aquaculture principles and practices second edition

641 Pages·2009·9.93 MB·English

AQUACULTURE
PRINCIPLES
AND
PRACTICES
Cage farm of the Svanoy Foundation at Svanoy,Norway (photograph:Ola Sveen).
An aerial view of the fish farm complex of the Fish Culture Research Institute at Szarvas,Hungary
(courtesy of Ferrence Müller).

AQUACULTURE
PRINCIPLES
AND
PRACTICES
SECOND EDITION
T. V. R. PILLAY
Former Programme Director
Aquaculture Development and Coordination Programme
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Rome,Italy
and
M. N. KUTTY
Former FAO/NACA Aquaculture Expert and
Former Dean and Professor of Fisheries
Tamil Nadu Aquacultural University
Tamil Nadu,India
© 2005 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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First Edition published 1990 by Fishing News Books,an imprint of Blackwell Science Ltd
Reissued in paperback 1993
Reprinted 1995,1996,1999,2001
Second Edition published 2005 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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ISBN-10:1-4051-0532-1
ISBN-13:978-1-4051-0532-3
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This book is dedicated to the memory of the late Dr Sunder Lal Hora,who introduced the senior
author to aquaculture and with whom he wrote his first book on the subject,and to the Svanoy
Foundation of Norway,who encouraged him to write this book during his association with them.
Dr T.V.R.Pillay passed away on 9 February 2005 at Bangalore.He worked,almost until the last
day,to complete the revision of this book.I would like to believe that this edition will serve as
a fitting memorial to Dr Pillay and his illustrious career in global aquaculture development.
MNK

Contents
Preface,xiv 4.2 Land-based farms – conflicts,30
4.2.1 Soil characteristics,30
Acknowledgements,xvi 4.2.2 Acid sulphate soils,32
4.3 Open-water farms,34
4.4 Water quantity and quality,34
Part I Principles of
4.5 Sources of pollution and user conflicts,
Aquaculture, 1 36
4.6 Environmental impact assessment,39
4.7 Social aspects of site selection and
1 Basis of Aquaculture,3 management,40
1.1 Scope and definition,3 4.8 Legal empowerment and licensing of
1.2 Cultural and socio-economic basis,3 farms,41
1.3 Biological and technological basis,4 4.9 References,41
1.4 Role in fishery management,5
1.5 References,6
5 Selection of Species for Culture,43
5.1 Biological characteristics of aquaculture
2 History of Aquaculture and its Present State,7
species,44
2.1 Origins and growth of aquaculture,7
5.2 Economic and market considerations,45
2.2 Present state of aquaculture,9
5.3 Introduction of exotic species,46
2.3 References,13
5.4 Common aquaculture species,48
5.5 References,55
3 National Planning of Aquaculture
Development,14
3.1 National priorities and aquaculture 6 Design and Construction of Aquafarms,56
development,15 6.1 Inland and coastal pond farms,56
3.2 National resources,15 6.1.1 Data for pond farm design,56
3.3 Technology and human resources,19 6.1.2 Design and construction of pond
3.4 Legal and environmental factors,19 farms,61
3.5 Organization of aquaculture,21 6.2 Tank and raceway farms,77
3.5.1 Stakeholder participation,21 6.2.1 Tank farms,77
3.5.2 Employment opportunities,22 6.2.2 Raceway farms,82
3.5.3 Industrial-scale aquaculture,22 6.3 Cage farms,84
3.5.4 Investment requirements,23 6.3.1 Types of cages and layout of cage
3.5.5 Plan reviews and revisions,23 farms,84
3.6 Aquaculture for rural development,23 6.3.2 Submersible cages and cage
3.7 Aquaculture for social benefit,24 maintenance,87
3.7.1 Participation of the local 6.4 Pens and enclosures,90
community,24 6.5 Design and construction of hatcheries,
3.8 References,25 91
6.5.1 Source and supply of water,93
4 Selection of Sites for Aquaculture,27 6.5.2 Reconditioning and recirculation
4.1 General considerations,27 of water,94
ix