Aquinas, Aristotle, and the Promise of the Common Good PDF
Preview Aquinas, Aristotle, and the Promise of the Common Good
P1: JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521 86473 9 Printer:cupusbw June 27, 2006 9:48 This page intentionally left blank ii P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 Aquinas,Aristotle,andthePromiseoftheCommonGood Aquinas,Aristotle,andthePromiseoftheCommonGoodclaimsthatcon- temporary theory and practice have much to gain from engaging Aquinas’snormativeconceptofthecommongoodandhiswayofrec- onciling religion, philosophy, and politics. Examining the relation- shipbetweenpersonalandcommongoods,andtherelationofvirtue and law to both, Mary M. Keys shows why Aquinas should be read inadditiontoAristotleontheseperennialquestions.Shefocuseson Aquinas’s Commentaries as mediating statements between Aristotle’s NicomacheanEthicsandPoliticsandAquinas’sSummaTheologiae,show- ing how this serves as the missing link for grasping Aquinas’s understandingofAristotle’sthoughtinrelationtoAquinas’sowncon- sideredviews.KeysarguesprovocativelythatAquinas’sChristianfaith opensupnewpanoramasandpossibilitiesforphilosophicalinquiry and insights into ethics and politics. Her book shows how religious faithcanassistsoundphilosophicalinquiryintothefoundationsand properpurposesofsocietyandpolitics. MaryM.KeysisassociateprofessorofpoliticalscienceattheUniver- sity of Notre Dame. She has received fellowships from the Erasmus InstituteattheUniversityofNotreDame;theMartinMartyCenterfor AdvancedStudyofReligionattheUniversityofChicago,theEarhart Foundation,andtheGeorgeStrakeFoundation,amongothers.Most recently,shehasbeenawardedafellowshipfromtheNationalEndow- mentfortheHumanitiesforresearchon“HumilityandModernPol- itics”in2006–7.HerarticleshaveappearedintheAmericanJournalof PoliticalScienceandHistoryofPoliticalThought. i P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 ii P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 Aquinas, Aristotle, and the Promise of the Common Good MARY M. KEYS UniversityofNotreDame iii cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press TheEdinburghBuilding,Cambridgecb22ru,UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521864732 ©MaryM.Keys2006 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionof relevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplace withoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublishedinprintformat 2006 isbn-13 978-0-511-25658-5eBook(EBL) isbn-10 0-511-25658-2 eBook(EBL) isbn-13 978-0-521-86473-2hardback isbn-10 0-521-86473-9 hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyofurls forexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication,anddoesnot guaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 To MyTeachers, EspeciallyMyParents v P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 vi P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 Contents Acknowledgments page xi part i: virtue, law, and the problem of the common good 1 WhyAquinas?ReconsideringandReconceivingthe CommonGood 3 1.1 ThePromiseandProblemoftheCommonGood:Contemporary ExperienceandClassicalArticulation 5 1.2 WhyAquinas?CentralityoftheConceptandFocusonFoundations 15 1.3 AnOverviewoftheArgumentbyPartsandChapters 21 2 ContemporaryResponsestotheProblemoftheCommon Good:ThreeAnglo-AmericanTheories 29 2.1 LiberalDeontologism:ContractarianCommonGoodsinRawls’s TheoryofJustice 32 2.2 CommunitarianismorCivicRepublicanism:Sandelagainst Commonsense“Otherness” 41 2.3 AThirdWay?GalstonontheCommonGoodsofLiberalPluralism 48 part ii: aquinas’s social and civic foundations 3 UnearthingandAppropriatingAristotle’sFoundations: FromThreeAnglo-AmericanTheoristsBacktoThomas Aquinas 59 3.1 AristotelianismandPolitical-PhilosophicFoundations,OldandNew 59 3.2 Aristotle’sThreePolitical-PhilosophicFoundationsinThomas Aquinas’sThought 63 3.3 TheFirstFoundationandAquinas’sCommentary:Human Natureas“PoliticalandSocial”inPoliticsI 67 vii P1:JPJ 0521864739pre CUNY445B/Keys 0521864739 Printer:cupusbw June27,2006 9:48 viii Contents 4 ReinforcingtheFoundations:AquinasontheProblemof PoliticalVirtueandRegime-CenteredPoliticalScience 87 4.1 TheSecondFoundationandAquinas’sCommentary:Human BeingsandCitizensinPoliticsIII 89 4.2 FaultsintheFoundations:TheUncommentedPoliticsandthe ProblemofRegimeParticularity 99 4.3 PoliticsPointingbeyondthePolisandthePoliteia:Aquinas’sNew Foundations 102 5 FinishingtheFoundationsandBeginningtoBuild: AquinasonHumanActionandExcellenceasSocial, Civic,andReligious 116 5.1 Community,CommonGood,andGoodnessofWill 118 5.2 NaturalSociabilityandtheExtensionoftheHumanAct 124 5.3 CardinalVirtuesasSocialandCivicVirtues–withaDivine Exemplar 130 part iii: moral virtues at the nexus of personal and common goods 6 RemodelingtheMoralEdifice(I):Aquinasand AristotelianMagnanimity 143 6.1 AristotleonMagnanimityasVirtue 144 6.2 Aquinas’sCommentaryontheMagnanimityofthe NicomacheanEthics 147 6.3 TheSummaTheologiaeonMagnanimityandSome“Virtuesof AcknowledgedDependence” 153 7 RemodelingtheMoralEdifice(II):Aquinasand AristotelianLegalJustice 173 7.1 AristotleonLegalJustice 175 7.2 Aquinas’sCommentaryonLegalJusticeintheNicomachean Ethics 179 7.3 LegalJusticeandNaturalLawintheSummaTheologiae 185 part iv: politics, human law, and transpolitical virtue 8 Aquinas’sTwoPedagogies:HumanLawandtheGoodof MoralVirtue 203 8.1 Aquinas’sNegativeNarrative,orHowLawCanCurbMoralVice 205 8.2 BeyondReformSchool:Law’sPositivePedagogyAccordingto Aquinas 208 8.3 UniversalityandParticularity,LawandLiberty 216 8.4 ThomisticLegalPedagogyandLiberal-DemocraticPolities 223
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