Bacterial Adhesion to Host Tissues: Mechanisms and Consequences (Advances in Molecular and Cellular Microbiology) PDF
Preview Bacterial Adhesion to Host Tissues: Mechanisms and Consequences (Advances in Molecular and Cellular Microbiology)
Bacterial Adhesion to Host Tissues Mechanisms and Consequences This book is about the adhesion of bacteria to their human hosts. Although adhesion is essential for maintaining members of the normal microflora in/on their host, it is also the crucial first stage in any infectious disease. It is important, therefore, to fully understand the mechanisms underlying bac- terial adhesion so that we may be able to develop methods of maintaining our normal (protective) microflora and of preventing pathogenic bacteria from initiating an infectious process. These topics are increasingly impor- tant because of the growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and, consequently, the need to develop alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. This book describes the bacterial struc- tures responsible for adhesion and the molecular mechanisms underlying the adhesion process. A unique feature is that it also deals with the conse- quences of adhesion for both the adherent bacterium and the host cell/ tissue to which is has adhered. Researchers and graduate students in micro- biology and molecular medicine will find this book to be a valuable overview of current research on this exciting and rapidly developing topic. MICHAEL WILSONis Professor of Microbiology in the Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University College London, and Head of the Department ofMicrobiology at the Eastman Dental Institute, University College London. He is the co-editor of Community Structure and Co-operation in Biofilms (2000) and co-author of Bacterial Disease Mechanisms: An Introduction to Cellular Microbiology(2002). Over the past decade, the rapid development of an array of techniques in the fields of cellular and molecular biology have transformed whole areas of research across the biological sciences. Microbiology has perhaps been influ- enced most of all. Our understanding of microbial diversity and evolution- ary biology, and of how pathogenic bacteria and viruses interact with their animal and plant hosts at the molecular level, for example, have been revo- lutionized. Perhaps the most exciting recent advance in microbiology has been the development of the interface discipline of Cellular Microbiology, a fusion of classical microbiology, microbial molecular biology and eukaryotic cellular and molecular biology. Cellular Microbiology is revealing how path- ogenic bacteria interact with host cells in what is turning out to be a complex evolutionary battle of competing gene products. Molecular and cellular Y biology are no longer discrete subject areas but vital tools and an integrated G O part of current microbiological research. As part of this revolution in molec- L O ular biology, the genomes of a growing number of pathogenic and model bac- I B teria have been fully sequenced, with immense implications for our future O R understanding of microorganisms at the molecular level. C Advances in Molecular and Cellular Microbiology is a series edited by I M researchers active in these exciting and rapidly expanding fields. Each volume R A will focus on a particular aspect of cellular or molecular microbiology, and will L U provide an overview of the area, as well as examining current research. This L L series will enable graduate students and researchers to keep up with the E C rapidly diversifying literature in current microbiological research. AMCM D Series Editors N A Professor Brian Henderson R A University College London L U Professor Michael Wilson C E University College London L O M Professor Sir Anthony Coates N St George’s Hospital Medical School, London I S E Professor Michael Curtis C N St Bartholemew’s and Royal LondonHospital, London A V D A Advances in Molecular and Cellular Microbiology 1 Bacterial Adhesion to Host Tissues Mechanisms and Consequences EDITED BY Michael Wilson University College London Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge , United Kingdom Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521801072 © Cambridge University Press 2002 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2002 - isbn-13 978-0-511-06331-2 eBook (NetLibrary) - isbn-10 0-511-06331-8 eBook (NetLibrary) - isbn-13 978-0-521-80107-2 hardback - isbn-10 0-521-80107-9 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of s for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Contents vv List of contributors vii Preface xv Part I Bacterial adhesins and adhesive structures 1 1 Surface protein adhesins of staphylococci 3 Timothy J. Foster 2 Mechanisms of utilization of host signalling molecules by respiratory mucosal pathogens 27 Mumtaz Virji 3 Adhesive surface structures of oral streptococci 59 Roderick McNab, Pauline S. Handley and Howard F. Jenkinson 4 Regulation and function of phase variation in Escherichia coli 89 Ian Blomfield and Marjan van der Woude 5 Regulation of capsule expression 115 Clare Taylor and Ian S. Roberts 6 Role of pili in Haemophilus influenzaeadherence, colonization and disease 139 Janet R. Gilsdorf Part II Effect of adhesion on bacterial structure and function 163 7 Transcriptional regulation of meningococcal gene expression upon adhesion to target cells 165 Muhamed-Kheir Taha 8 Induction of protein secretion by Yersinia enterocoliticathrough contact with eukaryotic cells 183 Dorothy E. Pierson 9 Functional modulation of pathogenic bacteria upon contact with host target cells 203 vi Andreas U. Kresse, Frank Ebel and Carlos A. Guzmán s t n Part III Consequences of bacterial adhesion for the host 221 e t n o c 10 Adhesion, signal transduction and mucosal inflammation 223 Catharina Svanborg, Goran Bergsten, Hans Fischer, Bjorn Frendéus, Gabriela Godaly, Erika Gustafsson, Long Hang, Maria Hedlund, Ann-Charlotte Lundstedt, Martin Samuelsson, Patrik Samuelsson, Majlis Svensson and Bjorn Wullt 11 Adhesion of oral spirochaetes to host cells and its cytopathogenic consequences 247 Richard P. Ellen 12 Interactions between enteropathogenic Escherichia coliand epithelial cells 277 Elizabeth L. Hartland, Gad Frankel and Stuart Knutton 13 Host cell responses to Porphyromonas gingivalisand Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 299 Richard J. Lamont Index 323 Plate section is between pp. 240 and 241. Contributors vviiii Goran Bergsten Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology (MIG) Institute of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Sölvegatan 23 S-22362Lund Sweden Ian Blomfield Department of Biosciences University of Kent at Canterbury Canterbury Kent CT27NJ UK Frank Ebel Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Institut Pasteur 25rue du Dr. Roux 75724Paris France Richard P. Ellen Faculty of Dentistry University of Toronto 124Edward Street Toronto Ontario Canada M5G 1G6 Hans Fischer Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology (MIG) Institute of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Sölvegatan 23 S-22362Lund Sweden Timothy J. Foster Department of Microbiology Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine Trinity College vviiiiii Dublin 2 Ireland s r o t Gad Frankel u ib Department of Biochemistry and Centre for Molecular Microbiology & Infection r t n Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine o c London SW72AZ UK Bjorn Frendéus Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology (MIG) Institute of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Sölvegatan 23 S-22362Lund Sweden Janet R. Gilsdorf Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Gabriela Godaly Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology (MIG) Institute of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Sölvegatan 23 S-22362Lund Sweden Erika Gustafsson Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology (MIG) Institute of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Sölvegatan 23 S-22362Lund Sweden Carlos A. Guzmán Vaccine Research Group Division of Microbiology GBF-German Research Centre for Biotechnology iixx Mascheroder Weg. 1 D-38124Braunschweig c Germany o n t r Pauline S. Handley ib u 1.800Stopford Building to r School of Biological Sciences s University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M139PT UK Long Hang Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology (MIG) Institute of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Sölvegatan 23 S-22362Lund Sweden Elizabeth L. Hartland Department of Microbiology Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia
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