Beginning EJB 3 : Java EE 7 edition

14 Pages·2013·0.48 MB·English

Beginning EJB 3
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Jonathan Wetherbee
Chirag Rathod
Raghu Kodali
Peter Zadrozny
Apress*
Contents
Aboutthe Authors xxi
Aboutthe Technical Reviewer xxiii
Preface xxv
Acknowledgments xxvii
SChapter 1: Introduction to the EJBArchitecture 1
An Introductionto EJB 1
What IsEJB? 2
CoreFeaturesof theEJBDevelopment Model 2
Progression ofthe EJBSpec 4
EJB3SimplifiedDevelopment Model 5
DistributedComputingModel 7
How This Book Is Organized 8
Chapter 1:Introductiontothe EJB3Architecture 8
Chapter2:EJB Session Beans 8
Chapter 3:Entities andthe Java PersistenceAPI 9
Chapter4:Advanced Persistence Features 9
Chapter5:EJB Message-DrivenBeans 9
Chapter 6:EJB and Web Services 9
Chapter7:IntegratingSession Beans, Entities, Message-Driven Beans, andWeb Services 9
Chapter8:Transaction Support inEJB 9
Chapter9:EJB Performance andTesting 9
Chapter10: ContextsandDependencyInjection 10
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CONTENTS
Chapter11: EJBPackaging and Deployment 10
Chapter12: EJBClientApplications 10
Chapter13: Testing inan Embeddable EJBContainer 10
Getting Started 10
Downloadingthe NetBeans IDE 11
Installing NetBeans IDEandItsIntegratedGlassFishServer 12
Testing the NetBeans IDEandGlassFishInstallation 14
Administratingthe GlassFishApplication Server 19
Troubleshooting 20
Conclusion 23
Chapter2: EJB Session Beans 25
Introductionto Session Beans 25
Types of Session Beans 25
When DoYou Use Session Beans? 26
StatelessSession Beans 28
The Bean Class 28
The Business Interface 29
BusinessMethods 31
Dependency Injection 33
LifecycleCallbackMethods 33
Interceptors 34
Stateful Session Beans 36
The Bean Class 36
The Business Interface 37
BusinessMethods 38
Lifecycle CallbackMethods 39
Interceptors 40
ExceptionHandling 40
Singleton Session Beans 40
TheBean Class 40
TheBusinessInterface 42
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CONTENTS
BusinessMethods 42
LifecycleCallbackMethods 42
Concurrency Management 44
Error Handling 45
Timer Service 46
Calendar-BasedTime Expressions 47
Examples of Calendar-BasedTime Expressions 48
Timer Persistence 48
Client View for Session Beans 49
Compiling, Deploying,and Testingthe Session Beans 54
Prerequisites 54
Compiling theSession BeansandtheirClients 54
Deploying theSession BeansandtheirClients 56
Runningthe Client Programs 57
Conclusion 59
Chapter 3: Entities and the Java Persistence API 61
An Entity Example 62
A SimpleJavaBean: Customer.java 62
A SimpleEntity: Customer.java 63
An EntitywithDefaultsExposed: Customer.java 64
CodingRequirements 66
Entity DataAccess 67
PropertyName 67
Example:AnnotatingInstanceVariables 67
Example:AnnotatingPropertyAccessors 69
Declaringthe Primary Key 70
Simple Primary Key 70
CompositePrimary Key 71
Summary of Entity Examples 73
The PersistenceArchive 74
The persistence.xmlFile 74
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CONTENTS
The EntityManager 75
Persistence Context 75
Acquiringan EntityManagerInstance 75
Transaction Support 76
The Entity Life Cycle 77
The Life Cycleofa New Entity Instance 77
O/R Mapping 79
The ©TableAnnotation(Revisited) 79
The©ColumnAnnotation(Revisited) 80
Complex Mappings 81
Entity Relationships 81
©OneToOne 81
©OneToMany and©ManyToOne 82
©ManyToMany 83
Lazyvs. EagerField Bindings 84
Cascading Operations 84
Java PersistenceQuery Language (JPQL) 85
©NamedQuery and©NamedQueries 85
Binding Query Parameters 86
DynamicQueries 86
BulkUpdateand DeleteOperations 87
ComplexQueries 88
Persistencevs. Adaption 88
Forward Generation—Persistence 88
ReverseEngineering—Adaption 88
Which OneIsRightforYourProject? 88
ExampleApplication: CustomerOrderManager 88
Customer.java 89
Compiling, Deploying, and Testingthe JPA Entities 94
Openingthe SampleApplication 94
CreatingtheDatabaseConnection and SampleSchema 96
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CONTENTS
Compiling the Entities,EJBs,andthe Client 97
Deployingthe JPAPersistence Unit,theEJB Module, and theServlet 97
Runningthe Client Programs 98
Conclusion 101
Chapter 4:Advanced Persistence Features 103
Mapping Entity Inheritance Hierarchies 104
Getting Started 104
Entity Inheritance MappingStrategies 105
Single-Table-per-Class Inheritance Hierarchy(lnheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE) 107
Common BaseTablewithJoined SubclassTables (InheritanceType.JOINED) 119
Single-Table-per-OutermostConcreteEntity Class(lnheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS) 122
ComparisonofO/RImplementation Approaches 125
Using Abstract Entities, Mapped Superclasses, and Non-Entity Classes inan
InheritanceHierarchy 126
AbstractEntity Class 126
Mapped Superclass(©MappedSuperclass) 127
Non-entity Class 128
Non-entity Single-valueandCollection Fields 129
Polymorphic Relationships 132
RelationshipMapping 132
Polymorphic JPQL Queries 132
Using NativeSQLQueries 133
The QueryCriteriaAPI 133
Composite Primary Keysand Nested Foreign Keys 134
Using anEmbedded CompositeKey(OEmbeddedld) 135
ExposingCompositeKeyClass Fields Directlyonthe Entity Class(OldClass) 136
MappingRelationshipsThatUse Composite Keys 137
Supportfor Optimistic Locking (©Version) 138
Support forAutogenerated Primary KeyValues (©GeneratedValue) 139
Interceptors: Entity Callback Methods 141
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CONTENTS
Compiling, Deploying,and Testingthe JPAEntities 142
Prerequisites 142
Opening theSampleApplication 142
CreatingtheDatabase Connection 144
Compiling the Sources 145
Running theClient Programs 145
Testing the OtherPersistence Examples 147
Conclusion 147
MappingEntity Inheritance Hierarchies 148
UsingAbstract Entities,Mapped Superclasses, andNon-Entity Classes in an Inheritance Hierarchy 148
PolymorphicRelationships 148
PolymorphicJPQL Queries 148
UsingNativeSQL Queries 148
UsingtheQueryCriteria API 148
Composite Primary KeysandNestedForeign Keys 148
Support for Optimistic Locking 149
Support forAutogenerated PrimaryAutomatic KeyValues 149
Interceptors: Entity CallbackMethods 149
Chapter 5: EJB Message-Driven Beans 151
Message-OrientedArchitecture 151
WhatlsJMS? 151
MessagingApplication Architecture 152
Using MDBs 154
When DoYou Use MDBs? 154
MDBClasses 155
ConfigurationProperties 157
Dependency Injection inMDBs 159
LifecycleCallbackMethods 161
Interceptors 161
Exception Handling 162
ClientView 162
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CONTENTS
Compiling, Deploying, and Testing MDBs 165
Prerequisites 166
Compiling the Session BeansandMDBs 166
CreatingtheJMS andJavaMailResources 168
Deploying theSession Beans, MDBs,andtheirClients 172
Runningthe Client Programs 173
Conclusion 175
Chapter6: EJB and Web Services 177
WhatAreWeb Services? 177
UDDI 178
WSDL 178
SOAP 182
REST 183
When DoYouUseWeb Services? 185
JavaEE and Web Services 185
JAX-WS 185
JAX-RS 186
JAXB 186
JAXR 186
SAAJ 186
JSR181 187
EJB Stateless Session Beans as Web Services 187
Developinga NewWeb Service 187
Packaging, Deploying, andTestingWeb Services 190
Prerequisites 190
Compiling theSession Bean 190
Deployingthe Session Bean-BasedWeb Service 192
Testingthe CreditService 193
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CONTENTS
Web Service ClientView 196
DevelopingaJavaClientThatAccessestheWeb Service 196
Session BeansasWeb Service Clients 203
Conclusion 204
Chapter 7: Integrating Session Beans, Entities, Message-Driven Beans,
and Web Services 205
Introduction 205
Application Overview 205
Application Componentsand Services 206
The ShoppingCart Component 206
The Search FacadeComponent 206
The Customer Fagade Component 206
The OrderProcessingFagadeComponent 207
Persistence Services 207
The E-mailService 207
The Credit Service 207
TheOrder ProcessingService 207
The Wines OnlineApplication Business Process 207
In-Depth Component/Service Walkthrough 208
Persistence Services 209
TheCustomerFacadeComponent 209
TheSearch Fagade Component 211
The ShoppingCartComponent 212
TheOrderProcessing FagadeComponent 217
The OrderProcessingService 223
The E-mail Service 227
The Credit Service 228
The Database Schema : 228
Building, Deploying, and Testingthe Application 229
Prerequisites 229
Creatingthe Database Connection 230
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CONTENTS
CreatingtheJMS and JavaMailResources 231
Openingthe SampleApplication 231
Configuringthe EJBWeb Service 232
[email protected] andthe user.properties File 232
Building, Deploying,andExecutingthe SampleApplication 233
The Servlet Output 236
TheResultingE-mail 236
Conclusion 237
Chapter8: Transaction Support in EJB 239
WhatIs a Transaction? 239
DistributedTransactions 240
TheACID Propertiesof aTransaction 240
TheJavaTransactionAPI (JTA) 241
TheTwo-PhaseCommit Protocol 241
Transaction Support in EJB 241
EJBTransaction Services 241
Session BeanTransactional Behavior inthe Service Model 242
Container-ManagedTransaction (CMT) Demarcation 242
Bean-ManagedTransaction (BMT) Demarcation 245
Implicit Commit vs. Explicit Commit 246
UsingTransactionswith JPA Entities 246
RelationshipBetweenEntities andaTransaction Context 247
Container-Managed vs.Application-ManagedPersistence Context 247
Transaction-Scoped Persistence Context vs.ExtendedPersistence Context 247
JTAvs. Resource-Local EntityManagers 248
Two Sample Scenarios 248
StatelessSessionBeanswithCMT Demarcation 248
Java Facade UsingApplication-Managed EntityManager 256
Filtering TestDataUsinga CMTSession Bean 259
Stateful Session Beans withBMTDemarcation and Extended Persistence Context 264
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