ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCA Standard 180-2012

34 Pages·2012·0.84 MB·English

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ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCA Standard 180-2012 el
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(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCA Standard 180-2008) sk
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Standard Practice for 1
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Inspection and l
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See Informative Appendix D for approval dates by the ASHRAE Standards Committee, the ASHRAE Board of Directors, Air Con- pr
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ditioning Contractors of America, and American National Standards Institute. du
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ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date following the standard number is the year of n
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ASHRAE Board of Directors approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE Web site r
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(www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: is
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[email protected]. Fax: [phone]. Telephone: [phone] (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and ri
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Canada). For reprint permission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. ut
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© 2012 ASHRAE and ACCA ISSN 1041-2336 is

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© ASHRAE and ACCA (www.ashrae.org, www.acca.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, Co
or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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ASHRAEStandingStandardProjectCommittee180 te
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CognizantTCs:LeadCognizantTC7.3,OperationandMaintenanceManagement;
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Co-CognizantTC2.4,ParticulateAirContaminantsandParticulateContaminationRemovalEquipment; t
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andCo-CognizantTC9.8,LargeBuildingsAir-ConditioningApplications ri
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ASHRAEStaffLiaison:MarkJ.Weber l
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SPLSLiaison(2008–2011):AllanB.Fraser i
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SPLSLiaison(2011–2012):RitaM.Harrold n
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CharlesEugeneDale-Derks,Chair JenniferA.Isenbeck MarcNewman
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RichardAlanDanks,Chair(2010–2011) S.LouisKelter StephenW.Nicholas R
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RobertG.Baker,Chair(2008–2010) CarlN.Lawson ThomasL.Paxson ch
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MarkM.Anderson AngelaM.Lewis RobertJ.Roth d

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RobertE.Axelrod DavidW.Linville BoggarmS.Setty i
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WilliamMichaelDillard MichaelF.Mamayek CharlesJ.Seyffer in
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CecilyM.Grzywacz PhilMaybee EliaM.Sterling ki

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EllisG.Guiles,Jr. SiroosMostaghimi KongSangTso n

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GlennC.Hourahan ThomasJ.Yacobellis 0
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ASHRAESTANDARDSCOMMITTEE2011–2012 6-
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CarolE.Marriott,Chair KrishnanGowri JaniceC.Peterson f
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KennethW.Cooper,Vice-Chair MaureenGrasso DouglasT.Reindl
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DouglassS.Abramson CecilyM.Grzywacz BoggarmS.Setty ce
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KarimAmrane RichardL.Hall JamesR.Tauby e
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CharlesS.Barnaby RitaM.Harrold JamesK.Vallort s

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HoyR.Bohanon,Jr. AdamW.Hinge WilliamF.Walter se

StevenF.Bruning DebraH.Kennoy MichaelW.Woodford on
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DavidR.Conover JayA.Kohler CraigP.Wray .

StevenJ.Emmerich EckhardA.Groll,BODExO A
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AllanB.Fraser RossD.Montgomery,CO r
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StephanieC.Reiniche,ManagerofStandards
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SPECIALNOTE rv
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This American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. d
.
ConsensusisdefinedbytheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),ofwhichASHRAEisamemberandwhichhasapprovedthis N
o
standardasanANS,as“substantialagreementreachedbydirectlyandmateriallyaffectedinterestcategories.Thissignifiestheconcurrence
f
ofmorethanasimplemajority,butnotnecessarilyunanimity.Consensusrequiresthatallviewsandobjectionsbeconsidered,andthatan ur
t
effortbemadetowardtheirresolution.”Compliancewiththisstandardisvoluntaryuntilandunlessalegaljurisdictionmakescompliance h
e
mandatorythroughlegislation. r
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ASHRAEobtainsconsensusthroughparticipationofitsnationalandinternationalmembers,associatedsocieties,andpublicreview. e
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ASHRAEStandardsarepreparedbyaProjectCommitteeappointedspecificallyforthepurposeofwritingtheStandard.TheProject ro
d
CommitteeChairandVice-ChairmustbemembersofASHRAE;whileothercommitteemembersmayormaynotbeASHRAEmembers,all u
c
mustbetechnically qualified inthe subject areaof theStandard.Every effort ismadetobalancethe concernedinterests onall Project ti
o
Committees. n

TheManagerofStandardsofASHRAEshouldbecontactedfor: or

a.interpretationofthecontentsofthisStandard, d
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b.participationinthenextreviewoftheStandard, st
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c.offeringconstructivecriticismforimprovingtheStandard,or i
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d.permissiontoreprintportionsoftheStandard. ut
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DISCLAIMER
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s
ASHRAEusesitsbesteffortstopromulgateStandardsandGuidelinesforthebenefitofthepublicinlightofavailableinformationand
p
acceptedindustrypractices.However,ASHRAEdoesnotguarantee,certify,orassurethesafetyorperformanceofanyproducts,components, er
m
or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAE’s Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its i
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StandardsorGuidelineswillbenonhazardousorfreefromrisk. te
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D
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ASHRAEINDUSTRIALADVERTISINGPOLICYONSTANDARDS st
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ASHRAEStandardsandGuidelinesareestablishedtoassistindustryandthepublicbyofferingauniformmethodoftestingforrating i
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purposes,bysuggestingsafepracticesindesigningandinstallingequipment,byprovidingproperdefinitionsofthisequipment,andbyproviding ut
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otherinformationthatmayservetoguidetheindustry.ThecreationofASHRAEStandardsandGuidelinesisdeterminedbytheneedforthem, d

andconformancetothemiscompletelyvoluntary. fo
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InreferringtothisStandardorGuidelineandinmarkingofequipmentandinadvertising,noclaimshallbemade,eitherstatedorimplied,
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thattheproducthasbeenapprovedbyASHRAE. SH
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© ASHRAE and ACCA (www.ashrae.org, www.acca.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, Co
or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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CONTENTS h
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ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCA Standard 180-2012, t
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Standard Practice for Inspection and Maintenance ia
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of Commercial Building HVAC Systems l
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SECTION PAGE se
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Foreword...................................................................................................................................................................2 to

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1 Purpose..........................................................................................................................................................2 i
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2 Scope.............................................................................................................................................................3 ar
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3 Definitions.......................................................................................................................................................3 Z
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4 Implementation...............................................................................................................................................3 l
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5 RequiredInspectionandMaintenanceTasks................................................................................................5 sk
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Table5-1 AirDistributionSystems.....................................................................................................6 o
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Table5-2 AirHandlers.......................................................................................................................7 20
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Table5-3 Boilers................................................................................................................................8 6-
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Table5-4 Chillers—Absorption..........................................................................................................9 -
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Table5-5 Chillers—Air-Cooled.........................................................................................................10 f
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Table5-6 Chillers—Water-Cooled...................................................................................................11
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Table5-7 CoilsandRadiators..........................................................................................................12 ce
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Table5-8 CondensingUnits.............................................................................................................13 se
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Table5-9 ControlSystems...............................................................................................................13 s

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Table5-10 CoolingTowersandEvaporative-CooledDevices...........................................................14 se

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Table5-11 DehumidificationandHumidificationDevices..................................................................14 n
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Table5-12 Economizers—Air-Side....................................................................................................15 .

Table5-13 Engines,Microturbines.....................................................................................................15 Al
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Table5-14 Fans(e.g.,Exhaust,Supply,Transfer,Return)................................................................16 r
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Table5-15 Fan-Coils,HotWater,andSteamUnitHeaters...............................................................17 ht
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Table5-16 Furnaces,CombustionUnitHeaters................................................................................18 r
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Table5-17 HVACWaterDistributionSystems...................................................................................19 er
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Table5-18 IndoorSectionDuct-FreeSplits.......................................................................................20 ed
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Table5-19 OutdoorAirHeatExchangingSystems............................................................................21 N
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Table5-20 PTACs/PTHPs(PackageTerminalAirConditionersorHeatPumps).............................22 fu
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Table5-21 Pumps..............................................................................................................................22 h
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Table5-22 RooftopUnits...................................................................................................................23 r
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Table5-23 SteamDistributionSystems.............................................................................................24 pr
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Table5-24 TerminalandControlBoxes(e.g.,VAV,Fan-Powered,Bypass).....................................24 u
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Table5-25 Water-SourceHeatPumps..............................................................................................25 io
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InformativeAppendixA—SourcesofPerformanceObjectives..........................................................................26 o
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InformativeAppendixB—IdentifyingIndicatorsofUnacceptableConditions.....................................................26 di
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InformativeAppendixC—Bibliography...............................................................................................................26 tr
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InformativeAppendixD—AddendaDescriptionInformation..............................................................................29 u
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NOTE is

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Approvedaddenda,errata,orinterpretationsforthisstandardcanbedownloadedfreeofchargefromtheASHRAE r
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Websiteatwww.ashrae.org/technology. it
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©2012ASHRAEandACCA D
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ASHRAE ACCA tr
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1791TullieCircleNE 2800ShirlingtonRoad,Ste.300 bu
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Atlanta,GA30329 Arlington,VA22206 ed

www.ashrae.org www.acca.org fo
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Allrightsreserved. A
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© ASHRAE and ACCA (www.ashrae.org, www.acca.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, Co
or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merely sustainabilitymandatesthat thoseconditionsbemaintained ht
e
informativeanddoesnotcontainrequirementsnecessary inasenergyefficientamanneraspossible. d
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for conformance to the standard. It has not been Thisdocumentdescribestheminimumacceptablelevel ate
processed according to the ANSI requirements for a of maintenance for commercial building HVAC systems. ria
standard and may contain material that has not been Other standards or guidance documents may establish l l
subject to public review or a consensus process. more specific or rigorous requirements that apply to cer- ice
Unresolved objectors on informative material are not tain buildings. Where applicable, those requirements nse
offeredtherighttoappealatASHRAEorANSI.) shouldbefollowedorconsidered(ifguidelines).Thisdocu- d t
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mentisnotintendedtolimitthelevelofserviceprovidedor R
FOREWORD recommendations made by a service provider.Those deliv- ich
a
ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCA Standard 180-2012 is the latest ering HVAC maintenance are encouraged to consider and rd

edition of Standard 180. The 2012 edition combines Stan- recommend energy conservation measures or technology Zi
e
dard 180-2008 and approved and publishedAddendum a to improvements that would help maintain or increase ther- li
n
the 2008 edition, thereby providing an easy-to-use consoli- malcomfort,theenergyefficiencyoftheHVACsystem,and sk
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dated standard. Specific information on the contents of the indoorairquality. o
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addendum and the approval dates are included in Informa- 2
Muchoftheinformationthatwillberequiredtoprepare 0
tiveAppendixD. 16
the maintenance program that is mandated by this standard -
0
This 2012 edition was updated using the continuous 6
can most conveniently be obtained from the building com- -
1
maintenance process. A thorough review of the standard 5
missioning (recommissioning or retrocommissioning) docu-
f
under the continuous maintenance process resulted in o
ments. Although recommissioning is not a requirement of r

improvements, revisions, and updates to the tables in l
thisstandard,itshouldbeconsideredwherethecommission- i
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Section5. The changes were deemed necessary in order to e
ing data is either unavailable or outdated. Additionally, n
s
eliminate duplication, add additional tasks, list equipment e
ASHRAEGuideline4,PreparationofOperatingandMainte- e
'
tablesinalphabeticalorderforeasierreference,andconsol- s
nance Documentation for Building Systems, and ASHRAE
u
idatesimilarequipmentwhereappropriate. s
Guideline 32, Sustainable, High-Performance Operations e

The 2012 edition will be updated on a five-year cycle andMaintenance,maybehelpfultopractitionersseekingto on
l
usingtheperiodicmaintenanceprocess. developorexpandmaintenanceprograms.ASHRAEcontin- y.

Standard 180 was created in a collaborative effort ues to provide industry reference documents and is in pro- A
l
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between ASHRAE and Air Conditioning Contractors of cess of preparing other guidelines on commissioning and
r
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America (ACCA). Its intent is to address the often inconsis- training. Refer also to this standard’s Informative g
h
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tentpracticesforinspectingandmaintainingHVACsystems AppendixC,Bibliography,whichlistsmanyreferencedocu- s

r
in commercial, institutional, and other buildings where the mentsbyASHRAEandotherorganizationsaswellasindus- e
s
e
public may be exposed to the indoor environment. Current try technical papers and publications. Some of these r
v
e
practices in such buildings vary widely. Many facilities documents include ideas toward “Best Practices” or “Reli- d
.

choose to follow rigorous policies that maintain the system ability-Centered” or other means and methods above the N
o

innewornearlynewcondition.Otherseitherlackpolicyin minimumstandard. f
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this area or have adopted a run-to-failure approach, where t
Thisstandardiswrittenincode-intendedlanguagesoit h
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thesystemorcomponentsofthesystemareattendedtoonly r
maybereferencedoradoptedbyenforcementauthoritiesas
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whenthereisafailure. e
the minimum acceptable level of performance within their p
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To provide consistency and improve the thermal com- o
jurisdictions. d
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fort,energyefficiency,andindoorairqualityofcommercial c
t
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HVAC systems, a standard practice for their inspection and Note:Thisstandardisspecificallyfocusedontheimpacts o
n

maintenance is needed.When there is no routine inspection of maintenance on occupant thermal comfort, energy effi- o
r

and subsequent adjustment or maintenance of system com- ciency, and indoor air quality. Additional maintenance d
i
s
ponents, the system is typically found operating outside its program considerations related to equipment reliability, t
r
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optimum performance parameters. When systems are not equipment robustness, and minimizing overall maintenance b
u
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maintained,theydonotcontinuetoprovidethelevelofwork costs are also appropriate in order to support sustainability i
o
n
theyweredesignedfor. efforts,protecttheHVACcapitalinvestment,and/orminimize
i
s
Astandardpracticeisalsoneededtoguidemaintenance systemdowntime.Theseconsiderations,however,areoutside p
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ofHVACsystemsbecausethemaintenanceinformationoften thescopeofthisstandard. rm
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providedbymanufacturersappliesonlytothediscretecom- tt
e
ponents that they provide rather than to the entire system. 1. PURPOSE d.

Thisdocumentconsiderstheintegrationofthosecomponents Di
s
and the way they interact as well as each component sepa- The purpose of this standard is to establish minimum tr
i
rately. HVAC inspection and maintenance requirements that bu
t
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For the public good, it is essential that the HVAC sys- preserve a system’s ability to achieve acceptable thermal d

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temsinallbuildingswherepersonswork,visit,orresidesup- comfort,energyefficiency,andindoorairqualityincommer- o
r

port a high-quality indoor environment. In addition, cialbuildings. A
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2 ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCAStandard180-2012 y
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© ASHRAE and ACCA (www.ashrae.org, www.acca.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, Co
or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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2. SCOPE made. The period of inspection frequency may be based on ht
e
timedintervals(i.e.,weekly,monthly,quarterly,orannually), d
2.1 This standard provides minimum requirements for the m
onhoursofusage(“runtime”),orsystemcondition(“condi- at
HVAC system inspection and maintenance practice in new e
tion-basedmaintenance”determinedfromphysicalinspection ri
andexistingbuildings.Wherespecificallynotedinthisstan- a
orcontrols-basedsystemalarms). l
dard,differentrequirementsapply. l
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inspectionormaintenancetask:awell-definedunitofwork e
2.2 Theprovisionsofthisstandarddonotapplyto: ns
that can be described by a sequence of instructions.Typical e
d
2.2.1 Single-family houses or multi-family structures of examples of such tasks include cleaning, calibration, visual t
o
threeorfewerstoriesabovegrade. inspectionorobservation,measurement,andlubrication. R
i
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2.2.2 HVACequipmentandportionsofbuildingsystems h
maintenance program: a maintenance concept or approach ar
thatprimarilyprovideforindustrial,manufacturing,orcom- d
thatdefineshowmaintenancewillbeperformedforaspecific Z
mercialprocesses. i
facilityintermsoftimeandresourceallocation.Itdocuments el
2.2.3 OtherbuildingHVACsystemsorelementsofbuild- themaintenanceobjectives,establishesthecriteriaforevalu- ins
ingHVACsystemsthatthisstandardspecificallyidentifies. ation,andcommitsthemaintenancedepartmenttobasicgoals ki
o
2.3 Thisstandardshallnotbeusedtocircumventanysafety, ofperformance,suchaspromptresponsetomechanicalfail- n 2
health,orenvironmentalrequirements. ureandmaintenancerequirements. 016
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0
performance:ameasureofthesuccessofanHVACsystemin 6
-
3. DEFINITIONS achievingthermalcomfort,energyefficiency,andindoorair 15

f
quality. o
Many of the terms used in this standard practice are r

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definedinASHRAETerminologyofHeating,Ventilation,Air- performance objective: the metrics for evaluating perfor- ic
e
Conditioning,andRefrigeration.Additionaltermsusedinthis mance. They include written statements of performance, ns
e
standardaredefinedbelow. descriptionsofnormaloperatingcharacteristics,andmeasur- e'
s

basisofdesign:aguidancedocumentthatstipulatesorlists ableandobservableindicatorsthatarethebasisforevaluating us
e
thedesiredorintendedfunctionandperformanceoftheHVAC orinspectingelementsofasystem. o
n
system.Itliststheneeds,requirements,flexibility,efficiency, verification:confirmationbyexaminationorcommissioning ly.
limits, performance, desired condition, etc., of the space thataspecifiedrequirementhasbeenfulfilled.Typicallyveri- A
servedbytheHVACsystems,anditisintendedtocommuni- ficationrequiresindependentreviewing,inspecting,examin- ll
catethisinformationfromtheHVACsystemdesignertothe ing,measuring,testing,checking,witnessing,monitoring,or rig
HVACsystemsownertotheoperatorortosubsequentowners otherwise establishing and documenting that products, hts
andoperators. processes, services, and documents conform to specified re
s
buildingmanagementsystem(BMS):anenergymanagement requirements. erv
e
system relating to the overall operation of the building in d.
whichitisinstalled.Itoftenhasadditionalcapabilities,such 4. IMPLEMENTATION No

as equipment monitoring, protection of equipment against 4.1 Responsible Party. The building owner shall be fu
r
power failure, and building security. It may also be a direct responsibleformeetingtherequirementsofthisstandard.The th
e
digitalcontrol(DDC)systemwherethemodeofcontroluses ownermaydesignateotherpartiesthatshallbeauthorizedand r
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digitaloutputstocontrolprocessesorelementsdirectly. contractuallyobligatedtofulfilltheowner’sresponsibility. ep
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o
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commercial building: includes but is not limited to govern- 4.2 MaintenanceProgram.EachHVACsystemshallhave uc
t
mental and educational facilities, healthcare and hospitality a maintenance program that, at a minimum, preserves the io
n
facilities,institutionalbuildings,offices,placesofassembly, conditionoftheHVACsystemanditselementsinamanner o
r
restaurants,andbuildingsforretailandwholesalebusinesses. thatenablesthesystemtoprovidetheintendedthermalcom- d
i
commercial HVAC: any nonresidential or nonprocess or fort and energy efficiency and helps to achieve the intended str
manufacturing-related HVAC application, including but not indoorairqualityrequiredforthebuilding. ibu
t
limitedtoapplicationsforgovernmentalandeducationalfacil- Ataminimum,themaintenanceprogramshallcontainan io
n
ities,healthcareandhospitalityfacilities,institutionalbuild- inventoryofequipmentandsystemstobeinspectedandmain- i
s
ings, offices, places of assembly, restaurants, and retail and tained and a maintenance plan describing the goals, objec- p
e
wholesalebusinesses. tives, and execution of the HVAC systems maintenance rm
i
program. t
t
commercial process: a process used primarily to produce, 4.2.1 Inventory of Items to be Inspected and Main- ed.
process, or hold material goods or works, such as cold food tained.ComponentsofHVACsystemsthatimpactthebuild- Di
storage, painting, equipment assembly or repair, clothing ing’sperformanceshallbeinventoried.Thisdetailedlistshall str
assemblyorcleaning,etc.Itisusedinmanufacturing,assem- beusedtoestablishunacceptablesystemconditionindicators, ibu
bly,repair,conditionedstorage,andtreatmentsystems. inspectionfrequencies,andmaintenancetasks. ted

f
inspection frequency: the time period or interval in which 4.2.2 Maintenance Plan Development. For any given o
r

occurrencesofataskorobservationsofaconditionaretobe facility,themaintenanceplanshallbewrittenanddeveloped A
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ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCAStandard180-2012 3 y
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© ASHRAE and ACCA (www.ashrae.org, www.acca.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, Co
or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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specificallytomeetthesize,design,scopeandcomplexityof Based on the analysis, the inspection frequency or the ht
e
thesystem(s)servingthatfacility. maintenancetaskshallbemodifiedtoresolvethedeficiency. d
m
The plan shall describe each required task, identify the If acceptable condition indicators or acceptable perfor- at
e
partyresponsibleforperformingthetask,specifytheautho- manceisfoundduringthreesuccessiveinspections,thenthe ri
a
rizing party, document its completion, and subsequently inspection frequency for that task may be reduced from the l
l
monitortheresults. existingfrequencyand/orthelevelofmaintenanceperformed ic
e
Theplanshallincludeallofthefollowinginformation. in the maintenance task may be reduced. The reduced ns
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4.2.2.a Performance Objectives. Performance objec- frequencyand/ormaintenanceshallbebasedonthespecific d t
tivesshallincorporatethermalcomfort,energyefficiency,and findingsandshallbedocumented. o R
indoor air quality metrics. Performance objectives shall be Frequency may also be adjusted for climate-related or ich
basedonbasisofdesignandoperationalcriteriaspecifictoa operationalreasons.Exampleswouldincludethefollowing: ard

particular system.The source of the performance objectives Zi
shall be documented; InformativeAppendixA lists some of (cid:129) A cooling tower shutdown during the winter—Inspec- eli
thepossiblesourcesthatcanbeusedtoestablishperformance tion and maintenance may be suspended during the nsk
objectives. shutdownperiod. i o
(cid:129) A new chiller is installed and the old chiller is retained n
4.2.2.b ConditionIndicators.Indicatorsofunacceptable 2
asabackup—Inspectionandmaintenanceofthebackup 01
systemandequipmentconditionsshallbeestablished.These 6
unitmaybeadjustedtoreflectfeweroperatinghours. -0
indicators are measurements or observations of conditions 6
-
1
that could lead to failure or performance degradation. See 5
Eachadjustedfrequencyshallbedocumented,including
f
InformativeAppendixBforexamplesofunacceptablesystem o
thereasonfortheadjustment. r

conditionindicators. l
i
4.2.2.e Documentation. A minimum inspection and c
e
4.2.2.c Inspection and Maintenance Tasks. Inspection n
maintenancedocumentationpackageshallconsistofthefol- s
e
and maintenance tasks for inventoried equipment and sys- e
lowingitems: '
s
temsshallbeestablished.Inspectionshallincludethecondi-
u
s
tion assessment of systems and/or their components by a. listings of HVAC systems and system components with e
o
observationand/ormeasurementofoperatingparametersand associatedperformancecriteriapertinenttothefacility, nl
y
mayincludedataprovidedbysensorsorabuildingmanage- b. inspection and maintenance tasks and the method of .

mentsystem(BMS).Maintenancetasksshallincludeadjust- tracking(automatedormanual),and Al
l
ment, service, or replacement of inventoried equipment and
c. sufficientrecorddetailandverification(writtenorelec- r
i
systems. See Section 5 for tables of required inspection and g
tronic) to demonstrate implementation of the mainte- h
t
maintenancetasksbyequipmenttype. s
nanceplan.
r
4.2.2.d InspectionandMaintenanceTaskFrequencies. es
e
Frequency of inspection and maintenance tasks for invento- Theinspectionandmaintenancedocumentdirectoryshall rv
e
riedequipmentandsystemsshallbeestablished.Ifunaccept- provideeasyaccessandbewellorganizedandclearlyidenti- d.

able condition indicators or unacceptable performance is fied. Emergency information shall be immediately available No

found during two successive inspections, the owner, or andshallincludeemergencystaffand/oragencynotification fu
r
owner’sdesignatedrepresentative,shallinvestigateandana- procedures. th
e
lyze possible causes.At a minimum, the following possible r
4.3 Maintenance Plan Authorization and Execution. r
causesshallbeinvestigated. ep
Inspection and maintenance tasks shall be performed on an r
o
d
established frequency or upon a documented observance of u
(cid:129) Poor field practices—review inspection documentation c
t
unacceptable condition. Whether authorized by written or i
and/ortechnicianexecutiontoensuremaintenancetasks o
n
verbalinstructions,executionofthetaskshallbedocumented
areperformedcorrectly. o
r
andarchivedforfuturereference.
(cid:129) Insufficient time budgeted for tasks—review time bud- di
s
geted to the technician to ensure that reasonable time 4.4 Revision of the Maintenance Program. The mainte- tr
i
hasbeengiventoperformthetasks. nanceprogramshallbereviewed,andrevisionshallbecon- bu
t
(cid:129) Component repairs noted/pending/not made—inspect sideredinanyofthefollowingsituations: io
n
documentation to determine that repair or component i
s
replacementhasbeenundertaken. 1. modificationstothebuildingthatimpactHVACperfor- p
e
(cid:129) Design issues—determine whether underlying design manceobjectiveshaveoccurred, rm
i
issuesarecausingsuccessivefailures. 2. thebuildingfunctionoritsusehaschangedinawaythat tt
e
(cid:129) Obsolete equipment or components—determine impactsHVACperformanceobjectives, d.

whether the equipment or component has been in ser- 3. HVAC component or HVAC system changes have Di
s
vicebeyonditsusefullife. occurred, tr
i
b
(cid:129) Conditions outside of the HVAC system causing fail- 4. oneormoresystemsarefoundtobeincapableofachiev- u
t
e
ure—investigate whether water leaks, vandalism, a ingtheirperformanceobjectives,and/or d

f
probleminthebuildingenvelope,orsomeotherexternal 5. upon documented recommendation from the mainte- o
r

factoriscausingtheproblem. nanceprovider. A
S
H
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4 ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCAStandard180-2012 y
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5. REQUIREDINSPECTIONANDMAINTENANCE To determine the required inspection and maintenance ht
e
TASKS tasksforeachsubsystemorpieceofequipmentinabuilding, d
m
usethefollowingprocedure. at
This section lists the required minimum inspection and e
r
i
maintenance tasks for any facility to which this standard a
1. ReferringtotheHVACequipmentandsystemsinventory l
applies. The maintenance program for the facility shall l
prepared as required in Section 4.2.1 of this standard, ic
includeataminimumallofthelistedinspectionandmainte- e
preparealistingofthedifferentequipmentorsubsystem ns
nancetasksthatapplytotheHVACsystemsandrelatedequip- e
typesthatexistinthebuilding. d
mentinthefacility.Thetypesofequipmentandsystemsfor t
o
2. Using this list, identify from Tables 5-1 through 5-25
whichtasksarelistedareasfollows. R
i
thosethatapplytotheHVACsystemsandequipmentin c
h
a
TableNumber Equipment/System thebuilding. rd

5-1 AirDistributionSystems IftheHVACsystemforthefacilitycontainssubsys- Zi
e
5-2 AirHandlers temsorequipmentthatisnotfoundinthetablesinthis li
n
5-3 Boilers section, use inspection and maintenance items from sk
i
5-4 Chillers—Absorption tables for similar subsystems or equipment or create a o
n
5-5 Chillers—AirCooled newlistofappropriateitems. 2
0
5-6 Chillers—WaterCooled 3. At a minimum, the maintenance plan for the building 16
-
5-7 CoilsandRadiators shall include each of the inspection and maintenance 06
-
5-8 CondensingUnits tasksfromalloftheapplicabletables. 15

5-9 ControlSystems 4. Themaintenanceprogrammayincludeotherinspection for
5-10 CoolingTowersandEvaporative-Cooled and maintenance tasks to preserve the ability of the li
Devices subsystem or equipment to achieve acceptable thermal cen
5-11 Dehumidification and Humidification comfort,energyefficiency,andindoorairquality. see
Devices 5. Thisstandardshallnotsupersedeequipmentmanufactur- 's
5-12 Economizers—AirSide ers’ instructions and guidelines that may require more use
5-13 Engines,Microturbines frequentorincreasedtasks. on
5-14 Fans (e.g., Exhaust, Supply, Transfer, ly
Note: In cases where manufacturers require more .
Return)
frequenttasks(ormoretasks)thanthesetablesshow,this A
5-15 Fan-Coils, Hot Water and Steam Unit ll
standard does not require its users to perform the addi-
Heaters ri
tionalmaintenancetocomplywiththestandard. g
5-16 Furnaces,CombustionUnitHeaters ht
s
5-17 HVACWaterDistributionSystems r
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5-18 IndoorSectionDuct-FreeSplits e
r
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5-19 OutdoorAirHeatExchangingSystems e
d
.
5-20 PTAC/PTHP (Package Terminal Air
N
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ConditionersorHeatPumps)
f
u
5-21 Pumps r
t
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5-22 RooftopUnits e
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5-23 SteamDistributionSystems r
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5-24 Terminal and Control Boxes (e.g.,VAV, r
o
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FanPowered,Bypass) u
c
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5-25 Water-SourceHeatPumps i
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ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCAStandard180-2012 5 y
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or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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TABLE5-1 AirDistributionSystems ht
e
d

m
Inspection/MaintenanceTask Frequency* a
t
e
r
i
Checkcontrolsystemanddevicesforevidenceofimproperoperation.Clean,lubricate,repair,adjustorreplace a
a componentstoensureproperoperation. Semiannually l l
i
c
e
b Visuallyinspectgrilles,registers,anddiffusersfordirtaccumulation.Cleanasneededtoremovedirtbuildup. Semiannually n
s
e
d
c Assessfield-serviceablebearings.Lubricateifnecessary. Annually t
o

R
d Checkforproperdamperoperation.Clean,lubricate,repair,replace,oradjustasneededtoensureproperoperation. Annually i
c
h
a
e Visuallyinspectareasofmoistureaccumulationforbiologicalgrowth.Ifpresent,cleanordisinfectasneeded. Annually rd

Z
i
f Visuallyinspectexposedductworkforinsulationandvaporbarrierintegrity.Correctasneeded. Annually e
l
i
n
Visuallyinspectinternallylinedductworkuntilthefirstturnorupto20ft(6.1m)fromapotentialmoisturesource,such sk
i
g asasupplyplenum,fromairhandler,outdoorairdamper,humidifier,etc.forwaterdamageand/orbiological Annually o
n
contaminationand,ifnecessary,takecorrectiveaction.
2
0
1
*RefertoSection4.2.2.dforproceduretomodifyfrequency. 6-
0
6
-
1
5

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or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAE's prior written permission. py
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TABLE5-2 AirHandlers ht
e
d

m
Inspection/MaintenanceTask Frequency* a
t
e
r
i
a Checkforparticulateaccumulationonfilters.Cleanorreplaceasnecessarytoensureproperoperation. Quarterly a
l

l
b Checkultravioletlamp.Cleanorreplaceasneededtoensureproperoperation. Quarterly ic
e
n
s
Checkcontrolsystemanddevicesforevidenceofimproperoperation.Clean,lubricate,repair,adjust,orreplaceas e
c neededtoensureproperoperation. Semiannually d t
o

R
d CheckP-trap.Primeasneededtoensureproperoperation. Semiannually i
c
h
a
Checkfanbelttension.Checkforbeltwearandreplaceifnecessarytoensureproperoperation.Checksheavesfor rd
e Semiannually
evidenceofimproperalignmentorevidenceofwearandcorrectasneeded. Zi
e
l
i
f Checkvariable-frequencydriveforproperoperation.Correctasneeded. Semiannually n
s
k
i
Checkforproperoperationofcoolingorheatingcoilfordamageorevidenceofleaks.Clean,restore,orreplaceas o
g Semiannually n
required.
2
0
1
h Checkairfilterfitandhousingsealintegrity.Correctasneeded. Annually 6-
0
6
-
i Checkcontrolboxfordirt,debrisand/orlooseterminations.Cleanandtightenasneeded. Annually 1
5

f
j Checkmotorcontactorforpittingorothersignsofdamage.Repairorreplaceasneeded. Annually or

l
i
k Checkfanbladesandfanhousing.Clean,repair,orreplaceasneededtoensureproperoperation. Annually c
e
n
s
Checkrefrigerantsystemtemperatures.Ifoutsideofrecommendedlevels,findcause,repair,andadjustrefrigerant ee
l Annually '
chargetoachieveoptimaloperatinglevels. s
u
s
e
Checkintegrityofallpanelsonequipment.Replacefastenersasneededtoensureproperintegrityandfit/finishof
m equipment. Annually onl
y
.

n Assessfieldserviceablebearings.Lubricateifnecessary. Annually
A
l
l
o Checkdrainpan,drainline,andcoilforbiologicalgrowth.Cleanasneeded. Annually r
i
g
h
p Checkforevidenceofbuilduporfoulingonheatexchangesurfaces.Restoreasneededtoensureproperoperation. Annually t
s

r
Inspectforevidenceofmoisturecarryoverbeyondthedrainpanfromcoolingcoils.Makecorrectionsorrepairsas es
q Annually e
necessary. rv
e
d
.
r Checkforproperdamperoperation.Clean,lubricate,repair,replace,oradjustasneededtoensureproperoperation. Annually
N
o

s Visuallyinspectareasofmoistureaccumulationforbiologicalgrowth.Ifpresent,cleanordisinfectasneeded. Annually fu
r
t
h
t Checkcondensatepump.Cleanorreplaceasneeded. Annually e
r

r
u Visuallyinspectexposedductworkandexternalpipingforinsulationandvaporbarrierforintegrity.Correctasneeded. Annually ep
r
o
d
*RefertoSection4.2.2.dforproceduretomodifyfrequency. u
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TABLE5-3 Boilers ht
e
d

m
Inspection/MaintenanceTask Frequency* a
t
e
r
i
a Visuallyinspectfuelfilter.Clean,repair,orreplaceasneededtoensureproperoperation. Monthly a
l

l
b Performchemicaltestingofsystemwater.Treatasneededtoensureproperwaterchemistry. Monthly ic
e
n
s
c Checkfuelpumpforproperoperation.Repairorreplaceasneededtoensureproperoperation. Quarterly e
d

t
d Inspectblowdownordrainvalve.Clearalldebristoensureproperoperation.Repairorreplaceifneeded. Quarterly o
R
i
c
Checkforevidenceofleakageoffuelsupply,heattransferfluid,andfluegas.Repairasneededtoensureproper h
e operation. Quarterly ard

Z
i
Checkcontrolsystemanddevicesforevidenceofimproperoperation.Clean,lubricate,repair,replace,oradjust e
f Semiannually li
componentsasneededtoensureproperoperation. n
s
k
i
g Checkcontrolboxfordirt,debris,and/orlooseterminations.Cleanandtightenasneeded. Annually o
n

2
h Checkmotorcontactorforpittingorothersignsofdamage.Repairorreplaceasneeded. Annually 0
1
6
-
i Checkforevidenceofbuilduporfouling,corrosion,ordegradationonheatexchangesurfaces.Restoreasneededto Annually 06-
ensureproperoperation. 1
5

f
j Checkforproperdamperoperation.Clean,lubricate,repair,replace,oradjustasneededtoensureproperoperation. Annually or

l
i
Checkcombustionchamber,burner,andfluefordeterioration,moistureproblems,condensation,andcombustion c
k Annually en
products.Clean,test,andadjustcombustionprocessforproperoperation. s
e
e
'
Inspectrefractoryfordamageorwear.Repairorreplaceasnecessarytoensureproperoperation.Cleanupperandlower s
l Annually u
drums. s
e

o
m Observeburnerflameathighloadforcorrectclearancefromrefractory. Annually nl
y
.

n Verifyproperoperationofsafetydevicespermanufacturer’srecommendations.Repairorreplaceasneeded. Annually
A
l
l
*RefertoSection4.2.2.dforproceduretomodifyfrequency. r
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