AS-506 (Apollo 11)

280 Pages·010.92 MB·English

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SATURN V LAUNCH VEHICLE
FLIGHT EVALUATION REPORT-AS-506
APOLLO !1 MISSION
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PREPARED BY "'_,,'-// - C"%"_
SATURN FLIGHT EVALUATION WORKING GR_h _ )_.'}:"_
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
_C - Form 774 (Rev October 1967)
GEORGE C. MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
MPR-SAT-FE-69- 9
SATURNV LAUNCH VEHI CLE
FLIGHT EVALUATION REPORT-AS-.506
APOLLO 11 MI SSION
PREPARED BY
SATURN FLIGHT EVALUATION WORKING GROUP
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AS-506 LAUNCH VEHICLE
MPR-SAT-FE-69-9
SATURN V LAUNCH VEHICLE FLIGHT EVALUATION REPORT - AS-506
APOLLO II MISSION
BY
Saturn Flight Evaluation Working Group
George C. Marshall Space Flight Center
ABSTRACT
Saturn V AS-506 (Apollo II Mission) was launched at 09:32:00 Eastern
Daylight Time on July 16, 1969, from Kennedy Space Center, Complex 39,
Pad A. The vehicle lifted off on schedule on a launch azimuth of 90
degrees east of north and rolled to a flight azimuth of 72.058 degrees
east of north.
The launch vehicle successfully placed the manned spacecraft in the
planned translunar injection coast mode. The S-IVB/IU was placed in a
solar orbit with a period of 342 days by a combination of continuous
LH2 vent, a LOX dump and APS ullage burn.
The Principal and Secondary Detailed Objectives of this mission
were completely accomplished. No failures, anomalies, or deviations
occurred that seriously affected the flight or mission.
Any questions or comments pertaining to the information contained in
this report are invited and should be directed to:
Director, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center
Huntsville, Alabama 35812
Attention: Chairman, Saturn Flight Evaluation Working
Group, S&E-CSE-LE (Phone [phone])
TABLEOFCONTENTS
Section Page
TABLEOF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xi
LIST OFTABLES xvi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT xix
ABBREVIATIONS
XX
MISSIONPLAN xxiii
FLIGHTTESTSUMMARY
XXV
INTRODUCTION
I.I Purpose
1.2 Scope
EVENTTIMES
2.1 Summaryof Events 2-I
2.2 Variable Time and CommandedSwitch
Selector Events 2-2
LAUNCHOPERATIONS
3.1 Summary 3-I
3.2 Prel aunch Milestones 3-I
3.3 Countdown Events 3-I
3.4 Propella'nt Loading 3-I
3.4.1 RP-I Loading 3-I
3.4.2 LOXLoading 3-3
3.4.3 LH2 Loading 3-3
3.4.4 Auxiliary Propulsion System
Propellant Loading 3-4
3.5 S-II Insulation, Purge and Leak
Detection 3-4
iii
TABLEOFCONTENTS(CONTINUED)
Section Page
3.6 Ground Support Equipment 3-4
3.6.1 Ground/Vehicle Interface 3-4
3.6.2 MSFCFurnished Ground Support
Equipment 3-5
3.6.3 CameraCoverage 3-6
4 TRAJECTORY
4.1 Summary
4.2
Tracking Data Utilization
4.2.1
Tracking During the Ascent Phase
of F1i ght 4-2
Tracking During Orbital Flight 4-2
Tracking During the Injection Phase
of F1ight 4-2
4.2.4
Tracking During the Post Injection
Phase of Flight 4-3
4.3 Trajectory Evaluation 4-3
4.3.1 Ascent Trajectory 4-3
4.3.2 Parking Orbit Trajectory 4-6
4.3.3 Injection Trajectory 4-6
4.3.4 Post TLI Trajectory 4-10
4.3.5 S-IVB/IU Post Separation Trajectory 4-11
S-IC PROPULSION
5.1 Summary 5-I
5.2 S-IC Ignition Transient Performance 5-I
5.3 S-IC Mainstage Performance 5-3
5.4 S-IC Engine Shutdown Transient
Performance 5-5
5.5 S-IC Stage Propellant Management 5-6
5.6 S-lC Pressurization Systems 5-7
5.6.1 S-IC Fuel Pressurization System 5-7
5.6.2 S-IC LOX Pressurization System 5-7
5.7 S-IC Pneumatic Control Pressure System 5-8
5.8 S-IC Purge Systems 5-8
5.9 S-IC POGO Suppression System 5-9
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
Section Page
6 S-II PROPULSION
6.1 Summary 6-I
6.2 S-II Chilldown and Buildup
Transient Performance 6-2
6-4
6.3 S-II Mainstage Performance
6.4 S-II Shutdown Transient Performance 6-8
6-8
6.5 S-II Stage Propellant Management
6.6 S-II Pressurization Systems 6-9
6.6.1 S-II Fuel Pressurization System 6-9
6.6,2 S-II LOX Pressurization System 6-11
6.7 S-II Pneumatic Control Pressure
6-13
Sys tern
6.8 S-II Helium Injection System 6-13
7 S-IVB PROPULSION
7-I
7.1 Summary
7.2 S-IVB Chilldown and Buildup Transient
Performance for First Burn 7-I
7.3 S-IVB Mainstage Performance for First
Burn 7-3
7.4 S-IVB Shutdown Transient Performance
for First Burn 7-5
7.5 S-IVB Parking Orbit Coast Phase
Condi ti oni ng 7-5
7.6 S-IVB Chilldown and Restart for
Second Burn 7-8
7.7 S-IVB Mainstage Performance for
Second Burn 7-12
7.8 S-IVB Shutdown Transient Performance
for Second Burn 7-12
7.9 S-IVB Stage Propellant Management 7-12
7.10 S-IVB Pressurization System 7-14
7.10.1 S-IVB Fuel Pressurization System 7-14
7.10.2 S-IVB LOX Pressurization System 7-19
TABLEOFCONTENTS(CONTINUED)
Section Page
7.11 S-IVB Pneumatic Control System 7-25
7.12 S-IVB Auxiliary Propulsion System 7-25
7.13 S-IVB Orbital Safing Operations 7-27
7.13.1 Fuel Tank Safing 7-27
7.13.2 LOXTank Dumpand Safing 7-27
7.13.3 Cold Helium Dump 7-29
7.13.4 Ambient Helium Dump 7-29
7.13.5 Stage Pneumatic Control Sphere Safing 7-29
7.13.6 Engine Start Sphere Safing 7-31
7.13.7 Engine Control Sphere Safing 7-31
8 HYDRAULICSYSTEMS
8.1 Summary 8-I
8.2 S-IC Hydraulic System 8-I
8.3 S-II Hydraulic System 8-I
8.4 S-IVB Hydraulic System 8-2
STRUCTURES
9.1 Summary 9-I
9.2 Total Vehicle Structures Evaluation 9-I
9.2.1 Longitudinal Loads 9-I
9.2.2 Bending Moments 9-2
9.2.3 Vehicle Dynamic Characteristics 9-3
9.2.3.1 Longitudinal Dynamic Characteristics 9-3
9,2.3.2 Lateral Dynamic Characteristics 9-12
I0 GUIDANCEANDNAVIGATION
10. 1 Summary I0-I
I0.I,I Flight Program I0-I
10.1.2 Instrument Unit Components I0-I
10.2 Guidance Comparisons I0-I
10.2.1 Late S-II Stage EMRShift 10-4
10.3 Navigation and Guidance Scheme
Evaluation 10-9
10.4 Guidance System ComponentEvaluation I0-I0
10.4.1 LVDCPerformance I0-I0
10.4.2 LVDAPerformance I0-I0
10.4.3 Ladder Outputs I0-I0
vi
TABLEOF CONTENTS(CONTINUED)
Secti on Page
I0.4.4 Telemetry Outputs I0-I0
10.4.5 Discrete Outputs I0-13
I0.4.6 Switch Selector Functions I0-13
10.4.7 ST-124M-3 Inertial Platform I0-14
II CONTROLSYSTEM
II .I Summary II-I
II .2 S-IC Control System Evaluation II-I
II ,2.1 Liftoff Clearances 11-2
II ,2.2 S-lC Flight Dynamics 11-2
II .3 S-II Control System Evaluation 11-6
II .4 S-IVB Control System Evaluation 11-13
II .4.1 Control System Evaluation During
First Burn 11-13
II ,4.2 Control System Evaluation During
Parking Orbit 11-13
II .4.3 Control System Evaluation During
Second Burn 11-14
II .4.4 Control System Evaluation After
S-IVB Second Burn 11-15
12 SEPARATION
12-I
12.1 Summary
12.2 S-IC/S-II Separation Evaluation 12-I
12.3 S-II/S-IVB Separation Evaluation 12-I
12.4 S-IVB/IU/LM/CSM Separation Evaluation 12-I
12.5 Lunar Module Docking and Ejection
Evaluation 12-2
13 ELECTRICALNETWORKS
13.1 Summary 13-I
13.2 S-IC Stage Electrical System 13-I
13.3 S-II Stage Electrical System 13-2
13.4 S-IVB Stage Electrical System 13-3
13.5 Instrument Unit Electrical System 13-6
14 RANGESAFETYANDCOMMANSDYSTEMS
14-I
14.1 Summary
14.2 Secure RangeSafety CommandSystems 14-I
vii
TABLEOF CONTENTS(CONTINUED)
Section Page
14.3 Commandand Communications System 14-I
15 EMERGENCDYETECTIONSYSTEM
15.1 Summary 15-I
15.2 System Evaluation 15-I
15.2.1 General Performance 15-I
15.2.2 Propulsion System Sensors 15-I
15.2.3 Flight Dynamics and Control Sensors 15-I
16 VEHICLEPRESSUREENVIRONMENT
16.1 Summary 16-I
16.2 Base Pressures 16-I
16.2,1 S-IC Base Pressures 16-I
16.2.2 S-II Base Pressures 16-I
16.3 Surface Pressure and Compartment Venting 16-5
16.3.1 S-IC Stage 16-5
16.3.2 S-II Stage 16-5
17 VEHICLETHERMALENVIRONMENT
17.1 Summary 17-I
17.2 S-IC Base Heating 17-I
17.3 S-II Base Region Environment 17-4
17.4 Vehicle Aeroheating Thermal Environment 17-7
17.4.1 S-IC Stage Aeroheating Environment 17-7
17.4.2 S-II Stage Aeroheating Environment 17-8
18 ENVIRONMENTACLONTROLSYSTEM
18.1 Summary 18-I
18.2 S-IC Environmental Control 18-I
18.3 S-II Environmental Control 18-2
18.4 IU Environmental Control 18-2
18.4.1 Thermal Conditioning System 18-2
18.4,2 Gas Bearing Supply System 18-7
19 DATASYSTEMS
19.1 Summary 19-I
19.2 Vehicle Measurement Evaluation 19-I
19.3 Airborne Tel emetry Systems 19-2
viii