Artificial Intelligence and Conservation PDF
Preview Artificial Intelligence and Conservation
ArtificialIntelligenceandConservation Withtheincreasingpublicinterestinartificialintelligence(AI),thereisalso increasinginterestinlearningaboutthebenefitsthatAIcandelivertosociety.This bookfocusesonresearchadvancesinAIthatbenefittheconservationofwildlife, forests,coralreefs,rivers,andothernaturalresources.Itpresentshowthejointefforts ofresearchersincomputerscience,ecology,economics,andpsychologyhelpaddress thegoalsoftheUnitedNations’2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment. WrittenatalevelaccessibletoconservationprofessionalsandAIresearchers,the bookoffersbothanoverviewofthefieldandanin-depthviewofhowAIisbeingused tounderstandpatternsinwildlifepoachingandtoenhancepatroleffortsinresponse, coveringresearchadvances,fieldtests,andreal-worlddeployments.Thebookalso featureseffortsinothermajorconservationdirections,includingprotectingnatural resources,ecosystemmonitoring,andbio-invasionmanagementthroughtheuseof gametheory,machinelearning,andoptimization. fei fangisAssistantProfessorofComputerScienceatCarnegieMellon University.HerworkhaswontheInnovativeApplicationAwardattheConferenceon InnovativeApplicationsofAIin2016andtheOutstandingPaperAwardin ComputationalSustainabilityTrackattheInternationalJointConferencesonAIin 2015. milind tambeisHelenN.andEmmettH.JonesProfessorofEngineeringand FoundingCo-DirectoroftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaCenterforArtificial IntelligenceinSociety.HehasreceivedtheIJCAIJohnMcCarthyAward,the ACM/SIGAIAutonomousAgentsResearchAward,theChristopherColumbus FellowshipFoundationHomelandSecurityAward,andtheINFORMSWagnerPrize inOperationsResearch.HeisafellowoftheAAAIandACM. bistra dilkinaisAssistantProfessorofComputerScienceandAssociate DirectoroftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaCenterforAIinSociety.Priorto that,shewasanassistantprofessoratGeorgiaTechandaco-directoroftheData ScienceforSocialGoodAtlantaprogram.ShehaspublishedattopAIconferencesas wellasinjournalssuchasConservationBiology. andrew j. plumptreisHeadoftheKeyBiodiversityAreasSecretariat, associatedwiththeConservationScienceGroupintheZoologyDepartmentat CambridgeUniversity.HepreviouslywastheWildlifeConservationSociety’ssenior scientistforAfricaandmanagedaregionalprogramofconservationintheAlbertine RiftthatsupportedconservationofsomeofAfrica’smostbiodiversesites. ArtificialIntelligenceforSocialGood generaleditors EricRice–UniversityofSouthernCalifornia MilindTambe–UniversityofSouthernCalifornia editorialboard JeffBrantingham–UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles MarkFox–UniversityofToronto CarlaGomes–CornellUniversity BarbaraGrosz–HarvardUniversity MichaelLittman–BrownUniversity DesmondPatton–ColumbiaUniversity AndrewPlumptre–UniversityofCambridge Artificialintelligencehasadiversityofapplications,manywithsocialbenefits.Books inthisserieswillofferamultidisciplinaryperspectiveontheseapplications,ranging fromsocialworktohealthcaretoenvironmentalsciences.Eachbookwillsurveythe AIapproachestoaparticularsocietalproblemandpromisingresearchdirections,with casestudyexamples. otherbooksinthisseries: MilindTambeandEricRice,eds.,ArtificialIntelligenceandSocialWork Artificial Intelligence and Conservation Editedby fei fang CarnegieMellonUniversity milind tambe UniversityofSouthernCalifornia bistra dilkina GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology andrew j. plumptre KeyBiodiversityAreasSecretariat UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,NY10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,VIC3207,Australia 314–321,3rdFloor,Plot3,SplendorForum,JasolaDistrictCentre, NewDelhi–110025,India 79AnsonRoad,#06–04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781316512920 DOI:10.1017/9781108587792 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2019 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2019 PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyClaysLtd,ElcografS.p.A. AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Fang,Fei,1989–editor. Title:Artificialintelligenceandconservation/editedbyFeiFang,CarnegieMellonUniversity, Pennsylvania,MilindTambe,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia,BistraDilkina,GeorgiaInstitute ofTechnology,AndrewJ.Plumptre,KeyBiodiversityAreasSecretariat. Description:Cambridge,UnitedKingdom;NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,2019.| Series:Artificialintelligenceforsocialgood|Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2018040979|ISBN9781316512920(hardback:alk.paper)| ISBN9781108464734(paperback:alk.paper) Subjects:LCSH:Wildlifeconservation–Technologicalinnovations.|Artificialintelligence. Classification:LCCQL82.A782019|DDC333.95/4–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2018040979 ISBN978-1-316-51292-0Hardback ISBN978-1-108-46473-4Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracy ofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Contents Contributors pagevii 1 Introduction 1 FeiFang,MilindTambe,BistraDilkina,andAndrewJ.Plumptre PARTI 15 2 LawEnforcementforWildlifeConservation 17 AndrewJ.Plumptre 3 WildlifePoachingForecastingBasedonRanger-Collected DataandEvaluationthroughFieldTests 29 ShahrzadGholami,BenjaminFord,DebarunKar,FeiFang, AndrewJ.Plumptre,MilindTambe,MargaretDriciru,FredWanyama, AggreyRwetsiba,MustaphaNsubuga,andJoshuaMabonga 4 OptimalPatrolPlanningAgainstBlack-BoxAttackers 57 HaifengXu,BenjaminFord,FeiFang,BistraDilkina, AndrewJ.Plumptre,MilindTambe,MargaretDriciru,FredWanyama, AggreyRwetsiba,MustaphaNsubuga,andJoshuaMabonga 5 AutomaticDetectionofPoachersandWildlife withUAVs 77 ElizabethBondi,FeiFang,MarkHamilton,DebarunKar, DonnabellDmello,VenilNoronha,JongmooChoi,RobertHannaford, ArvindIyer,LucasJoppa,MilindTambe,andRamNevatia PARTII 101 6 ProtectingCoralReefEcosystemsviaEfficientPatrols 103 YueYinandBoAn v vi Contents 7 SimultaneousOptimizationofStrategicandTactical PlanningforEnvironmentalSustainabilityand Security 118 SaraM.McCarthy,MilindTambe,ChristopherKiekintveld, MeredithL.Gore,andAlexKillion 8 NECTAR:EnforcingEnvironmentalCompliancethrough StrategicallyRandomizedFactoryInspections 136 BenjaminFord,MatthewBrown,AmulyaYadav,AmandeepSingh, AruneshSinha,BiplavSrivastava,ChristopherKiekintveld,and MilindTambe 9 ConnectingConservationResearchandImplementation: BuildingaWildfireAssistant 151 SeanMcGregor,RachelM.Houtman,RonaldMetoyer, andThomasG.Dietterich 10 ProbabilisticInferencewithGeneratingFunctions forAnimalPopulations 177 DanielSheldon,KevinWinner,andDeboraSujono 11 EngagingCitizenScientistsinDataCollection forConservation 194 YexiangXueandCarlaP.Gomes 12 Simulator-DefinedMarkovDecisionProcesses:ACase StudyinManagingBio-invasions 210 H.JoAlbers,ThomasG.Dietterich,KimHall,KatherineD.Lee, andMajidA.Taleghan Glossary 231 Index 235 Contributors H.JoAlbers UniversityofWyoming BoAn NanyangTechnologicalUniversity ElizabethBondi UniversityofSouthernCalifornia MatthewBrown UniversityofSouthernCalifornia JongmooChoi UniversityofSouthernCalifornia ThomasG.Dietterich OregonStateUniversity BistraDilkina UniversityofSouthernCalifornia MargaretDriciru UgandaWildlifeAuthority DonnabellDmello UniversityofSouthernCalifornia vii viii Contributors FeiFang CarnegieMellonUniversity BenjaminFord UniversityofSouthernCalifornia ShahrzadGholami UniversityofSouthernCalifornia CarlaP.Gomes CornellUniversity MeredithL.Gore MichiganStateUniversity KimHall OregonStateUniversity MarkHamilton Microsoft RobertHannaford AirShepherd RachelM.Houtman OregonStateUniversity ArvindIyer AirShepherd LucasJoppa Microsoft DebarunKar UniversityofSouthernCalifornia ChristopherKiekintveld UniversityofTexasatElPaso Contributors ix AlexKillion MichiganStateUniversity KatherineD.Lee UniversityofIdaho JoshuaMabonga WildlifeConservationSociety SaraM.McCarthy UniversityofSouthernCalifornia SeanMcGregor OregonStateUniversity RonaldMetoyer UniversityofNotreDame RamNevatia UniversityofSouthernCalifornia VenilNoronha UniversityofSouthernCalifornia MustaphaNsubuga WildlifeConservationSociety AndrewJ.Plumptre KeyBiodiversityAreasSecretariat AruneshSinha UniversityofMichigan AmandeepSingh WhartonBusinessSchool AggreyRwetsiba UgandaWildlifeAuthority
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