Applied Stress Analysis

743 Pages·1990·27.282 MB·English

by  D. W. A. Rees (auth.), T. H. Hyde, E. Ollerton (eds.)

APPLIED STRESS ANALYSIS
This volume consists of papers presented at the International Conference on Applied
Stress Analysis, held at the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, 30-31 August
1990, organised by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Nottingham, to mark the retirement of Professor H. Fessler.
Organising Committee
I.M. ALLISON
T.H. HYDE (Chairman)
E.OLLERTON
J.
SPENCE
P. STANLEY
J.J.
WEBSTER
APPLIED
STRESS ANALYSIS
Edited by
T.H.HYDE
and
E.OLLERTON
Department ofM echanical Engineering, University ofN ottingham, Nottingham, UK
ELSEVIER APPLIED SCIENCE
LONDON and NEW YORK
ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD
Crown House, Linton Road, Barking, Essex IGll SJU, England
Sole Distributor in the USA and Canada
. ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING CO., INC.
655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010, USA
WITH 61 TABLES AND 560 ILLUSTRATIONS
© 1990 ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD
© 1990 BRITISH STEELplc-pp.14-25
© 1990 UNITEDKINGDOMATOMICENERGYAUTHORITY-pp.190-200
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1990
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Applied stress analysis.
1. Stress analysis
I. Hyde, T. H. II. Ollerton, E.
620.1123
ISBN-13:978-94-010-6837-6 e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-0779-9
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-0779-9
Library of Congress CIP data applied for
No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and!o r damage to persons or property as a matter
ofp roducts liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation ofa ny methods, products, instruc
tions or ideas contained in the material herein.
Special regulations for readers in the USA
This publication has been registered with the Copyright Clearance Center Inc. (Ceq, Salem,
Massachusetts. Information can be obtained from the CCC about conditions under which photul:opics of
parts of this publication may be made in the USA. All other copyright questions, including photol:Opying
outside the USA, should be referred to the publisher.
All rights reserved. No part oft his publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system. or transmittt:d
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
written permission of the publisher.
v
PREFACE
This volume records the proceedings of an international conference organised as a
tribute to the contribution made by Professor H. Fessler over the whole of his pro
fessionallife, in the field of applied stress analysis. The conference, held at the Univer
sity of Nottingham on 30 and 31 August 1990, was timed to coincide with the date of
his formal retirement from the post of Professor of Experimental Stress Analysis in the
University.
The idea grew from discussions between some of Professor Fessler's academic
associates from Nottingham and elsewhere. An organising committee was set up, and
it was decided to invite contributions to the conference in the form ofr eview papers and
original research papers in the field of experimental, theoretical and computational
stress analysis. The size of the response, both in papers submitted and in attendance
at the conference, indicates that the idea proved attractive to many of his peers, former
associates and research students.
A bound copy of the volume is to be presented to Professor Fessler at the conference
dinner on 30 August 1990.
T.H.HuJt:
E.OLLERTON
vii
CONTENTS
Prejace v
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0
A Short Biography ofProftssor H. Fessler xiv
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
List ofP ublications ofProftssor H. Fessler xvii
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics
Predicting Fatigue Failures in Thick-Walled Cylinders under Pulsating
Internal Pressure 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
DoWA. Rees
Dynamic Stress Analysis of a Cracked Rolling Mill Housing 14
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PoE. Wells
Three-Dimensional Measurement of Opening Displacement of Rapidly
Propagating Cracks in PMMA 26
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
So Suzuki
Kinked Cracks: Finding Stress Intensity Factors 36
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
DA. Hills and Do Nowell
Strain Behavior Near Fatigue Crack Tip in Polymers and Their Life Evaluation 51
Ao Shimamoto, E. Umezaki, F. Nogata and So Takahashi
Residual Stress
Review of Some Development of the Hole Drilling Method 60
Ao AjflValasit
The Use of Barkhausen Noise to Investigate Residual Stresses in Machined
Components 72
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
AoJ. Birkett
viii
Residual Stress Patterns in Cold Drawn Steel Wires and Their Effect on
Fretting-Corrosion-Fatigue Behaviour in Seawater. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
R. Smallwood and R.B. Waterhouse
Residual Stresses and Warping in Unsymmetric Laminates with Arbitrary
Lay-up Angles ................................................. 91
WJ. Jun and G.S. Hong
Average Stress in Electrodeposits by the Bending Strip Method 101
G.N. Kouyumdjiev
Biomechanics
The Application of Photo elastic Techniques in Orthopaedic Engineering 111
J.P. Orr, P.K Humphreys, W V. James and A.S. Bahrani
Interaction of Femur-Hip Joint Endoprosthesis with Articulated Stem 121
J. Jirova, T. Kaujlerova and J. Maca
Stress Concentration Factors for Intersecting Arrays of Notches in Beams
under Pure Bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
D. G. Fricker
Three-Dimensional Strain Rosettes for an Analysis of the Geomedic Knee
Prosthesis and Underlying Cement Fixation .......................... 140
E.G. Little
Finite Element and Boundary Integral Methods
Finite Element Analysis of SPATE Benchmarks 150
J. T. Boyle and WM. Cummings
Finite Element Simulation ofTyre Dynamics 160
K Kormi andM.N. Islam
Determination of Boundary Values in the Inner Surface of a Cylinder by Using
Boundary Element Method ....................................... 171
T. Tsuji, N. Noda and Y. Tanaka
Creep
Model-Based Constitutive Relationships for Design and Life Extension of High
Temperature Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
B. Wilshire
ix
Analysis of Creep Tests on Springs ................................. 190
JP. Ellington, R. G.B. Judge and B.J. Marsden
Creep Damage and Creep Rupture of Metals 201
A. Litewka and Z. Lis
Finite Element Prediction of Creep Crack Growth from a Semicircular Surface
Crack in Lead Alloy ............................................. 211
S.D. Smith, JJ Webster and T.H. Hyde
The Use of the Reference Stress Concept in Creep Crack Growth Studies 222
T.H. Hyde
Yielding
The Experimental Analysis of Yield Stress at the Bottoms of Notch Roots 234
K Taniuchi
The Severity Near the Notch Root of Notched Bars 243
H. Hyakutake and T. Hagio
The Prediction of Collapse Loads Using Finite Differences 253
I.G. Pyrah
A Graphical Approach to Shakedown in Rolling Contact 263
KL.Johnson
The Use of Shakedown Concepts in the Development of Design Rules for Shell
Structures Subjected to Severe Cyclic Thermal Loading ................ 275
KF. Carter,A.G.P. Cocks,A.R.S. PonterandR.JM. Veness
Design Studies
Articulating Pin Fixed Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
L.D. McConnell
An Axi-asymmetrical Analysis of Circular Flange Connections Subjected to
External Bending Moments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
T. Sawa, T. Morohoshi, A. Shimizu and K Yamamoto
Behaviour of Open Section Steel Members Subject to Combined Bending and
Torsion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
MA. El-Khenfas and DA. Nethercot
x
Experimental Determination of Strain Concentration Factors in RHS Truss
Gap K -Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
JA. Packer, C.s. Frater and KS. Elliott
Dynamic Stress Analysis
Dynamic Behaviour of Solids Clarified by High Speed Photoelasticity 326
K Kawata
Dynamic Stress Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Solid Body. . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
M. Sugiura andM. Seika
Shock Waves in Plates under Elastic and Viscoelastic Conditions-Optical
Measurement by Combining Photoelasticity and Moire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
P.R. Dietz, C. Wan andJ. Albers
Experimental, Analytical and Computational Stress Analysis Used in Develop-
ing a Multi-Purpose Semi-Submersible. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
D.M. Warwick and D. Faulkner
Shells and Pressure Vessels
Recent Shell Buckling Research at Liverpool 371
G.D. Galletly
Stresses in Damaged Circular Cylindrical Shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
G.K W. Tam andJ.C.A. Croll
An Improved Analysis for Cylindrical Vessels Supported on Rigid Saddles. . . 398
F.A. Motashar andA.S. Tooth
Stresses and Deflections Due to External Loads on the Nozzle Branches of
Cylindrical Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
A. G. Wordsworth
Optimum Design of Composite-Reinforced Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
s.]. Hardy and N.H Malik
Adhesive Joints
A Two-Dimensional Stress Analysis of Adhesive Butt Joints Subjected to
Tensile Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
T. Sawa, K Temma and H Ishikawa
xi
A Stress Analysis of a Band-Adhesive ButtJoint Subjected to a Torsional Load 449
Y. Nakano and T Sawa
Strength Evaluation of Scarf and Stepped Lap Joints Bonded with Adhesive
Resin 458
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0
T Sugibayashi, K Mori, H. Kyogoku and K Ikegami
A New Concept in Mechanical Evaluation of Adhesive Test Specimens: Stiff
versus Flexible Adherends 468
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
V. Weissberg and Mo A rcan
Behaviour of Brick, Masonry and Concrete Structures
The Application of the Finite Element Method to the Study of Cracking in
Masonry Arch Bridges 476
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
BoS. Choo, Mo Go Coutie and N Go Gong
Stress Analysis in Masonry Walls by Ultrasonic Measurements 486
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
RoS. Olivito
Experimental Results on Moment Redistribution in Reinforced Concrete Con-
tinuous Beams 496
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Go Spadea
A Preliminary Investigation of Reinforcement Ductility in Reinforced Concrete
Slabs 506
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0
RoH. Scott and P A. T Gill
Automatic Photoelastic Fringe Reading
A New Computer-Aided System for Photo elastic Stress Analysis with Struc
ture-Driven Type Image Processing 516
00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000
Mo Takashi, S. Mawatari, Y. Toyoda and T Kunio
Whole-Field Measurement of Principal Stress Directions from Photoelastic
Experiment Using Image Processing System 526
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
E. Umezaki, T. Tamaki, Ao Shimamoto and S. Takahashi
The Benefits and Pitfalls of Automatic Processing for Photoelastic Test Data 536
lMo Allison and Po Nurse
Photoelasticity and Photoviscoelasticity
3-D Photoelasticity and TV-Holography for the Analysis of Rotating Com-
ponents 545
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ro W. T. Preater