Apress - Practical Arduino (December 2009) (ATTiCA)

445 Pages·2009·9.29 MB·English

CYAN YELLOW
MAGENTA BLACK
PANTONE 123 C
Practical Arduino Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION™
P
r
T a
his book was written to demonstrate a variety of Arduino techniques in a practical
c Practical
context, giving you an opportunity to learn how the theory and reference material
already available online applies to real-world projects. t
If you’ve come as far as picking up a whole book about Arduino, you’re ready for i
c
something more substantial than assembly instructions. You don’t want a simple series
of steps to follow: you want to understand not just how to assemble something, but why a Arduino
it was designed that way in the first place. That’s what this book will give you: you won’t
l
just be a color-by-numbers painter; you’ll learn to be a true hardware craftsman and artist,
able to conceptualize, design, and assemble your own creations. A
We want you to take these projects as inspiration and examples of applying a variety
of handy techniques and then adapt them to suit your own requirements, coming up r
with inspiration and new ideas that put ours to shame. And we hope that you’ll then
d
share your creations with us and with the world, inspiring others in turn. By following
through the projects in this book, you will gain a number of insights into the flexibility of
Arduino as a platform for taking software and hardware and linking them to the physical u
Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
world around us.
i
n
o
LEARN IN-DEPTH ARDUINO
Also available: TECHNIQUES USING
REAL-WORLD PROJECTS
B
l
e
m
ISBN 978-1-4302-2477-8 US $39.99 inOx
53999 ge
Shelve in Hardware sr
User level: Beginning–Advanced Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
SOURCE CODE ONLINE
9 781430 224778 www.apress.com
this print for content only—size & color not accurate trim size = 7.5" x 9.25" spine = 0.859" 448 page count
CYAN YELLOW
MAGENTA BLACK
PANTONE 123 C
Practical Arduino Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION™
P
r
T a
his book was written to demonstrate a variety of Arduino techniques in a practical
c Practical
context, giving you an opportunity to learn how the theory and reference material
already available online applies to real-world projects. t
If you’ve come as far as picking up a whole book about Arduino, you’re ready for i
c
something more substantial than assembly instructions. You don’t want a simple series
of steps to follow: you want to understand not just how to assemble something, but why a Arduino
it was designed that way in the first place. That’s what this book will give you: you won’t
l
just be a color-by-numbers painter; you’ll learn to be a true hardware craftsman and artist,
able to conceptualize, design, and assemble your own creations. A
We want you to take these projects as inspiration and examples of applying a variety
of handy techniques and then adapt them to suit your own requirements, coming up r
with inspiration and new ideas that put ours to shame. And we hope that you’ll then
d
share your creations with us and with the world, inspiring others in turn. By following
through the projects in this book, you will gain a number of insights into the flexibility of
Arduino as a platform for taking software and hardware and linking them to the physical u
Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
world around us.
i
n
o
LEARN IN-DEPTH ARDUINO
Also available: TECHNIQUES USING
REAL-WORLD PROJECTS
B
l
e
m
ISBN 978-1-4302-2477-8 US $39.99 inOx
53999 ge
Shelve in Hardware sr
User level: Beginning–Advanced Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
SOURCE CODE ONLINE
9 781430 224778 www.apress.com
this print for content only—size & color not accurate trim size = 7.5" x 9.25" spine = 0.859" 448 page count
Practical Arduino
Cool Projects for
Open Source Hardware

(cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:132)
Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
Practical Arduino: Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
Copyright © 2009 by Jonathan Oxer and Hugh Blemings
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or
retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.
ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-2477-8
ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2478-5
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every
occurrence of a trademarked name, we use the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of
the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.
Cover picture of Arduino Duemilanove used with permission of SparkFun Electronics.
President and Publisher: Paul Manning
Lead Editor: Michelle Lowman
Technical Reviewers: Nathan Seidle, Andy Gelme, Thomas Sprinkmeier, Trent Lloyd, Scott
Penrose, Marc Alexander, Philip Lindsay
Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell,
Jonathan Gennick, Jonathan Hassell, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Duncan Parkes,
Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann, Douglas Pundick, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft,
Matt Wade, Tom Welsh
Coordinating Editor: Jim Markham
Copy Editor: Vanessa Moore
Compositor: Bytheway Publishing Services
Indexer: Julie Grady
Artist: April Milne
Cover Designer: Kurt Krames
Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 233 Spring Street, 6th
Floor, New York, NY 10013. Phone 1-800-SPRINGER, fax [phone], e-mail orders-ny@springer-
sbm.com, or visit http://www.springeronline.com.
For information on translations, please contact Apress directly at 2855 Telegraph Avenue, Suite 600,
Berkeley, CA 94705. Phone [phone], fax [phone], e-mail [email protected], or visit
http://www.apress.com.
Apress and friends of ED books may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional
use. eBook versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our
Special Bulk Sales–eBook Licensing web page at http://www.apress.com/info/bulksales.
The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. Although every
precaution has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have
any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused
directly or indirectly by the information contained in this work.
The source code for this book is available to readers at http://www.apress.com.
For everyone who looks at the everyday objects around them and sees the potential of what they could
become.
ii
Contents at a Glance
(cid:132) Contents at a Glance..............................................................................................iv
(cid:132) Contents..................................................................................................................v
(cid:132) About the Authors................................................................................................xvi
(cid:132) About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xvii
(cid:132) Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xix
(cid:132) Introduction..........................................................................................................xx
(cid:132) Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................................................1
(cid:132) Chapter 2: Appliance Remote Control...................................................................17
(cid:132) Chapter 3: Time-Lapse Camera Controller............................................................37
(cid:132) Chapter 4: Virtual USB Keyboard..........................................................................51
(cid:132) Chapter 5: PS/2 Keyboard or Mouse Input...........................................................63
(cid:132) Chapter 6: Security/Automation Sensors.............................................................81
(cid:132) Chapter 7: Online Thermometer..........................................................................101
(cid:132) Chapter 8: Touch Control Panel..........................................................................121
(cid:132) Chapter 9: Speech Synthesizer...........................................................................139
(cid:132) Chapter 10: Water Flow Gauge...........................................................................163
(cid:132) Chapter 11: Oscilloscope/Logic Analyzer...........................................................185
(cid:132) Chapter 12: Water Tank Depth Sensor................................................................209
(cid:132) Chapter 13: Weather Station Receiver................................................................239
(cid:132) Chapter 14: RFID Access Control System...........................................................269
(cid:132) Chapter 15: Vehicle Telemetry Platform.............................................................295
(cid:132) Chapter 16: Resources........................................................................................383
(cid:132) Index...................................................................................................................405
iv
Contents
(cid:132) Contents at a Glance..............................................................................................iv
(cid:132) Contents..................................................................................................................v
(cid:132) About the Authors................................................................................................xvi
(cid:132) About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xvii
(cid:132) Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xix
(cid:132) Introduction..........................................................................................................xx
(cid:132) Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................................................1
Fundamentals....................................................................................................................1
Sharing Your Work.............................................................................................................1
Practical Electronics for Software Developers..................................................................1
Current, Voltage, and Power.....................................................................................................................2
Mains Is Nasty..........................................................................................................................................2
Reading Schematics.................................................................................................................................3
Resistance and Resistors.........................................................................................................................6
Ohm’s Law and Current Limiting..............................................................................................................7
Choosing Wire...........................................................................................................................................8
Diodes.......................................................................................................................................................8
Power Supplies.........................................................................................................................................9
USB Power...........................................................................................................................................9
Batteries............................................................................................................................................10
Wall Warts/Plugpacks........................................................................................................................11
v
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Capacitance and Capacitors...................................................................................................................11
Fundamentals....................................................................................................................................11
Capacitor Types.................................................................................................................................12
Power Supply Bypass........................................................................................................................13
ESD Precautions.....................................................................................................................................13
Tools.......................................................................................................................................................13
Parts.......................................................................................................................................................14
Further Reading......................................................................................................................................15
(cid:132) Chapter 2: Appliance Remote Control...................................................................17
Parts Required.................................................................................................................17
Instructions......................................................................................................................19
Test and Investigate Appliance Remote.................................................................................................19
Assemble Reed Relay Shield..................................................................................................................21
Connect Reed Relay Shield to Remote Control.......................................................................................25
Create Reed Relay Control Program.......................................................................................................27
ApplianceRemoteControl...................................................................................................................27
ApplianceRemoteControlCompact.....................................................................................................30
Test Reed Relay Shield and Sketch........................................................................................................32
Variations.........................................................................................................................34
Wireless Link..........................................................................................................................................34
Automatic Trigger...................................................................................................................................34
Socket Connections................................................................................................................................35
(cid:132) Chapter 3: Time-Lapse Camera Controller............................................................37
Parts Required.................................................................................................................37
Instructions......................................................................................................................39
Assemble Prototyping Shield..................................................................................................................39
Connect Camera Shutter Release...........................................................................................................39
Remote Shutter Release Connector...................................................................................................40
vi
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Infrared Remote Control....................................................................................................................42
Modify Camera..................................................................................................................................43
Configure Camera...................................................................................................................................44
Calculate Photo Interval..........................................................................................................................44
Configure and Load Sketch....................................................................................................................44
Check Memory Capacity.........................................................................................................................48
Set Up Your Shoot...................................................................................................................................48
Process the Images................................................................................................................................48
Linux..................................................................................................................................................48
Windows............................................................................................................................................48
Macintosh..........................................................................................................................................49
Variations.........................................................................................................................49
(cid:132) Chapter 4: Virtual USB Keyboard..........................................................................51
Parts Required.................................................................................................................51
Instructions......................................................................................................................53
Populate Prototyping Shield...................................................................................................................53
Prepare the UsbKeyboard Library...........................................................................................................56
Compile and Upload Sketch....................................................................................................................57
Variations.........................................................................................................................61
Chording Keyboard.................................................................................................................................61
(cid:132) Chapter 5: PS/2 Keyboard or Mouse Input...........................................................63
Parts Required.................................................................................................................63
Instructions......................................................................................................................64
PS/2 Connections...................................................................................................................................65
Recycled 6-Pin Mini-DIN Sockets...........................................................................................................66
6-Pin Mini-DIN Panel Sockets................................................................................................................67
PS/2 Extension Cable..............................................................................................................................69
Keyboard Software.................................................................................................................................73
vii
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Mouse Software.....................................................................................................................................76
Variations................................................................................................................................................79
Barcode Reader for a Stock Control System.....................................................................................79
Resources........................................................................................................................80
(cid:132) Chapter 6: Security/Automation Sensors.............................................................81
Parts Required.................................................................................................................82
Instructions......................................................................................................................84
Security Sensor Basics...........................................................................................................................84
Assemble Four-Channel Alarm Sensor Shield........................................................................................87
Install End-of-Line Resistors on Sensor.................................................................................................92
Load Test Program.................................................................................................................................95
PIR Placement........................................................................................................................................98
Variations.........................................................................................................................98
Visual Display Written in Processing......................................................................................................98
Home Security System...........................................................................................................................99
Multiple Buttons on One Input................................................................................................................99
(cid:132) Chapter 7: Online Thermometer..........................................................................101
Parts Required...............................................................................................................101
Instructions....................................................................................................................103
Mount PCB Plugs on Shield..................................................................................................................103
Connect Data Lines...............................................................................................................................105
Assemble Sensors................................................................................................................................106
Load Program................................................................................................................108
Variations.......................................................................................................................119
(cid:132) Chapter 8: Touch Control Panel..........................................................................121
Parts Required...............................................................................................................122
Instructions....................................................................................................................123
How Resistive Touch Screens Work.....................................................................................................123
viii