Arduino in Action

346 Pages·2013·15.6 MB·english

by  Martin Evans

IN ACTION
Martin Evans
Joshua Noble
Jordan Hochenbaum
M A N N I N G
www.it-ebooks.info
Arduino in Action
www.it-ebooks.info
www.it-ebooks.info
Arduino in Action
MARTIN EVANS
JOSHUA NOBLE
JORDAN HOCHENBAUM
MANNING
SHELTER ISLAND
www.it-ebooks.info
For online information and ordering of this and other Manning books, please visit
www.manning.com. The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in quantity.
For more information, please contact
Special Sales Department
Manning Publications Co.
20 Baldwin Road
PO Box 261
Shelter Island, NY 11964
Email: [email protected]
©2013 by Manning Publications Co. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in
any form or by means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise, without prior written
permission of the publisher.
Photographs in this book were created by Martin Evans and Jordan Hochenbaum, unless
otherwise noted. Illustrations were created by Martin Evans, Joshua Noble, and Jordan
Hochenbaum. Fritzing (fritzing.org) was used to create some of the circuit diagrams.
Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are
claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in the book, and Manning
Publications was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps
or all caps.
Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, it is Manning’s policy to have
the books we publish printed on acid-free paper, and we exert our best efforts to that end.
Recognizing also our responsibility to conserve the resources of our planet, Manning books
are printed on paper that is at least 15 percent recycled and processed without the use of
elemental chlorine.
Manning Publications Co. Development editor: Cynthia Kane
20 Baldwin Road Copyeditor: Andy Carroll
PO Box 261 Proofreader: Katie Tennant
Shelter Island, NY 11964 Typesetter: Dennis Dalinnik
Cover designer: Marija Tudor
ISBN: 9781617290244
Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 – MAL – 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
www.it-ebooks.info
brief contents
PART 1 GETTING STARTED. ......................................................1
1 ■ Hello Arduino 3
2 ■ Digital input and output 21
3 ■ Simple projects: input and output 41
PART 2 PUTTING ARDUINO TO WORK......................................59
4 ■ Extending Arduino 61
5 ■ Arduino in motion 81
6 ■ Object detection 114
7 ■ LCD displays 129
8 ■ Communications 152
9 ■ Game on 188
10 ■ Integrating the Arduino with iOS 216
11 ■ Making wearables 244
12 ■ Adding shields 261
13 ■ Software integration 278
v
www.it-ebooks.info
www.it-ebooks.info
contents
preface xv
acknowledgments xvii
about this book xix
about the cover illustration xxii
PART 1 GETTING STARTED. ...........................................1
1 Hello Arduino 3
1.1 A brief history of the Arduino 4
1.2 The Arduino hardware 5
Arduino Uno 5 ■ Arduino Duemilanove 5
Arduino Ethernet 6 ■ Arduino Mega 6
Other Arduino boards 7 ■ Attack of the clones 8
Getting an Arduino 9
1.3 Setting up your working environment 10
Software for Arduino 10 ■ Basic hardware setup 10
Your Arduino toolbox 11
1.4 Make something happen! 11
Your first blinking LED 11 ■ Sketch to make an LED blink 12
Connecting everything 12 ■ Uploading and testing 13
vii
www.it-ebooks.info
viii CONTENTS
1.5 Touring the IDE 14
The main editor 14 ■ Serial monitor 15 ■ Catching errors 16
Process 16
1.6 Anatomy of a sketch 17
A routine called setup 17 ■ The endless loop 18
1.7 Commenting code 18
1.8 Summary 20
2 Digital input and output 21
2.1 Getting started 21
Using a breadboard 22 ■ Circuit diagram 22
Adding the LEDs 24 ■ Connecting the hardware 24
Sketch to flash five LEDs 25 ■ Upload and test 27
2.2 Gaining control 27
Circuit diagram 27 ■ Connections 28
Interrupts butting in 29 ■ Sketch to control the LEDs with
a push button 30 ■ Upload and test 32 ■ Time for a break 32
Upload and test 33
2.3 Reaction tester 33
Circuit diagram 33 ■ Connections 33 ■ Sketch to test
reaction speed 33 ■ Upload and test 36
2.4 Reactometer: Who really has the fastest
reaction time? 37
Sketch to measure reaction speed 37 ■ Upload and test 38
2.5 Summary 39
3 Simple projects: input and output 41
3.1 Time to get analog 42
What’s the difference between analog and digital? 42
Reading a potentiometer 43 ■ Connecting the hardware 43
Sketch to read a potentiometer 44 ■ Upload and test 45
3.2 A piezoelectric transducer 46
The circuit diagram 47 ■ Connecting the hardware 48
Sketch to measure output from a piezoelectric transducer 49
Upload and test 51 ■ Circuit with added speaker 51
Connecting the hardware 51 ■ Sketch to generate a tone 53
Upload and test 53
www.it-ebooks.info
CONTENTS ix
3.3 Making a pentatonic or five-tone keyboard 54
Circuit diagram 54 ■ Connecting the hardware 54
Sketch to create a pentatonic keyboard 56 ■ Upload and test 57
3.4 Summary 58
PART 2 PUTTING ARDUINO TO WORK ..........................59
4 Extending Arduino 61
4.1 Extending the Arduino with libraries 62
4.2 Core library 62
4.3 Standard libraries 63
Test-driven development with ArduinoTestSuite 63
Storing values using EEPROM 64 ■ Storing more data
with SD 65 ■ Get connected with Ethernet 67
Serial communication with Firmata 68 ■ Displaying data
using the LiquidCrystal library 69 ■ Controlling
a servo motor 70 ■ Turning a stepper motor 70
Communicating with SPI peripherals 71
Communicating with the two-wire interface 72
Get more serial ports with SoftwareSerial 74
4.4 Contributed libraries 75
Installing a new library 76
4.5 Expanding the Arduino with shields 76
Common shields 77 ■ Gotchas: will it work
with my Arduino? 80
4.6 Summary 80
5 Arduino in motion 81
5.1 Getting up to speed with DC motors 82
Stopping and starting 83 ■ Sketch to turn a small DC motor
on and off 84 ■ Connecting the hardware 84
Upload and test 86
5.2 Speed control and reverse 87
PWM to the rescue 87 ■ The H-bridge for motor control 89
The L293D dual H driver 90 ■ Connecting the hardware 91
Sketch to control a motor with an L293D 92
Upload and test 93 ■ Changing motor speed 93
Upload and test 94
www.it-ebooks.info