V. Ya. Arsenin Basic Equations and Special Functions of Mathematical Physics Jl Basic Equations and Special Functions of Mathematical Physics T BASIC EQUATIONS AND SPECIAL FUNCTIONS OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS V. Ya. Arsenin Translated by S. Chomet, King’s College, London English translation edited by S. Doniach, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London LONDON ILIFFE BOOKS LTD NEW YORK AMERICAN ELSEVIER PUBLISHING COMPANY INC. First published by Nauka, Moscow, under the title Matematicheskaya Fizika — Osnovnye Uravneniya i Spctsial’nye Funktsii English Edition first published in 1968 by Jliffc Books Ltd, 42 Russel] Square, London, W.C.I. American edition published by American Elsevier Publishing Company Inc. 52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, New York 10017 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 68-57390 Translated and prepared for press by Scripta Technica Ltd, 139a New Bond Street, London, W.l. (C) Iliffe Books Ltd 1968 Printed in Poland Contents Preface 7 PART 1 Chapter 1 Linear Equations with Two Independent Variables 3 Chapter 2 Partial Differential Equations in Physics. Boundary-value Problems 13 Chapter 3 The Method of Characteristics 32 Chapter 4 Separation of Variables (Fourier Method) 59 Chapter 5 The Method of Green’s Functions for Parabolic Equations 107 Chapter 6 The Method of Green’s Functions for Elliptical Equations 124 Chapter 7 Potentials 146 Chapter 8 Integral Equations 168 Chapter 9 Integral Equations with Symmetric Kernels 188 PART 2 Chapter 10 Gamma Function 215 Chapter 11 Cylindrical Functions 223 Chapter 12 Spherical Harmonics 268 Chapter 13 Chebyshev-Hermite and Chebyshev-Laguerre Polynomials 291 Appendix Definition of Generalised Functions. The S Function 303 Answers and Solutions 321 Bibliography 355 Index 357 5 A