Assessment of Genetic Variability among Different Genotypes of Grape for Qualitative abd

109 Pages·2017·3.16 MB·English

Assessment of Genetic Variability among Different
Genotypes of Grape for Qualitative abd
Quantitative Traits
THESIS

Submitted to the
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of

Master of Science
In
Horticulture

Fruit Science

By

SANIYA

Department of Fruit Science
Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya
College of Horticulture, Mandsaur (M.P.)
2016
CERTIFICATE- I
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Assessment of genetic
variability among different genotypes of grape for qualitative and quantitative
traits” submitted by Ms. SANIYA to the Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa
Vidyalaya in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF
SCIENCE (Horticulture) in the subject of FRUIT SCIENCE is record of original and
bonafide research work carried out by her under my guidance and supervision. It is
of sufficiently high standard to warrant its presentation for the award of the said
degree. The subject of the thesis has been approved by the Student’s Advisory
Committee and the Director of Instruction.
I also certify that the dissertation or part thereof has not been
previously submitted by her for a degree of any university. All the assistance and
help received during the course of this investigation has been acknowledged by the
scholar.

Signature

(Dr. Jyoti Kanwar)
Chairman of the Advisory Committee

MEMBERS OF THE STUDENT’S ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Chairman (Dr. Jyoti Kanwar) : .............................................................
Members (Dr. I.S. Naruka) : ...........................................................
Members (Sh. B. Kacholi) : ..............................................................
Members (Dr. G.P.S. Rathore) : ......................................................
CERTIFICATE-II
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “Assessment of genetic
variability among different genotypes of grape for qualitative and quantitative
traits” Submitted by Ms. SANIYA to the Rajmata Vijyaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa
Vidyalaya in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF
SCIENCE (Horticulture) in the subject of FRUIT SCIENCE has been approved by
the student's advisory committee after viva-voce examination in collaboration with
the external examiner.

Signature
(Dr. Jyoti Kanwar)
Chairman of the advisory Committee

MEMBERS OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Chairman (Dr. Jyoti Kanwar) : ............................................................

Member (Dr. I.S. Naruka) : ..................................................................

Members (Sh. B. Kacholi) : ..................................................................

Members (Dr. G.P.S. Rathore) : ..........................................................

Head of the Department : .....................................................................

Dean of the College : ...........................................................................

Director Instruction : ..............................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
“Words can not give full justice to express such of gratitude”
I want to start my humble acknowledgment with the name of “The Almighty
God” who is most gracious and merciful. My acknowledgment are many more than I
am expressing here for my advisor. First, and foremost, I would like to thank my
advisor, Dr. Jyoti Kanwar, Assit. Prof. Department of Fruit Science, for introducing
me to the challenging problem and giving me an opportunity to work on the frontier
area of science. She has supported me not only by providing guidance over almost
two years, but also academically and emotionally through the rough road to finish
this thesis.
A special word of thanks goes to Dr. I.S. Naruka Asso.Prof. Department of
Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops. for his constant support and
providing me the necessary facilities to carry out the research work. I will always
remember him as one of the my best teacher to guided me towards the right path
when I joined this research programme.
My sincere thanks to Sh. Basant Kacholi, Asst. Prof. Department of Genetics
and Breeding, Dr. G.P.S. Rathore, Asso. Prof. Department of Agricultural Statistics. I
would like to thank Sh. R.N. Kanpure Asst. Prof., Head of section and also to Dr.
Priyamvada Sonkar Asst. Prof. Dept. of Fruit Science for their support and guidance.
I would like to sincerely express my humble and deep sense of gratitude to Dr. K. A.
Khan, Asst. Prof. Department of Agricultural Engineering.
I am very much indebted to honorable Vice-Chancellor Dr.A.K. Singh,
R.V.S.K.V.V., Gwalior, Dr. B.S. Baghel, Director of instruction and Dr. S.S. Tomar,
Dean Faculty of agriculture, R.V.S.KV.V, Gwalior. I record my deep sincere of
gratitude to Dr. H. Patidar, Dean, College of Horticulture, Mandsaur for his kind co-
operation and providing facilitates and resources during my P.G. Programme.
The world at my command are adequate to express my deep sense to
gratitude specially to my seniors Imran Khan, Rashid Pathan and Dipika Sharma and
my friends Geet, Sharda, Priya, Priyanka, Shadma, Sangeeta, Sowmya, Vidhya,
Ashok, Ajay and all batchmates and also to my dearest junior uma for their
immeasurable care, enormous support and endless love during my work.
No words are enough to express the great sacrifice, devotion, constant
encouragement and inspiration, of my beloved, respected and adorable father Mr.
Chand Babu and mother Mrs. Mehmooda Bano, without affection and guidance, I
would not have successful in this difficult endeavor of post graduate studies. I am
really grateful to be the part of my family. In last but not least I express my gratitude
and warm regard to my beloved sisters and cousins.
Place – Mandsaur
Date - (Saniya)
Contents

S. No. Title Page range

1. Introduction 1-3

2. Review of literature 4-11

3. Material and Methods 12-27

4. Results 28-60

5. Discussion 60-73

6. Summary, Conclusion and Suggestions for future 74-79
work

Bibliography 80-83

Appendices 84-88

Vita 89
List of Tables

Table Title Page
Number Number

3.2 Weekly meteorological observations during the study 13
period (October, 2015- March, 2016)

3.3 Physical and Chemical composition of the soil 14

4.1.1 Mean performance of grape genotypes for growth 29
parameters

4.1.2 Mean performance of grape genotypes for 32
phenological parameters

4.1.3.1 Mean performance of grape genotypes for fruit yield 35
parameters

Mean performance of grape genotypes for fruit yield 39
4.1.3.4 parameters

4.1.3.8 Mean performance of grape genotypes for fruit yield 41
parameters

4.1.4 Mean performance of grape genotypes for quality 44
parameters

4.1.5 Mean performance of grape genotypes for 48
organoleptic parameters

4.2 Genetic parameters of yield and yield attributing traits 50
in grape genotypes

4.6.1 Genotypic Correlation coefficient of yield and it’s 52
contributing attributes of grape

4.6.2 Phenotypic Correlation coefficient of yield and it’s 58
contributing attributes of grape
List of figures

Figure Title Page
Number Number

1. Weekly meteorological observations during study 14
period (October, 2015- March, 2016)

2. Comparison of mature canes and fruitful canes
among different genotypes of grape 30

3. Comparison of phenological parameters among 33
different genotypes of grape

4. Comparison of weight of bunch among different 36
genotypes of grape

5. Comparison of berry weight among different 37
genotypes of grape

6. Comparison of fruit yield among different genotypes 42
of grape
List of plates
Plate Title Between
number pages
1 A paranomic view of experimental field 16-17
2(a) Variation in bunch size among colour seedless varieties 59-60
of grape
2(b) Variation in bunch size among white seedless varieties of 59-60
grape
2(c) Variation in bunch size among juice varieties of grape 59-60
2(d) Variation in bunch size among seeded table varieties of 59-60
grape
2(e) Variation in bunch size among red wine varieties of grape 59-60

List of Appendices

Appendix Title Page
number Number

I Analysis of variance for growth parameters among
different grape genotypes 84

II Analysis of variance for phenological parameters 85
among different grape genotypes

III Analysis of variance for yield parameters among 86
different grape genotypes

IV Analysis of variance for yield parameters among 87
different grape genotypes

V Analysis of variance for quality parameters among 88
different grape genotypes
List of symbols/ Abbreviations

Symbol Abbreviation Stands for
/ - Per
@ - At the rate of
% - Percent
0C - Degree Celsius
& - And
- ANOVA Analysis of variance
- B.C. Before Christ
- CD Critical difference
- Cm Centimeter
- cm3 Cubic centimetre
- Cvs Cultivars
- Df Degree of freedom
- e.g. Example qratia
- et al. et. Alii
- Fig. Figure
- G Gram
- GA Genetic advance
- GDD Growing degree days
- GCV Genotypic coefficient of variation
- Ha Hectare
- Kg Kilogram
- lit. Litre
- M Meter
- Max. Maximum
- Mg Milli Gram
- Min. Minimum
Ml Millilitre
Mm Melli Meter
MSS Mean sum of square
MT Million tonne
No. Number
NS Non-significant
PCV Phenotypic coefficient of variation
Ppm Parts per million
R Coefficient of variation
* - Significant
** - Highly significant
Sem Standard Error of Mean
Spp. Species
Viz. Videlicet (namely)
Wt. Weight
CHAPTER- I
Introduction

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most valuable, demandable,
remunerative horticultural crop belongs to the family vitaceae. It made up of 12
genera and about 60 species. It is a self pollinated diploid species. Grape (Vitis
sp.) is divided into two sub-genera, Euvitis Planch. (2n=38) and Muscadinia
Planch. (2n=40) (Einset and Pratt, 1975). It is widely cultivated in temperate, sub-
tropical and tropical regions of the world. Grapevine is one of the worlds major
fruit crop and has the earliest recorded history. It has also been praised in “The
Holy Quran” and “The Bible” and in other old authentic literatures indicating extent
of antiquity. Grape is believed to have originated in Armenia near the Black and
Caspian seas in Russia.
Botanically, the grapevine is a liana, a climbing vine. Grape vine has
spreading, descending and deep root system. Feeders roots are confined up to 25
cm depth and up to 60 – 120 cm away from trunk. Trunk is a permanent stem of
vine on which whole framework is based. After pruning, succulent current
season’s growth arises from buds called as ‘shoots’, which when become woody,
mature and dormant are called as ‘canes’. Leaves of grape vine are cordate
shaped and palmately lobed. The Vinifera possesses intermittent tendrils having
same origin with clusters. Flowers are born in racemose panicle opposite to
leaves on current season’s growth. The individual flower, or floret, can be
hermaphrodite, pistillate and staminate though on cultivated vines it is always
perfect which allows for self- pollination. Flowers, open from the base rather than
the tip, form a cap (known as calyptra), which pops off at anthesis. The fruit of
grape vine is a true berry and a cluster of berries on main rachis and secondary
rachis are referred to as “bunches”. The colour of fruit ranges from greenish,
purplish, reddish, golden, pink or bluish black, while the flavours range from fruity,
spicy and muscat depending upon the cultivar.
Grape is a refreshing fruit, rich in sugars, acids, minerals, vitamins and
tannins. Major constituents of fruits are carbohydrates (15.00 %), minerals (0.2-0.6