Authenticating Tibet: Answers to China's 100 Questions PDF
Preview Authenticating Tibet: Answers to China's 100 Questions
A • • • BOOK The Philip E. Lilienthal imprint honors special books in commemoration of a man whose work at University of California Press fron1 1954 to 1979 was marked by dedication to young authors and to high standards in the field of Asian Studies. Friends, family, authors, and foundations have together endowed the Lilienthal Fund, which enables the Press to publish under this imprint selected books in a way that reflects the taste and judgment of a great and beloved editor. The publisher gratefully acknowledges the generous contribution to this book provided by the Philip E. Lilienthal Asian Studies Endowment Fund of the University of California Press Foundation 1 which is supported by a major gift from Sally Lilienthal. Publie avec le concours du Ministere fran~ais charge de la culture 1 Centre national du livre. Published with the assistance of the French Ministry of Culture 1s National Center for the Book. Authenticating Tibet Authenticating Tibet Answers to China's Questions 1.00 Edited by ANNE-MARIE BLONDEAU and KATIA BUFFETRILLE With a foreword by Donald Lopez University of California Press BERKEL[Y LOS ANGELES LONDON daptcd Jnd updated translation of Le Tibet est-ii ch11101?s Rcponscs 11c ent questions chi11oisc.:e;d, ited by Anne-Marie Blondeau and Kntia Buffetrille, Sc1cnccs des religions ( Paris: Albin Michel, 2002) University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the Urnted States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and n;.itural sciences. Its activities are supporter by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and rnstitutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu. University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 2008 by The Regents of the University of California Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Authenticating Tibet: answers to China's 100 questions I edited by Anne-Marie Blondeau and Katia Buffetrille; with a foreword by Donald Lopez. "Adapted and updated translation of Le Tibet est-il chinois ? : a reponses cent questions chinoises." p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN: 978-0-520-24464-1 (cloth: alk. paper) JSR"J: 978-0-520-24928-8 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Tibet (China)-Politics and governmcnt-1951-. 2 Tibet (China) lfistory. .3. Human rights-China-Tibet. I. Blondeau, Anne Marie. II. Buffetrille, Katia. IIl. Jing, Wei. Xizang bai ti wen da. a IV. Tibet est-ii chinois?: reponses cent questions chinoises. V. Title: Answers to China's 100 questions. os786.T496.341J 2008 951 '.505-dc22 20070121 .35 Manu foctured in the United Stntcs of America 15 14 1.3 12 11 10 09 08 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 J 2 1 This book is pnnted on Natures Book, which contains 50% postconsumer waste and meets the minimum requirements of A si/ 1c,o z3948-1992 (R 1997) (Per111a11e11ocf cP aper). CONTENTS Foreword by Do11oldL opez XVl Preface to the English edition by Kntia Bu.ffetrille XXll Aclrnowledgments XXVll Abbreviations and Conventions xxviii Maps XXX PART ONE HISTORICAL FACTS 1. Some Tibetans in self-exile have repeatedly claimed that Tibet and China are two different countries. What does history have to say? J The Tibetan Empire I Helga Llebach Tlzc Yuan Dynasty I Elliot Sperling 2. Some Tibetans have argued that the Yuan emperor, Kublai Khan, and Pagba, a leading Tibetan lama of the Sagya Sect, only established the religious relationship of "the benefactor and the lama''; political subordination was not involved. Is this right? 14 Elliot Sperling .3. How did the Yuan Dynasty exercise its sovereignty over Tibet? 15 Elliot Sperling 4. It has been argued that the Mongolians incorporated Tibet into China by conquest in a manner ·not too dissimilar to Britain's occupation of India and Burma. What do you think of the claim that just as India cannot now regard Burma as part of its territory, so China cannot claim sovereignty over Tiber? 17 Elliot Sperling Did the Ming and Qing dynasties continue to exercise the 5· sovereignty over Tibet established by the Yuan dynasty? 18 The Ming Dynasty I Elliot Sperling Tlze Qing Dynasty I A1111eC lzayet 6. Can you outline the origins of the Da]ai Lama and the Bainqen Erdini? Did the establishment of these positions have anything to do with the Chinese central government? .33 A1111eC lrnyet 7. Are there any historical documents which provide evidence that Tibet is part of China? .37 Anne Clzayet 8. Why was the issue of "Tibetan independence" raised early in this century? .39 Tse ring Slwkya and Anne-Marie Blondeau It has been claimed that China only has suzerainty over Tibet. 9· Is this right? 44 Tseri11gS hakya 10. How did Britain and the United States interfere with China's domestic affairs with regard to Tibet in the past? 45 Tsering Shalcya and Anne-Marie Blondeau 11. What are the views of foreign countries on the "independence of Tibet"? 50 Anne-Marie Blondeau 12. An American newspaper said that Tibet did not become part of China until 1950, and only in the late 1970s did the Carter administration officially recognize China's sovereignty over Tibet. Does this accord with history? 53 Anne-Marie Blondeau 13. Under what circumstances did the PLA decide to march into Tibet? 55 Samten Karmay 14. What was the content of the Agreement on Measures for the Peaceful Liberation of Tibet signed between China's Central Government and the local government of Tibet? 6<1 Anne-Marie Blondeau
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