
Kanazawa something • まだ + negative verb • the poet Basho
• accept, or decline, an invitation • hanami (cherry
• say that you want, or don’t want, to blossom viewing)
do something • the song “Sakura”
• note that something has not
happened yet
• talk about bringing someone, or
taking something, somewhere
Goals and Guidelines 9
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Introduction
In Beginning Japanese some of the characters you meet are learning Japanese along with you. You will be able to interact
with them, learn what they learn, and have a great time exploring Japanese language, history, and culture. The fi rst person
that you will meet is Kiara. She’s about to arrive in Japan from the U.S. and will be attending a Japanese high school for
the next year, maybe longer. That is, until a sudden change of plans occurs.
Many of you will be using this text to study a foreign language for the fi rst time. Some of you already speak one or
two other languages. Either way, as you go through this text, you will fi nd some hints and techniques that will help the
learning process. You might have heard people say that Japanese is a hard language to learn. The authors and characters
of this textbook say that if you are interested in Japan and the Japanese language, Japanese will defi nitely be the easiest
language for you to learn! It is going to take some time before you can consider yourself fl uent, but the doors that are
about to open for you will reveal fantastic treasures. Be ready for them!
This series is designed to help students take their language learning experience to the next level: Beginning Japanese
will help you improve your understanding of the language and how this language, specifi c to this culture, developed and
exists today. Historical aspects of Japan, its people, traditions, society, and culture are embedded into this series. This
is done to give you, the learner, a clearer understanding of this unique language and the contexts in which it is used.
Using This Book
Beginning Japanese is based on “natural language acquisition” principles. When learning a language “naturally,” the learner
is exposed to much more information than he/she actually needs to answer questions, meet personal needs, or to ac-
complish tasks. Thus, when using this series, it is important for teachers to reinforce the fact that students do not need
to understand every word to participate in a conversation, glean necessary information from signage, a passage, or print
news, or function in a foreign situation. With this in mind, the manga, dialogues, and journal entries in Beginning Japanese
are designed to complement each other. Material has deliberately been included that is not explicitly explained or de-
fi ned. This is because that information is not necessary for comprehension of the main ideas and details of the section
(it may be explained in a subsequent lesson). This mimics the natural learning process in that the learner often grasps
the general outline of material before examining it carefully and sequentially.
Anyone who experiences a new language can testify that you don’t have to be fl uent in a language to express yourself
on a basic level or to understand general meaning. Conversations about when a train leaves, where the restroom is, or
how much a t-shirt costs happen every day between people who do not share a common language. If the person speak-
ing and the person listening are good communicators, information can be shared and understood. In fact, this sort of
exchange often makes for a memorable experience. Skill with another language, however, allows you to delve much deeper
into a culture and to more easily make new friends across cultures. Both the disc included with Beginning Japanese and the
website TimeForJapanese.com include additional listening practices and should be utilized by teachers as they see fi t.
Beginning Japanese is the fi rst step in a language learning series designed to give you a more natural experience in Japanese
language acquisition. Aspects of this book and the accompanying web and audio resources include language beyond
what is expected of you at any given point in your learning process. Through exposure to words, characters, sights, and
sounds provided through this text and its supplementary materials, you will come to have a deeper understanding not
only of Japanese language, but also of its culture, sights, sounds, and history.
This series is different from other learning sources in that:
1. KANJI characters (non-phonetic) are taught from the fi rst lessons. In traditional materials, often students are ex-
pected to master the two phonetic “alphabets,” hiragana and katakana, prior to the introduction of kanji.
10 Beginning Japanese
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