Annual report : National Institutes of Health. Division of Computer Research and Technology

64 Pages·1994·2.1 MB·English

by  National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Computer Research and Technology

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PROJECTNUMBER
DEPARTMEmOFHEALTHANDHUMANSERVICES•PUBLICHEALTHSERVCE
NOTICE OF INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROJECT ZOl CT00002-25 OCB
PERIODCOVERED
October 1, 1993 toSeptember30, 1994
TITLEOFPROJECT (80charactersorless. Titlemusttitononelinebetweentheborders.)
Computer-aidedAnalysisofElectrocardiography
PRINCIPALINVESTIGATOR (ListotherprofessionalpersonnelbelowthePrincipalInvestigator.) (Name,title,laboratory,andinstituteaffiliation)
PI: J.J. Bailey,M.D. MedicalOfficer OCB/DCRT
Others: E.W. Pottala,Ph.D. ElectronicEngineer DSB,DCRT
R.W. Bowser,B.Sc. Engineer CreightonUniv
D.MacAreavcy,M.D. Cardiologist NHLB/CB
R.Fletcher, M.D. Chief,Cardiology VAMedCtr,Wash,DC
J.P. Moak, M.D. Director,EPLab Children'sNaUMedCtr
COOPERATINGUNITS (itany)
DistriobutedSystemsBranch,DCRT(E.Pottala);CardiologyBranch,NHLBI(D.MacAreavey);CreightonUniversity
CardiacCenter(R.Bowser);ElectrophysiologyLaboratory,Children'sNationalMedicalCenter(J.Moak);Cardiology
Department,Veteran'sAffairsMedicalCenter,Washington,DC(R.Hetcher)
OfficeofComputationalBiosciences
INSTITUTEANDLOCATION DCRT,NIH,Bethesda,Md20892-5650
TOTALSTAFFYEARS: 0.9 PROFESSIONAL^0.8 0.1
CnHECKAPPROPRIATEBOX(ES) D n
(a)Humansubjects (b)Humantissues (c)Neither
(a1)Minors
D
(a2)Interviews
~"
SUMMARYOFWORK (Usestandardunreducedtype. Donotexceedthespaceprovided.) '
Thesestudiesaredirectedtowardevaluatingtheprognosticpoweroftheelectrocardiogram,whenanalyzedbyadvanced
computermethodology,andthepredictiveaccuracyofdiagnosticcriteria,whenimplementedinECGcomputerprograms.
Appropriateuseofdigitalsignalprocessinginelectrocardiographyrequiresapplicationofstatistically-basedtechniquesof
informationtheoryandmathematically-basedengineeringmethods,aswellasknowledgeofitsclinicalrelevance.
Additionalstudiesaredirectedtowardtheanalysisofheartrate,bloodpressureandrespiratorysignalsthataffectsyncopal
patientsduringtable-tilttesting,usingautoregressivemodelsandthecorrespondingpowerspectra.Syncopecanbe
disablingforpatientsand,attimes,lifethreatening.Anunderstandingoftheautonomicnervoussystemmechanisms
responsibleforsyncopemayindicateappropriatetherapy.
Thesestudieshavebeenre-directedtowardtheanalysisofambulatoryelectrocardiography(AECGs).Despiteextensive
UteratureshowingthatinformationextractedbycomputeranalysisofAECGscanberelatedtocardiacriskfactors,thereare
nostandardmethodsfortheroutineanalysisofAECGsinthisrapidlyevolvingfield.Theobjectiveofthisresearchisto
carryforwardpreviousworkinbiosignalanalysisandtoadaptmethodologies,withthegoalofimplementingasmuch
automationaspossibletoenableandexpeditetheinterpretationofthehugestreamsofAECGdata.

PROJECTNUMBER
DEPARTMENTOFHEALTHANDHUMANSERVICES-PUBLICHEALTHSERVICE
NOTICE OF INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROJECT Z01 CT0010-20 PSL
PERIODCOVERED
October 1, 1993to September30, 1994
TITLEOFPROJECT (80charactersorless. Titlemustfitononelinebetweentheborders.)
MathematicalandComputationalMethodsforSolvingNonlinearEquations
PRINCIPALINVESTIGATOR(ListotherprofessionalpersonnelbelowthePrincipalInvestigator.) (Name,title,laboratory,andinstituteaffiliation)
Pi. GR..IH..ShWeriasgse,rPh.D. RCheiseefa,rcPhSLMathematician DDCCRRTT//PPSSLL
P.J. Munson, Ph.D. Section Chief DCRT/LSB
others: M.S. Lewis, Ph.D. NCRR/BEIP
S-J. Kim, Ph.D. NCI/DCBDC
R. Berger, Ph.D. Section Chief NHLBI/LCB
R. Hendler, Ph.D. Section Chief NHLBI/LCB
CC/NMD
R.Carson, Ph.D. ResearchMathematician
UUUPLHAIINUUNIIS (Hany)
UniversityofMilan, Italy(G.E.Rovati, Ph.D.);J.Nehru University,NewDelhi, India(S.Bose, Ph.D.);Washington
UniversitySchoolofMedicine,St. Louis(D.W. Myers, Ph.D.,G.K.Ackers, Ph.D.);SmithKlineBeecham
Pharmaceuticals, KingofPrussia, PA(M.L. Doyle, Ph.D.); UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego(K.D.Vandegriff,
Ph.D.);Tel-AvivUniversity, Israel(U.Shmueli, Ph.D., R.Schach, Ph.D., I.Goldberg, Ph.D.).
LAB/BRANCH PhysicalSciencesLaboratory
NSTrruTEANDLOCATION QivisionofComputerResearch&Technology, BIdg. 12A, Room2007, Bethesda, MD
pn«QP
TOTALMAN-YEARS: 5.0 PROFESSIONAL: 5.0
CnHECKAPPROPRIATEBOX(ES) D H
(a)Humansubjects (b) Humantissues (c) Neither
(a1)Minors
D
(a2) Interviews
SUMMARYOFWORK (usestanaarounreauceatype, uonotexceeatnespaceprovioeo.)
Thisprojecthelpsinvestigatorscopewithcomplexequationsthatmodelbiologicalsystems,andincludesthe
following studies:
1) Ultracentrifuge(withM.S.Lewis,S-J. Kim): DNA-proteininteractionsareanalyzedusingpseudo-inverse
matrices.
2) Hemoglobins(withK.D.Vandegriff, R.M.Winslow,V.W. MacDonald, M.L. Doyle):oxygenationandoxidation
ofhemoglobinsarestudiedbyspectrophotometryandsingularvaluedecomposition(SVD).
3) X-raycrystallography(withU.Shmueli, R.Schach,G.H.Weiss):methodsweredevelopedforrapid
computationoftheprobabilitydensityfunctionused inphasedetermination,andforimprovedestimationof
backgroundradiationinX-raydiffraction.
4) Imagingregionalcerebralbloodflow(withRE.Carson):amethodthatdoesnotrequireexplicit(and
invasive) measurementofarterialflowwasprogrammedandtested.
5) KineticsofBacteriorhodopsin(with R.W. HendlQr,S. Bose):severalmodelsoflight-intensitydependence
are beingtested.
6) Kineticsofcytochromeaa3(withR.W. Hendler,S. Bose):spectrophotometricstudiesinvolvingSVD,
pseudo-inverses, andothermethods, are inprogress.
7) Protein-ligandbinding(withP.J. Munson,G.E. Rovati):aprogramfornonlinearleastsquaresfittingof
bindingdataisunderdevelopment.

PROJECTNUMBER
DEPARTMENTOFHEALTHANDHUMANSERVICES-PUBLICHEALTHSERVCE
NOTICE OF INTRAMURAL RESEARCH PROJECT Z01 CT00014-27 PSL
PERIODCOVERED
October 1, 1993to September30, 1994
TITLEOFPROJECT (80charactersorless. Titlemustfitononelinebetweentheborders.)
InstrumentalAnalysis
PRINCIPALINVESTIGATOR(ListotherprofessionalpersonnelbelowthePrincipalInvestigator.) (Name,title,laboratory,andinstituteaffiliation)
PI: G.H.Weiss, Ph.D. Chief,PSL DCRT,PSL
Others:
J.D.Bryngelson, Ph.D.,S. Pajevic, Ph.D., R.Shrager,S.Sastry, Ph.D., HaimTaitelbaum, Ph.D.(DCRT/PSL);
S. Bacharach, Ph.D., R. Carson, Ph.D. (CC/NM);J.A.Ferretti, Ph.D.,Gruchus, Ph.D. (NHLBI/IR);M.Garner,
Ph.D., R.Goans, Ph.D.,A.Yergey, Ph.D. (NICHD/LTPB);B. Horowitz,M.D.,J.vanMeter, Ph.D.(NIA/LN);L.
Yaroslavsky, Ph.D. (NCRR/BEIP)
COOPERATINGUNITS (ifany)
FrederickCancerResearchFacility(D.Covell, Ph.D.);Tel-AvivUniversity, Israel(U.Shmueli, Ph.D.)
PhysicalSciencesLaboratory
INSTITUTEANDLOCATION DlvlsionofComputerResearchandTechnology, BIdg. 12A, Room2007, Bethesda, MD
20892
TOTALMAN-YEARS: 2.50 PROFESSIONAL: 2.50
CnHECKAPPROPRIATEBOX(ES) D H
(a)Humansubjects (b)Humantissues (c) Neither
(a1)Minors
(32)Interviews
SUIulMARYOFWORK (Usestandardunreducedtype. Donotexceedthespaceprovided.)
Thisprojecthasseveralcomponentsrelatedtodifferentbiomedicalinstrumentationmodalities. Onetypeof
Studyistofindoptimaldesignsformeasuringinvivofirst-orderrateconstantsbymeansofNMRmagnetization
transferexperiments. Itisimportantto makethesemeasurementsasquicklyaspossibletominimizeartefacts
duetophysiologicalchangesthatmightoccurduringthecourseoftheexperiment. Inthecourseofaproject
currentlybeingcompleted, aneasily-implementedoptimalexperimentwasdesigned, usingtheassumptionthat
theexperimenterknowsanapriorirangefortherateconstant,butalsothattheassociatedspin-latticerelaxation
time(T,) isknown. Thissomewhatartificialassumptionisdroppedinthecurrentapproachtothisproblem.
Aprojectrelatedtomanyaspectsofmedicalimaginghasrequiredthedevelopmentofasimulationpackageto
examineproblemsraisedbypositron-emissiontomography(PET)andsingle-photonemissiontomography
(SPECT). Forthispurpose,acurrentlyavailableprogram(SIMSET,developedatthe UniversityofWashington)
hasbeenmodifiedtomoreaccuratelymodelthedesignofequipmentingeneralhospitaluse. Severalprojects
usingthisprogramwillbeundertakeninthecomingyear.
AmonographwrittenbyU. Shmueli andG.H. Weiss, "AnIntroductiontoCrystallographicStatistics,"w\\\be
publishedbyOxford UniversityPress intheforthcomingyear.