Applied molecular biotechnology : the next generation of genetic engineering PDF
Preview Applied molecular biotechnology : the next generation of genetic engineering
Applied MoleculAr Biotechnology The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Applied MoleculAr Biotechnology The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering Edited by Muhammad Sarwar Khan iqrar Ahmad Khan debmalya Barh Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2016 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20160302 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-1483-9 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Foreword .........................................................................................................................................ix Preface ..............................................................................................................................................xi Editors ...........................................................................................................................................xiii Contributors ................................................................................................................................xvii Chapter 1 Emerging tools and approaches to biotechnology in the omics era ..............1 Neha Malviya, Aiman Tanveer, Sangeeta Yadav, and Dinesh Yadav Section I: Plant biotechnology Chapter 2 Plant molecular biology: Tools to develop transgenics ..................................33 Sandhya Agarwal, Alka Grover, and SM Paul Khurana Chapter 3 Plant molecular biotechnology: Applications of transgenics .......................61 Muhammad Sarwar Khan, Ghulam Mustafa, Shahid Nazir, and Faiz Ahmad Joyia Chapter 4 The chloroplast gene-expression system ...........................................................91 Yusuke Yagi and Takashi Shiina Chapter 5 Molecular biology of mitochondria: Genome, transcriptome, and proteome ........................................................................................................127 Muhammad Waqar Hameed Chapter 6 Plant functional genomics: Approaches and applications ..........................157 Mehboob-ur-Rahman, Zainab Rahmat, Maryyam Gul, and Yusuf Zafar Chapter 7 Whole-genome resequencing: Current status and future prospects in genomics-assisted crop improvement.........................................................187 Uday Chand Jha, Debmalya Barh, Swarup K. Parida, Rintu Jha, and Narendra Pratap Singh Chapter 8 Molecular biotechnology of plant–microbe–insect interactions ...............213 Jam Nazeer Ahmad, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad, and Sandrine Eveillard v vi Contents Chapter 9 Biotechnology for improved crop productivity and quality .......................231 Cassiana Severiano de Sousa, Maria Andréia Corrêa Mendonça, Syed Shah Hassan, Debmalya Barh, and Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo Chapter 10 Overview of methods to unveil the epigenetic code ....................................249 Sarfraz Shafiq and Abdul Rehman Khan Section II: Animal biotechnology Chapter 11 Animal models and biomedical research ........................................................267 Adeena Shafique, Azka Khan, Kinza Waqar, Aimen Niaz, and Alvina Gul Chapter 12 Variations in our genome: From disease to individualized cure ...............289 Bishwanath Chatterjee and Cecilia W. Lo Chapter 13 Molecular biotechnology for diagnostics........................................................303 Shailendra Dwivedi, Saurabh Samdariya, Gaurav Chikara, Apul Goel, Rajeev Kumar Pandey, Puneet Pareek, Sanjay Khattri, Praveen Sharma, Sanjeev Misra, and Kamlesh Kumar Pant Chapter 14 Techniques for cervical cancer screening and diagnosis .............................345 Haq Nawaz, Nosheen Rashid, Hugh J. Byrne, and Fiona M. Lyng Chapter 15 Type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and adipose tissue biology ...................377 Fazli Rabbi Awan and Syeda Sadia Najam Chapter 16 Human tissue banking and its role in biomedical research .......................387 Shahid Mian and Ibraheem Ashankyty Section III: Industrial and environmental biotechnology Chapter 17 Microbial biotechnology ....................................................................................405 Margarita Aguilera and Jesús Manuel Aguilera-Gómez Chapter 18 Molecular biology of viruses: Disease perspective ......................................423 Muhammad Mubin, Sehrish Ijaz, Sara Shakir, and Muhammad Shah Nawaz-ul-Rehman Chapter 19 Viral biotechnology: Production perspective.................................................453 Kinza Waqar, Hafeez Ullah, and Alvina Gul Chapter 20 Cell-free biosystems ............................................................................................465 Manju Sharma and SM Paul Khurana Chapter 21 Magnetic nanoparticles with multifunctional water-soluble polymers for bioapplications .............................................................................485 Muhammad Irfan Majeed, Muhammad Asif Hanif, Haq Nawaz, and Bien Tan Contents vii Chapter 22 Industrial biotechnology: Its applications in food and chemical industries ......................................................................................517 Syed Ali Imran Bokhari, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, Nosheen Rashid, and Muhammad Irfan Majeed Chapter 23 Environmental biotechnology: Approaches for ecosystem conservation ..........................................................................................................529 Vasavi Mohan, Mohammed Khaliq Mohiuddin, and Yog Raj Ahuja Chapter 24 Marine biotechnology: Focus on anticancer drugs .......................................555 Amit Rastogi, Sameen Ruqia, and Alvina Gul Chapter 25 Engineering genomes for biofuels ...................................................................569 Niaz Ahmad, Muhammad Aamer Mehmood, Steven J. Burgess, and Muhammad Sarwar Khan Index .............................................................................................................................................599 TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Foreword During the last few decades several fundamental discoveries in life sciences have given rise to modern biotechnology, which is essentially based on breakthroughs in molecular biology. It is currently one of the fastest growing areas of science and thus, this century has rightly been termed the “Century of Biology,” hoping that such advances in life sciences will yield changes more momentous than electricity and computers. The tremendous advances in biotechnology have also had a profound effect not only on agriculture but also on medicine and the environment. About 20% of the world’s phar- maceuticals are produced by using biotechnological processes and it has been estimated that about 50% of all pharmaceuticals will be produced in this manner by the year 2020. The most well-known products are insulin and many other biologicals, including inter- feron, other cytokines, and several antibiotics. With the developments in DNA sequencing, “personalized medicine” is on the anvil. In the case of agriculture, the gains due to high-yielding varieties as a result of the green revolution in the 1960s have tapered off due to the increasing cost of inputs and scarcity of water in many countries. In order to make agriculture sustainable, modern bio- technology has played a significant role by developing pest-resistant and drought-tolerant crop varieties. As a result, there has been a 10-fold increase in the area under transgenic crops in the world since 1996 when it was 1.7 million ha, which has increased to 1785 mil- lion ha in 2014. This has come about by utilizing a series of molecular biology technologies related to genomics and new tools of bioinformatics. During the last decade there have been several new discoveries in molecular biology that have rapidly found their way to applications. The whole new world of “omics” com- prising genomics, proteomics, transcriptiomics, and metabolomics has revolutionized the way translational research is carried out. In addition, strides in computational, structural, and organelle biology have opened new vistas for developing useful products. This book, Applied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering, is timely and very much needed by our younger generation of researchers. It comprises well-documented chapters on all aspects of new and emerging technologies related to plants, animals, industry, and the environment. I would like to compliment the editors for compiling such a comprehensive book covering all important aspects of the t echnology. I am sure it will be well received by the readers. Professor Dr. Kauser Abdulla Malik, HI, SI, TI Distinguished National Professor Dean for Postgraduate Studies Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) Lahore ix
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