Table Of ContentOutline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Bayesian Statistics for Archaeologists
Thomas S. Dye
T.S.Dye&Colleagues,Archaeologists,Inc.
735BishopSt.,Suite315
Honolulu,Hawai‘i96813
IGERT Program
University of Arizona
November 15–16, 2004
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Deduction and Induction
I Deduction (top) is
Effects
Cause or simpler than
Outcomes
inductive reasoning
(bottom).
I Diagram after Sivia
(1996:Fig. 1.1).
Effects
Possible
or
Causes
Observations
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
A Short History of Probability and Inductive Reasoning
Bayesian Statistics: A Framework for Logical and Consistent
Reasoning
Bayesian Radiocarbon Calibration
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Outline
A Short History of Probability and Inductive Reasoning
An Absent Family of Ideas Before a.d. 1660
The Dual Nature of Probability
Bayesian Statistics: A Framework for Logical and Consistent
Reasoning
Derivation of Bayes’ Theorem
Conceptualizing Bayes’ Theorem
Bayesian Radiocarbon Calibration
How is Bayesian Calibration Different?
BCal: An On-line Bayesian Radiocarbon Tool
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Knowledge, Opinion, and Degrees of Belief
I “God has chosen the most perfect of all
possible worlds, that is to say that which is
at once the simplest in hypotheses and the
richest in phenomena” Leibniz, 1686.
I “Such a fact is probable but undoubtedly
false” Gibbon, 1776.
I “It is not reason which is the guide of life,
but custom” Hume, 1748.
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Knowledge, Opinion, and Degrees of Belief
I “God has chosen the most perfect of all
possible worlds, that is to say that which is
at once the simplest in hypotheses and the
richest in phenomena” Leibniz, 1686.
I “Such a fact is probable but undoubtedly
false” Gibbon, 1776.
I “It is not reason which is the guide of life,
but custom” Hume, 1748.
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Knowledge, Opinion, and Degrees of Belief
I “God has chosen the most perfect of all
possible worlds, that is to say that which is
at once the simplest in hypotheses and the
richest in phenomena” Leibniz, 1686.
I “Such a fact is probable but undoubtedly
false” Gibbon, 1776.
I “It is not reason which is the guide of life,
but custom” Hume, 1748.
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Outline
A Short History of Probability and Inductive Reasoning
An Absent Family of Ideas Before a.d. 1660
The Dual Nature of Probability
Bayesian Statistics: A Framework for Logical and Consistent
Reasoning
Derivation of Bayes’ Theorem
Conceptualizing Bayes’ Theorem
Bayesian Radiocarbon Calibration
How is Bayesian Calibration Different?
BCal: An On-line Bayesian Radiocarbon Tool
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Frequency and Belief
Compare and contrast two probability questions:
I What is the probability that a roll of the dice
will yield snake eyes?
I What is the probability that Hawai‘i was
discovered by Polynesians in a.d. 750–800?
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Outline
AShortHistoryofProbabilityandInductiveReasoning AnAbsentFamilyofIdeasBeforeA.D.1660
BayesianStatistics:AFrameworkforReasoning TheDualNatureofProbability
BayesianRadiocarbonCalibration
Frequency and Belief
Compare and contrast two probability questions:
I What is the probability that a roll of the dice
will yield snake eyes?
I What is the probability that Hawai‘i was
discovered by Polynesians in a.d. 750–800?
ThomasS.Dye BayesianStatisticsforArchaeologists
Description:Bayesian Statistics: A Framework for Reasoning. Bayesian Radiocarbon Calibration. Bayesian Statistics for Archaeologists. Thomas S. Dye. T. S. Dye