Arabic Grammar of the Written Language

480 Pages·2016·31.87 MB·English

by  Harder Ernst

METHOD GASPEY-OTTO-SAUER.
GRAMMAR
ARABIC
OF THE WRITTEN LANGUAGE
REV. G. W. THATCHER, M. A., A. D.
WARDENOFCAMDENCOLLEGE.SYDNEY,NEWSOUTHWALES,AUSTRALIA.
FORMERLYSENIORTUTOR,MANSFIELDCOLLEGE, OXFORD.
SECOND EDITION.
LONDON.
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JULIUS GROOS.
1922.
The Gasper-Otto-Saner Methodhasbecome my sole property by
ersipgehctiaolflyputrhcohsaeseo.faTdhaepstaetiboonokasndarteracnoslnattiinounalilnytorevainsyed.lanAglulagrei,ghatrs,e
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B . . --
j]
Ill
Preface.
During the last ten years ofmy teachingofArabic
I have often found that my pupils had received much
help from Harder's Arabic Grammar1, and have been
asked whether there was a similar work in English.
When I was asked by thefirm ofJulius Groos to write
such a work using Harder to any extent, I gladly
consented, and trust this Grammar may be useful to
many students of Arabic, who cannot read German.
The present work is a grammar of Arabic as it
has been and is written. The spoken language varies
in Arabia, Egypt, Syria, Morocco etc. but the written
language is the same for all; the chief difference
between the modern and ancient literature consisting
in the introduction of new words to meet the require-
ments of advanced knowledge. ,
Each lesson should be thoroughly mastered before
the next is studied. Each exercise should be carefully
worked and compared with the key.
In the supplement only a few extracts from older
books are given, as theKoran and other works ofthis
class can easily be obtained. Special attentionisgiven
on the other hand to selection from modern novels,
journals and correspondence.
To those who wish to study the grammar of the
classical Arabic further I would recommend the last
1 Arabische Konversations-Grammatik mit beeonderer Be-
rQcksichtigung der Schriftaprache vonErnstHarder. Heidelberg,
Julius GrooB, 1898.
2G11C
IV Preface.
edition of Wright's Arabic Grammar published by the
Cambridge University Press.
The various styles of Arabic handwriting niaj" be
studied in the Specimens d'ecritures Arabes (with key)
published at the Imprimerie Catholique in Beyrouth.
A handyguide to Arabicliterature is M. C. Stuart's
"Arabic Literature" London 1903.
Sydney (New South Wales), September 1910.
G. W. Thatcher.
Table of Contents.
Pamges
Preface
Introduction *
Alphabet1. Pronunciation4. ClassificationofLetters4.
Vowels5. Nunation7. Sukfln8. Tashdld8. Hamza9.
Madda 13. Syllable 14. Accent 15. Numerals 15.
Abbreviations 16.
Exercises in reading 17
First Part.
Lesson 1. Article 23
2. Feminine. Collectives 25
3. Number 29
4. Broken Plural . 33
6. Broken Plural 36
6. Declension. Genitive 40
7. Genitive (continued) 44
8. Pronominal Suffixes 49
* 9. Demonstrative Pronouns 53
10. Adjectives 57
> 11. Verb 61
12. Verb with suffixes 67
13. Imperfect 71
14. Moods ofImperfect 76
15. Jussive 80
16. Imperative. Present Participle. Verbal Noun. 84
=. G2 sc
17. Passive. Particles ,..t, ,..t and ,.,i - 89
VI Table of Contents.
Pages
Lesson 18. Derived Forms of Verb 94
19. II. III. and IV. Forms .100
20. V. and VI. Forms 107
21. VII. and Vm. Forms Ill
22. IX. and X. Forms 116
...
28. Classification of Verbs. Doubled Verbs 121
24. Hamzated Verbs 129
25. Hamzated Verbs 136
26. Weak Verbs. A. Assimilated verbs .... 143
27. Weak Verbs. B. Hollow verbs 151
28. Weak Verbs. C. Defective verbs 167
29. Doubly Weak Verbs 184
80. Quadriliteral Verbs. Verbsofwonder. Optative.
Theverbs
o , plo, Ji, jJo, yX and its sisters . . 193
81. Relative sentences 202
32. Numerals. Dates. Age 210
33. Numerals (Ordinals) 225
Second Part.
Lesson 34. Noun 233
35. Nouns ofPlace and Time, Instrument, Dimi-
nutive . . . , . . 240
36. Relative Adjective. Adjectives 244
37. Proper names 249
38. Feminine 251
39. Number. Broken Plurals 256
40. Broken Plurals (continued) 268
41. Declension ofNoun 274
42. Use of Cases. Emphasis. Permutative . . 278
43. Pronouns 287
44. Prepositions . 290
45. Adverbs . . 305