Antennas for Ubiquitous Radio Services in a Wireless Information Society: Proceedings of the Symposium Concluding the Wide Band Sparse Element Array Antennas WiSE project

181 Pages·2010·4.23 MB·English

by  I.E. Lager

Antennas for ubiquitous radio services
in a wireless information society

Antennas for ubiquitous radio services
in a wireless information society
Proceedings of the Symposium concluding the
Wide Band Sparse Element Array Antennas – WiSE project
March 4, 2010, Wassenaar, the Netherlands
editedby
Ioan E. Lager and Massimiliano Simeoni
InternationalResearchCentrefor TelecommunicationsandRadar–IRCTR
DelftUniversity ofTechnology,Delft,the Netherlands
2010
IOS Press
(cid:2)c 2010IRCTRandIOS Press. All rightsreserved.
ISBN 978-1-60750-486-3(print)
ISBN 978-1-60750-487-0(online)
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Preface
Wirelessapplicationshavepervasivelypenetratedtheeverydaylife. They
visibly manifest themselves in the omnipresent (mobile) communication de-
vices that are deeply rooted in the present day lifestyle (see the multitude
of sound, image and data carrying systems surrounding us). They manifest
themselves less visibly, but equally ubiquitously, in weather and traffic mon-
itoring systems, in defence and security technology, etc. They are praised
for supporting and facilitating our daily routine and are (in fact, unjustly)
blamed for thoroughly invading our privacy. They are instrumental for lo-
cating endangered people and for effectively treating diseases and, at the
same time, are often cited among the perilous health-hazards.
Thepresent day societal needs exert a lot of pressureon wireless systems
for providing increased performance, with a twofold direction presenting the
mostchallenging requirements: ontheonehand,theconstantly higherchan-
nel transmission capacity driven by the (multimedia) wireless data-link sys-
tems and, on the other hand, the pattern shaping, often complemented by
beam agility, demanded by the high-end radar and space-borne telecommu-
nication application.
The completion of these tasks is extremely complex, with the design of
adequate antenna (systems) playing a pivotal role. Although antenna en-
gineering has a long history of achievements, the magnitude of the present
demandsnecessitates, andwillstilldosointhefuture,acontinuous andsus-
tained effort. Thesuccess in this area is indissolubly connected to mastering
a broad knowledge arch, having as main pillars the in depth understanding
of the pertaining (physical) phenomena and the needed manufacturing and
measurement technological utensils.
Recognising thesecommandments, theInternationalResearch Centrefor
Telecommunications and Radar (IRCTR) has initiated in early 2004 the
Wide Band Sparse Element Array Antennas (WiSE) project, a scientific en-
deavour having a twofold objective: the assembling of a catalogue of (ultra)
wide-band radiators that are, preferably, amenable to being incorporated
in array antennas and the exploration of the functional possibilities arising
from accommodating various radiators on a common aperture, an approach
termed as the ‘shared aperture concept’.
Investigations performed over a period of almost 6 years have confirmed
some oftheinitialexpectations, whileopeningnew,challengingdirectionsto
vi
bepursued. Theundertakenresearchresultedintoamultitudeoftheoretical
aspects being elucidated, with solutions concerning the physical implemen-
tation of these concepts being also put forward. The performed activities
materialised themselves in a sizeable published scientific output and, also,
in several concept demonstrators with practical applicability. At the end
of this route, IRCTR is firmly anchored on the map of European antenna
research and development, with a well established international recognition
in the field of non-uniform and/or interleaved array antennas.
The present work offers a retrospect of the project’s main achievements,
while also assessing their relevance within a wider antenna engineering per-
spective. The volume touches upon a broad selection of topics, spanning
from fundamental electromagnetics up to accounts on the state-of-the-art
manufacturingtechnologies. Theincludedcontributions areauthored bythe
WiSE project participants, by the members of the Users’ Committee and by
representatives of leading European institutes involved in the complex and
fascinating antenna research area.
Ioan E. Lager
Massimiliano Simeoni.
Delft, December 22, 2009.
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Ioan E. Lager, Leo P. Ligthart and Piet van Genderen
The Wide Band Sparse Element Array Antennas –WiSE project: an
overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Adrianus T. de Hoop
The mathematics that models wavefield physics in engineering appli-
cations – A voyage through the landscape of fundamentals . . . . 15
Giampiero Gerini, Daniele Cavallo, Andrea Neto and Frank van den
Bogaart
Connected arrays of dipoles for telecom and radar applications: the
solution for the common mode problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Maria C. Vigano`, Cyril Mangenot, Giovanni Toso, Gerard Caille, An-
toine G. Roederer, Ioan E. Lager and Leo P. Ligthart
Sunflower antenna: synthesis of sparse planar arrays for satellite
applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Dani P. Tran, Cristian I. Coman, Fatma M. Tanyer-Tigrek, Andrei
Szilagyi, Massimiliano Simeoni, Ioan E. Lager, Leo P. Ligthart and
Piet van Genderen
The relativity of bandwidth – the pursuit of truly ultra wideband
radiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Anja K. Skrivervik, Julien Perruisseau-Carrier, Fre´d´eric Bongard and
Juan R. Mosig
Reconfigurability,newmaterials: futurechallenges forantennadesign
and simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Cyril Mangenot, Giovanni Toso and Piero Angeletti
Active arrays for satellite applications: the quest for increased power
efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
viii
Rens Baggen, Sybille Holzwarth and Martin Bo¨ttcher
Antenna front-ends for mobile satellite terminals: design & realisa-
tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Wim A. van Cappellen
Receiving array systems for radio astronomy . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Ioan E. Lager, Massimiliano Simeoni, Cristian I. Coman, Christian
Trampuz, Leo P. Ligthart and Piet van Genderen
Puzzling radiators – functionality enhancement by means of shared
aperture antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
The Wide Band Sparse Element Array
Antennas – WiSE project: an overview
Ioan E. Lager, Leo P. Ligthart and Piet van Genderen
International Research Centre for Telecommunications and Radar
(IRCTR), Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and
Computer Science, Delft University of Technology,
2628CD, Delft, the Netherlands ([email protected])
Abstract
A review on the Wide Band Sparse Element Array Antennas
(WiSE) project is provided. After describing the general struc-
ture of the project and its initial goals, the activities undertaken
in the two principal, and the various spin-off and supporting lines
of research will be outlined. The most prominent theoretical and
applicative achievements will be enumerated, by insisting on the
delivered concept demonstrators and scientific output and, at the
same time, on the societal impact of the obtained results.
1 Introduction
The rapid increase of the use of radio-waves for telecommunication and
radar has lead to new requirements on the antenna systems supporting the
implemented services. These requirements have as a common feature the
fact that they make reference to a large system bandwidth, sometimes ex-
pressed in a large instantaneous bandwidth, sometimes in a large spread-
ing in frequency of many simultaneously transmitted, narrow-band signals.
Moreover, the relevant signals must be directed or received in certain angu-
lar directions, this translating in a need for the antenna system to provide
spatial filtering, as well.
Addressing these challenging demands imperatively calls for the use of
antenna arrays. While many solutions employing fully populated, uniform
arrays are available in the literature (a comprehensive overview being given
intheIntroductionof[1]),theinherentcomplexityofsuchsystems,especially
when modularity and combined transmit-receive capabilities are required
at element level, results in prohibitive costs if not rendering the problem
technologically unfeasible. A solution may then be found by resorting to
non-periodicarraysthat,duetotheirimplicitlyreducednumberofelements,
may significantly reducethe cost of the arrays. Moreover, the sparsity of the
Antennas for Ubiquitous Radio Services in a Wireless Information Society
I.E. Lager and M. Simeoni (Eds.). © 2010 IRCTR and IOS Press. All rights reserved.
doi:10.3233/978-1-60750-487-0-1