Architecture since 1400

536 Pages·2014·40.857 MB·English

by  James-Chakraborty, Kathleen

ARCHITECTURE SINCE 1400

ARCHITECTURE SINCE 1400
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Kathleen James-Chakraborty
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA PRESS
MINNEAPOLIS • LONDON
This book is published with assistance from the
Margaret S. Harding Memorial Endowment honoring the
first director of the University of Minnesota Press.
Frontispiece:Interior, Diwan-i-Khas, Fatehpur Sikri, India.
For information on the illustrations in this book, see pages 489–97.
Unless otherwise credited, architectural plans were drawn by Neil Christianson.
Every effort was made to obtain permission to reproduce material in this book.
If any proper acknowledgment has not been included here, we encourage
copyright holders to notify the publisher.
Copyright 2014 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the
prior written permission of the publisher.
Published by the University of Minnesota Press
111 Third Avenue South, Suite 290
Minneapolis, MN 55401-2520
http://www.upress.umn.edu
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
James-Chakraborty, Kathleen, 1960–
Architecture since 1400 / Kathleen James-Chakraborty. Includes bibliographical
references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8166-7396-4 (hc) — ISBN 978-0-8166-7397-1 (pb)
1. Architecture—History. 2. Architecture and society—History. I. Title.
NA200.J36 2014
720.9—dc23
2013032562
Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper
The University of Minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer.
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For
Shomik
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CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
INTRODUCTION xi
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1 Ming and Qing China 1
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2 Tenochtitlán and Cuzco 16
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3 Brunelleschi 30
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4 Medici Florence 44
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5 The Renaissance in Rome and the Veneto 61
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6 Resisting the Renaissance 75
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7 The Ottomans and the Safavids 92
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8 Early Modern South Asia 109
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9 Baroque Rome 125
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10 Spain and Portugal in the Americas 141
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11 Northern Baroque 157
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12 City and Country in Britain and Ireland 173
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13 Living on the North American Land 191
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14 Court and Dwelling in East and Southeast Asia 208
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15 Edo Japan 221
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16 Neoclassicism, the Gothic Revival, and the Civic Realm 237
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17 The Industrial Revolution 255
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18 Paris in the Nineteenth Century 273
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19 The Domestic Ideal 290
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20 Empire Building 307
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21 Chicago from the Great Fire to the Great War 323
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22 Inventing the Avant-Garde 342
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23 Architecture for a Mass Audience 359
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24 Imposing Urban Order 374
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25 The Modern Movement in the Americas 391
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26 Africa: Villages and Cities 411
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27 Postcolonial Modernism and Beyond 424
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28 Postwar Japan 439
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29 From Postmodern to Neomodern: The United States and Europe 456
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30 Chinese Global Cities 472
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS 489
INDEX 499
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Like a three-legged stool, this book rests on a triad of experiences.
The first was my education at the University of Pennsylvania between 1985 and
1990. There a stellar team of architectural historians insisted that the architecture
of the entire world, not just Europe and the United States, mattered. In particular,
Renata Holod challenged us to consider colonial architecture and postcolonial the-
ory as integral to our study of the architecture and ideas of the past two centuries.
The second is my experience teaching architectural history. My former colleagues,
teaching assistants, and students will recognize the debt this book owes to Archi-
tecture 170B at the University of California, Berkeley, which I team taught with
Stephen Tobriner, Dell Upton, and Andrew Shanken. I was fortunate that an excep -
tionally talented group of graduate student teaching assistants kept me abreast of the
issues Holod had raised for me at Penn. More recently, teaching Courts and Court
Cultures at University College Dublin helped me to sharpen my arguments about
the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Finally, my marriage to Sumit Chakraborty and the birth of our son, Shomik,
shifted my personal as well as my professional perspective as I began to spend more
time in Europe and Asia.
Along the way I accrued many debts. The most important are to my friend Eliza -
beth Byrne, the former head of the Environmental Design Library at Berkeley; to my
research assistant Yishi Liu (paid by the Committee for Research at the University
of California, Berkeley); to my editor at the University of Minnesota Press, Pieter
Martin, and to Kristian Tvedten, Mackenzie Cramblit, Etta Berkland, Gwendolyn
Hoberg, and, above all, Neil Christianson, who assembled the illustrations (always as
challenging a task as writing the text!); and to my first readers, Catherine Asher, Carol
Krinsky, Nancy Steinhardt, and a very thoughtful anonymous reviewer. Through a
grant to research Louis Kahn, the Graham Foundation funded my travel to Modena,
Italy, and to Japan. Finally, I must thank the many friends and friends of friends
who contributed illustrations.
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