Apple Aperture 3: A Workflow Guide for Digital Photographers PDF
Preview Apple Aperture 3: A Workflow Guide for Digital Photographers
| Apple Aperture 3 This page is intentionally left blank | Apple Aperture 3 Ken McMahon Nik Rawlinson AMSTERDAM(cid:1)BOSTON(cid:1)HEIDELBERG(cid:1)LONDON(cid:1)NEWYORK(cid:1)OXFORD PARIS(cid:1)SANDIEGO(cid:1)SANFRANCISCO(cid:1)SINGAPORE(cid:1)SYDNEY(cid:1)TOKYO FocalPressisanimprintofElsevier FocalPressisanimprintofElsevier TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,Oxford,OX51GB,UK 30CorporateDrive,Suite400,Burlington,MA01803,USA Firstpublished2010 Copyright(cid:1)2010KenMcMahonandNikRawlinson.ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved. TherightsofKenMcMahonandNikRawlinsontobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthiswork hasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988 Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorage andretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowto seekpermission,furtherinformationaboutthePublisher'spermissionspoliciesandour arrangementwithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyright LicensingAgency,canbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightby thePublisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein). Notices Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand experiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professional practices,ormedicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary. Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgein evaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribed herein.Inusingsuchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafety andthesafetyofothers,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility. Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,or editors,assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatter ofproductsliability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods, products,instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData McMahon,Ken. AppleAperture3:aworkflowguidefordigitalphotographers. 1.Aperture(Computerfile)2.Photography–Digitaltechniques. I.TitleII.Rawlinson,Nik. 775-dc22 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010928085 ISBN:978-0-240-52178-7 ForinformationonallFocalPresspublications visitourwebsiteatfocalpress.com PrintedandboundintheUnitedStates 1011121110987654321 Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................................xiii Chapter1: CameraRaw.....................................................................................1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................1 WhatisCameraRaw?.................................................................................................................2 RawSupport.....................................................................................................................................2 TheProsandConsofaRawWorkflow...........................................................................4 Benefits........................................................................................................................................5 Disadvantages..........................................................................................................................6 FromRawtoRGB..........................................................................................................................7 HowSensorDataareCapturedandStored.................................................................9 In-CameraProcessingandtheApertureAlternatives.............................................9 DemosaicingandColorSpaceConversion............................................................9 TonalMapping.....................................................................................................................10 WhiteBalance.......................................................................................................................14 NoiseReductionandSharpening.............................................................................15 RawFineTuninginAperture..............................................................................................17 WhichDecoder?...................................................................................................................17 Boost...........................................................................................................................................17 Sharpening..............................................................................................................................19 MoiréandChromaticAberration.....................................................................................20 DNG....................................................................................................................................................20 UsingDNGConverter..............................................................................................................21 UnsupportedRawFormats..................................................................................................23 Chapter2: HowApertureWorks..................................................................27 TheApertureWorkspace.......................................................................................................27 HowApertureStoresYourImages..................................................................................29 DigitalMastersandVersions........................................................................................31 BrowsingandOrganizingImages.............................................................................32 LibraryInspector.........................................................................................................................32 Browser.....................................................................................................................................33 Toolbar......................................................................................................................................35 ControlBarandKeywordControls..........................................................................40 NavigatingYourPhotosUsingtheControlBar................................................40 RatingandSortingImageswiththeControlBar............................................41 . v Contents SelectingandDisplayingImagesUsingtheViewerToolbar....................43 FullScreenandDual-ScreenMode..........................................................................47 AdjustmentsandMetadataInspectors..................................................................48 AddingandEditingViewsintheMetadataPanel..........................................50 OrganizingImages....................................................................................................................51 Folders.......................................................................................................................................51 Projects......................................................................................................................................52 MastersandVersions........................................................................................................52 Stacks.........................................................................................................................................52 WorkspaceLayouts...................................................................................................................53 StandardWorkspaceLayout........................................................................................53 SwappingandRotatingWorkspaces......................................................................55 RatingsandKeywords.....................................................................................................57 AdjustmentsandFilters..................................................................................................58 Overlays....................................................................................................................................59 Head-UpDisplays(HUDs)......................................................................................................60 FilterHUD................................................................................................................................61 InspectorHUD......................................................................................................................63 LiftandStampHUD..........................................................................................................63 MetadataOverlays.............................................................................................................66 UsingAperturefortheFirstTime....................................................................................66 CustomizingAperture......................................................................................................67 ExportingShortcutPresets............................................................................................69 ManagingColor...................................................................................................................69 SettingYourPreferences................................................................................................71 Chapter3: ManagingYourImages.............................................................73 AddingImagestoYourLibrary.........................................................................................73 ImportingfromYourCamera......................................................................................75 SortYourImagesBeforeImport................................................................................76 ChoosingWhereToStoreYourImages................................................................77 CreatingFilenamePresets.............................................................................................78 CompletingtheImportWorkflow.............................................................................80 CreatingMetadataPresets............................................................................................80 ImportingYourPictures..................................................................................................82 ImportingfromOtherSources...........................................................................................83 ImportingWithouttheDialog.....................................................................................83 RenamingFiles............................................................................................................................85 BackingUpRawFiles..............................................................................................................86 vi Contents BackupandTimeMachine............................................................................................86 ManagingVaults.........................................................................................................................88 CreatingYourFirstVault................................................................................................89 MaintainingYourVaults..................................................................................................91 RestoringYourLibraryfromaVault........................................................................92 TransferringYourLibrarytoaNewMac...............................................................92 MovingLibraries.........................................................................................................................94 SplittingUpYourLibrary................................................................................................95 MovingReferencedImages.................................................................................................97 ManagingYourReferencedImages........................................................................97 ConsolidatingYourMasters..........................................................................................99 HardDiskManagement......................................................................................................100 SmartFolders.....................................................................................................................101 BurnFolders........................................................................................................................103 FolderActions....................................................................................................................104 LaunchingAutomatorandAccessingAperture'sActions.......................104 BuildinganApertureWorkflow...............................................................................105 Chapter4: WorkingwithMetadata..........................................................111 Introduction................................................................................................................................111 RatingImages............................................................................................................................112 ArrangingtheWorkspace...........................................................................................112 UsingtheKeyboard........................................................................................................112 UsingtheMouse..............................................................................................................113 ComparingImages.................................................................................................................114 AddingIPTCMetadata.........................................................................................................114 UsingtheMetadataInspector..................................................................................116 UsingtheLiftandStampHUD................................................................................116 UsingMetadataViews..................................................................................................116 CreatingMetadataViews...................................................................................................117 CreatingMetadataPresets................................................................................................118 BatchOperations.....................................................................................................................120 ChangingtheTime................................................................................................................121 AddingMetadataonImport............................................................................................121 KeywordsOverview...............................................................................................................122 KeywordStrategy.............................................................................................................122 AddingKeywordsUsingtheMetadataInspector........................................124 AddingKeywordsUsingtheKeywordHUD....................................................124 AddingKeywordsUsingtheControlBar..........................................................126 vii Contents RemovingKeywords......................................................................................................127 CreatingandEditingPresetGroups............................................................................128 DisplayingMetadataonImages....................................................................................129 ViewerandBrowserSets.............................................................................................129 SortingandSearching.........................................................................................................131 SearchTools........................................................................................................................132 TheSearchFieldandSearchFieldPop-UpMenu.......................................132 TheFilterHUD...................................................................................................................132 SearchingbyRating.......................................................................................................133 TextSearching...................................................................................................................133 KeywordSearching.........................................................................................................134 AllorAny..............................................................................................................................135 SearchingbyDate...........................................................................................................136 SearchingbyOtherCriteria.......................................................................................137 UsingMultipleSearchCriteria..................................................................................138 MultipleTextSearching...............................................................................................139 SavingSearchResults....................................................................................................141 Chapter5: AdjustingImages.......................................................................143 Introduction................................................................................................................................143 TheAdjustmentsInspector...............................................................................................144 TheAdjustmentsHUD.........................................................................................................145 TheAdjustmentsHUDAdjustmentbyAdjustment...........................................146 TheHistogram...................................................................................................................146 RawFineTuning...............................................................................................................147 WhiteBalance....................................................................................................................147 Exposure................................................................................................................................148 Enhance.................................................................................................................................150 Highlights&Shadows...................................................................................................152 Levels......................................................................................................................................154 Color........................................................................................................................................154 OtherAdjustments.................................................................................................................158 Red-EyeCorrection.........................................................................................................158 Spot&PatchandRetouch.........................................................................................159 CropandStraightenandFlip...................................................................................162 ChromaticAberration....................................................................................................163 VignetteandDevignette.............................................................................................164 Black&White,ColorMonochromeandSepiaTone..................................166 NoiseReduction................................................................................................................166 viii Contents Curves............................................................................................................................................167 SharpeningTools....................................................................................................................168 HowtoUsetheHistogram...............................................................................................172 HotandColdSpotsandClippingOverlays............................................................176 CopyingAdjustmentsUsingLiftandStamp..........................................................177 UsingAdjustmentPresets..................................................................................................178 UsingBrush-BasedAdjustments....................................................................................178 CommonProblemsandHowtoCorrectThem....................................................181 Overexposure.....................................................................................................................181 SlightOverexposureandHighDynamicRange............................................184 Underexposure..................................................................................................................188 LowContrast(Flat)Images........................................................................................196 DealingwithColorCasts....................................................................................................197 UsingWhiteBalance......................................................................................................197 UsingTint.............................................................................................................................198 UsingLevels........................................................................................................................200 CreativeTechniques..............................................................................................................200 ColortoB&W......................................................................................................................200 Tinting.....................................................................................................................................202 Chapter6: ApertureWorkflow...................................................................207 UsingProjects,AlbumsandFolders............................................................................207 Folders....................................................................................................................................209 Projects...................................................................................................................................209 UsingFoldersforNavigation....................................................................................210 FavoriteandRecentProjects....................................................................................211 AlbumsandSmartAlbums........................................................................................211 Places..............................................................................................................................................213 AutomaticPlacement....................................................................................................214 PlacingProjects.................................................................................................................216 Faces...............................................................................................................................................216 RefiningFaces....................................................................................................................218 FacesGallery.......................................................................................................................219 AddingNewFaces..........................................................................................................219 RealLifeWorkflowfromCameratoExport.............................................................220 DefiningyourMetadataPresets.............................................................................221 ImportingYourPhotos.................................................................................................222 ExpandingtheImportDialog...................................................................................225 PerformYourFirstBackup..........................................................................................226 ix
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