Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design. Models of Innovative Design, Reasoning about Physical Systems, and Reasoning about Geometry

516 Pages·1992·9.586 MB·English

by  Christopher Tong (Eds.)

Artificial Intelligence
in Engineering Design
VOLUME II
MODELS OF INNOVATIVE DESIGN,
REASONING ABOUT PHYSICAL SYSTEMS,
AND REASONING ABOUT GEOMETRY
EDITED BY
CHRISTOPHER TONG
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
RUTGERS UNIVERSITY
NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY
DUVVURU SRIRAM
INTELLIGENT ENGINEERING SYSTEMS LABORATORY
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers
Boston San Diego New York
London Sydney Tokyo Toronto
This book is printed on acid-free paper. ©
Copyright © 1992 by Academic Press, Inc.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopy, recording, or any information storage
and retrieval system, without pemiission in writing from the publisher.
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
1250 Sixth Avenue
San Diego, CA 92101-4311
United Kingdom Edition published by
ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED
24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX
ISBN 0-12-660562-9
Printed in the United States of America
92 93 94 95 BB 9 87 654 321
C. TONG DEDICATES THIS EDITORIAL WORK TO
HEART-MASTER SRI DA AVABHASA,
WITH LOVE AND GRATITUDE
D. SRIRAM DEDICATES THIS EDITORIAL WORK TO
HIS GRANDMOTHERS SANJEEVAMMA AND NAGARATNAMMA,
WITH LOVE AND AFFECTION
Contents of Volume I
1. INTRODUCTION
C. Tong and D. Sriram
PART I: DESIGN REPRESENTATION
2. Representation and Control for the Evolution of VLSI Designs:
An Object-Oriented Approach
J. Gabbe and P. Subrahmanyam
3. Tools and Techniques for Conceptual Design
D. Serrano and D. Gossard
4. Automobile Transmission Design as a Constraint Satisfaction
Problem
B. Nadel and J. Lin
5. Design Compilers and the Labelled Interval Calculus
D. Boettner and A. Ward
6. Knowledge Representation for Design Creativity
J. Hodges, M. Flowers, and M. Dyer
PART II: MODELS OF ROUTINE DESIGN
7. Investigating Routine Design Problem Solving
D. Brown and B. Chandrasekaran
8. Design as Top-Down Refinement Plus Constraint Propagation
L. Steinberg
9. A Knowledge-Based Framework for Design
S. Mittal and A. Araya
10. BioSep Designer: A Process Synthesizer for Bioseparations
C. Siletti and G. Stephanopoulos
ix
X CONTENTS OF VOLUME I
11. VT: An Expert Elevator Designer That Uses Knowledge-Based
Backtracking
S. Marcus, J. Stout, andJ. McDermott
12. A Design Process Model
F. Brewer and D. Gajski
13. WRIGHT: A Constraint-Based Spatial Layout System
C. Baykan and M. Fox
14. Designer: A Knowledge-Based Graphic Design Assistant
L. Weitzman
Contents of Volume III
1. INTRODUCTION
C. Tong and D. Sriram
PART VI: KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION
2. A Knowledge Transfer Methodology in Selection of Mechanical Design Components
M. Waldron and K. Waldron
PART Vn: COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS
3. ESKIMO: An Expert System for Kodak Injection Molding
R. Gammons
4. Product and Forming Sequence Design for Cold Forging
K. Sevenler
5. An Open-Architecture Approach to Knowledge-Based CAD
D. Mishelevich, M. Katajamäki, T. Karras, A. Axworthy, H. Lehtimaki, A. Riitahuhta,
and R. Levitt
6. Knowledge-Based Engineering Design at Xerox
L. Heatley and W. Spear
PART VIII: INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTS
7. An Intelligent CAD System for Mechanical Design
N. Chao
8. The Expert Cost and Manufacturability Guide: A Customizable Expert System
P. London, B. Hankins, M. Sapossnek, and S. Luby
9. Engineous: A Unified Method for Design Automation, Optimization, and Integration
S. Tong, D. Powell, and D. Cornett
10. A Unified Architecture for Design and Manufacturing Integration
S. Kim
11. Dual Design Partners in an Incremental Redesign Environment
M. Silvestri
xi
xii CONTENTS OF VOLUME III
12. DICE: An Object-Oriented Programming Environment for Cooperative Engineering Design
D. Srirarn, R. Logcher, N. Groleau, andJ. Cherneff
PART IX: THE STATE OF THE FIELD
13. Creating a Scientific Community at the Interface Between Engineering Design and
AI: A Workshop Report
D. Steier
Contributors
Numbers in parentheses refer to the pages on which the authors’contributions begin.
RAMON D. ACOSTA (105), Intelligent Software Systems, Incorporated, Echelon 4, Suite 250,
9430 Research Boulevard, Austin, Texas 78759.
MICHAEL BARLEY (57), Department of Computer Science, Hill Center, Busch Campus, Rutgers
University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
HARRY G. BARROW (443), School of Cognitive and Computing Sciences, University of Sussex,
Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QH, England.
B. CHANDRASEKARAN (165), Department of Computer and Information Science, Ohio State
University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
MATHA FARINACCI (215), MITRE Corporation, Mail Stop W448,7525 Colshire Drive, McLean,
Virginia 22102.
MARK FOX (215), Department of Industrial Engineering, Computer Science, and Management Science,
University of Toronto, 4 Traddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4.
ASHOK K. GOEL (165), College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
30332.
MICHAEL N. HUHNS (105), Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation, Advanced
Computing Technology and V.L.S.I./C.A.D. Programs, 3500 West Balcones Center Drive, Austin,
Texas 78759.
INGMAR HULTHAGE (215), Computational Organization Design, Institute of Safety and Systems
Management, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0021.
LEO JOSKOWICZ (467), P.O. Box 704, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yoiktown Heights,
New Yoik 10598.
DAVID W. KNAPP (263), Department of Computer Science, 2413 D.C.L., 1304 West Springfield
Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801.
GLENN A. KRAMER (443), Schlumberger Laboratory for Computer Science, 8311 North R.R. 620,
P.O. Box 200015, Austin, Texas 78720-0015.
LAWRENCE LEFF (505), Department of Computer Science, Western Illinois University, 447 Stipes Hall,
Macomb, Illinois 61455.
JACK MOSTOW (57), Department of Computer Science, Hill Center, Busch Campus, Rutgers University,
New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
xiii
xiv CONTRIBUTORS
D. NAVINCHANDRA (145), Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania 15213.
GALE E. NEVILL, JR. (423), Department of Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville,
Florida 32611.
ALICE C. PARKER (263), Department of Electrical Engineering, Electrical Engineering Building 300,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-2562.
MICHAEL RYCHENER (215), 114 Stone Hedge Drive North, Greenwich, Connecticut 06831.
WARREN P. SEERING (185), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory,
Room NE43-835, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.
DUVVURU SRIRAM (1), Intelligent Engineering Systems Laboratory, 1-253, Department of Civil
Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
KATIA SYCARA (145), Robotics Institute, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213.
CHRISTOPHER TONG (1,287), Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick,
New Jersey 08903.
KARL T. ULRICH (185), Sloan School of Management, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Room
NE42-835, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.
TIMOTHY WEINRICH (57), Department of Computer Science, Hill Center, Busch Campus, Rutgers
University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
BRIAN WILLIAMS (335), Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto,
California 94304.
DAVID YUN (505), Department of Computer Science, University of Hawaii-Manoa, 2444 Dole Street,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822.
Preface
The three-volume collection, "Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design",
has been put together incrementally over the course of the last six years. Most of
the research efforts described herein are ongoing and thus chapters originally
written early on in the enterprise are still representative of the state of the field.
Some of these chapters additionally include updates that indicate the current
status of the work.
For a variety of reasons, the order of the editors’ names was chosen at random
and fixed to be the same for each of the three volumes. However, both editors
contributed equally to the making of all three volumes.
The editors would like to gratefully acknowledge the support and computa­
tional resources provided by the Computer Science Department of Rutgers
University and the Intelligent Engineering Systems Laboratory at ΜΓΓ, during
the making of this collection.
XV