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THE COMPLIANCE INFORMATION RESOURCE FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS Magazine 2 011 ANNUAL GUIDE A Compliance Handbook for Electrical Engineers Wide Variety of Antennas for Your EMC Testing Needs Combilog Antenna Log Periodic Antenna Dipole Antenna Set Biconical Antenna Monopole Antenna Active Horn Antenna Loop Antenna Passive Horn Antennas up to 40 GHz SCtaeanosdvmtie nv- egpTr.oi yWmw reeeear p saorofnofnvedaird bsMe lae qo wpunriiidcecekey sdvb.aeyrlii veSethyr yoo, fpt hapeni tnbeegns nFta wrso afomrrra EnAtM yS Ciinn cogoulmre ip nSldioaunuscrtercy e, CTohmrFepaees-ttyi etDiaverel iWPverarircyrianngty OTHER PRODUCTS INCLUDE: Spectrum Analyzers & Receivers • Power Amplifiers • Turntables • Masts & Tripods • Product Safety Accessories Preamplifiers • Comb Generators • LISNs • CDNs • ISNs • Absorbing Clamps Contact us at 714.528.8800 or [email protected] www.com-power.com 114 Olinda Drive, Brea, California 92823 • tel 714.528.8800 • fax 714.528.1992 • [email protected] Complete Compliance AAllll nneeww MMOODDUULLAARR CCoommppaacctt IImmmmuunniittyy TTeesstteerr TTRRAA33000000 Modular Plug and Play design. Confi gure as needed now, add more circuits later using just a screw driver. No soldering. Ethernet interface with on-board web server and I/P addressing enables computer control from any computer with a web browser, even over your LAN! USB and RS232 interfaces in- cluded. Complete solution to IEC 61000-4-16 continuous and short duration test requirements. Full line of AUTOMATED three phase and I/O line CDN’s up 100 Amps per phase. Confi gure with available accessories to meet some or all of the following CE MARK requirements: IEC 61000-4-2, -4, -5, -8, -9, -11, -16, -29 AA Batteries Included ESD3000 - The only 30kV Key Features ESD Simulator which is both AA battery powered and com- pletely hand-held, eliminating • Modular – buy only the circuits you need today. Add more capability base unit, external power supply, using only a screwdriver and tether. • Ethernet Control Interface & I/P Addressing -- Remote operation via any web browser • Solid State High Voltage Switching -- Clean, repeatable, pulses • Fiber Optic Impulse Trigger -- Precise phase angle synchronization • 400 Hz Rated CDN – Enables testing in military and avionics applica- tions • Fully Automated Front Panel Testing – Flexibility to test with or with- out controlling PC • Meets latest EFT Waveform Verifi cation Requirements – The perfect upgrade for your old tester! Call Today 703-365-2330 www.hvtechnologies.com • [email protected] CONTENTS DEPARTMENTS EMC (continued) Compliance Solutions 10 Narrowband and Broadband Discrimination Consultants 216 with a Spectrum Analyzer or EMI Receiver 94 Product/Service Spotlights 218 Design and Selection of Buyer’s Guide 222 Shielding Gaskets for Medical Devices and the Effect of Cleaning Solutions on Material Performance 100 ENGINEERING Assessing the BASICS EMC Performance of PCB Shields by A Dash of Maxwell’s Electromagnetic Modeling 108 A Maxwell’s Equations Primer Testing for Immunity PART 1: An Introduction 26 to EMP 116 PART 2: Why Things Radiate 36 History of CISPR 120 PART 3: The Difference a Requirements of the Del Makes 44 Automotive EMC Laboratory Recognition Program 125 PART 4: Equations Even a Computer Can Love 52 EMC and Railway Safety 132 PART 5: Radiation from a Small Wire Element 60 ITE Requirements PART 6: The Method of Around the Globe 137 Moments 70 EMC PRODUCT SAFETY The Basic Principles Discovering EMC’s Role of Shielding 80 in Functional Safety 140 All Ferrite Beads Ensuring Connectivity Are Not Created Equal 86 During Product Safety Testing 148 Contents continues on page 7 4 IN Compliance 2011 Annual Guide www.incompliancemag.com Magazine Lorie Nichols Sharon Smith Publisher & Editor Director of Sales [email protected] [email protected] Erin C. Feeney Barbara Kovalchek Director of Media Services Media Consultant [email protected] [email protected] IN Compliance Magazine IN Compliance Magazine subscriptions are free ISSN 1948-8254 (print) to qualified subscribers in North America. Subscriptions outside North ISSN 1948-8262 (online) America are $124.95 per year (12 issues). The Digital Edition is free. is published by Same Page Publishing LLC Please contact our circulation department at [email protected] P.O. Box 235 Hopedale, MA 01747 tel: (508) 488-6274 For information about advertising with IN Compliance, fax: (508) 488-6114 please call 978-873-7722 or e-mail [email protected]. Copyright 2011 IN Compliance Magazine, all rights reserved. Contents may not be reproduced in any form without the prior consent of the publisher. While every attempt is made to provide accurate information, neither the publisher nor the authors accept any liability for errors or omissions. DILBERT: © Scott Adams/Dist. by United Feature Syndicate, Inc. Reprinted with permission. 6 IN Compliance 2011 Annual Guide www.incompliancemag.com CONTENTS PRODUCT SAFETY (continued) ENVIRONMENTAL (continued) Compliance with Best Practices for Product Safety Standards REACH Compliance as a Defense to Management for Product Liability Litigation 152 Electronics OEMs 211 Safety Considerations ADVERTISERS INDEX 250 for Smart Grid top/right trim of magazine Technology Equipment 156 top trim of magazine ESD AA WWoorrlldd AAppaarrtt The Fundamentals of ESD IInn aa WWoorrlldd ooff PPaarrttss!! PART 1: An Introduction to ESD 162 Custom Shields and Metal Parts. PART 2: Principles of Fotofab’s process of photochemical etching ESD Control 168 offers speed, flexibility and precision unmatched by traditional manufacturing PART 3: Basic ESD Control methods. Procedures and Materials 172 q Print to part in 1 day - we’re that fast! PART 4: Training and Auditing 178 q Fotofab’s technical staff will drive your project - even without a print. PART 5: Device Sensitivity q Complex features, non-standard sizes and Testing 184 and company logos are free. q Fotofab can form, plate and package PART 6: Standards 188 your parts... Just tell us what you need! ENVIRONMENTAL Basic Understanding of IEC Standard Testing for Photovoltaic Panels 194 Electronic Waste: How Waste Leads to Design Challenges 206 You’ll see the difference as soon as you talk to us. Contact our sales staff today, or request your free shielding sample kit and design guide at www.fotofab.com/shield 773.463.6211 3758 W. Belmont Avenue 2011 Annual Guide IN Compliance 7 FAX.463.3387 Chicago, IL 60618 [email protected] USA ABOUT THE INSTRUCTOR Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering Henry W. Ott is President and Principal Consultant of Henry Ott Consultants (www.hottconsultants.com), an EMC training and consulting organization. He has literally “written the book” on the subject of EMC and is a course in noise and interference control in electronic systems considered by many to be the nation’s leading EMC educator. He is the author of the popular EMC book Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems (1976, 1988). Th e book has sold over 65,000 copies and has been translated into six other languages. In addition to knowing his subject, Mr. Ott has the rare ability to communicate that knowledge to others. May 24 - 26, 2011 Westford Regency, Westford MA Mr. Ott’s newly published (Aug. 2009) 872-page book, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, is the most comprehensive book available on EMC. While still retaining the core information that made Noise Reduction Techniques an international success, this new book contains over 600 pages of new and revised material. Prior to starting his own consulting company, Mr. Ott was with AT&T Bell Laboratories, Whippany, NJ for 30 years, where he was a TOPICS INCLUDE: In this three-day intensive course Feedback from recent participants Distinguished Member of the Technical Staff and a consultant on EMC. we cover practical aspects of noise and  Cabling iwnet eprrfeorveindcee a c wonotrrkoinl ign k enleocwtrleodngice soyfs tEeMmsC a nd “isTh v eirs yi sp rreaacltliyc aal ,f aanntda sIt ihca cvoeu ars me. uEcvhe rmytohrien g Monr .t hOet Bt oisa ard L oiffe DFeirlelocwto rosf, tEhdeu IcEaEtiEon. CFoorm omveirt t2e0e Cyehaarisr, mMarn. ,O Syttm hpaos ssieurmve dC tohme mEMitteCe SCohcaieirtmy iann vaanrdio Vusi ccea pParecsitidieesn itn oclfu Cdionngf:e rmenecmesb. e Hrshei pis intuitive feel for what is important in EMC also a member of the ESD Association and a NARTE certifi ed ESD engineer. He is a past Distinguished Lecturer of the EMC Society, and principles.  Grounding Principles and why.” lectures extensively on the subject of EMC. Ideas are illustrated with examples of actual case  Digital Layout & Grounding “Very enjoyable presentation; passionate about histories and mathematic complexity is kept to subject, used good practical examples.” REGISTRATION AND FEES--See early registration discount below! a minimum.  High Speed Digital Decoupling COURSE DATES/TIME: May 24 - 26, 2011 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. “Henry is the best in EMC.” Participants will gain knowledge needed to COURSE LOCATION: Westford Regency, 219 Littleton Road, Westford, MA 01886  D-M Emission Modeling design electronic equipment that is compatible COURSE FEE: $1,395 ($1,245 until 4/15/2011). Fees include notes, textbook*, breakfast, luncheon and beverage breaks. “Probably the most useful technical seminar I with the electromagnetic environment and in Payment required prior to course. Hotel accommodations are NOT included. have ever attended. Should have learned this  Common-Mode Filtering compliance with national and international 20 years ago.” CANCELLATION POLICY: You may cancel your registration up to two weeks prior to the course and receive a full refund. For cancellations EMC regulations. received after this time there will be a $100 cancellation fee, or you can send a substitute, or use the registration  Transmission Lines “Th ank You. Your work is very valuable and for a future course. No-shows will not receive a refund; however the seminar fee may be applied to a future course. your presentation style is refreshing!!”  Mixed Signal PCBs Who Should Attend REGISTRATION: Call 973-992-1793, fax 973-533-1442 or mail the registration form. HOTEL RESERVATIONS: Call the Westford Regency toll free at 800-543-7801 or 978-692-8200. Room rates are $115 per night. You “Really happy I fl ew all the way here.” Th is course is directed toward electrical must mention In Compliance Magazine when making reservations to get this special rate. Th e hotel is holding a  RF & Transient Immunity engineers. However, mechanical engineers, limited block of rooms for course attendees. “Excellent course! Presented in a very reliability and standards engineers, technical understandable way, even for a mechanical *Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, by Henry W. Ott  Conducted Emission managers, systems engineers, regulatory engineer.” compliance engineers, technicians and  Shielding others who need a working knowledge of “Should be required training for all engineers.” REGISTRATION FORM electromagnetic compatibility engineering ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ENGINEERING Register by “Th is is the best practical course available.” principles will also benefi t from the course. May 24 - 26, 2011 Westford Regency, Westford, MA 4/15/11 and get Fee: ___ $1,395 ___ $1,245 until 4/15/2011 “An excellent seminar presented by a $150 off Payment required prior to start of course. pragmatic, knowledgeable and entertaining Includes Henry Ott’s latest book: teacher.” Learn from Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering Name: _________________________________________ PAYMENT METHOD EMC Pioneer “Th is seminar exceeded by far my expectations, Henry Ott! and my expectations were high already.” Title: __________________________________________ ❍ Check ❍ P.O. ❍ AMEX Company: ______________________________________ ❍ Discover ❍ Visa ❍ MC Address: ________________________________________ Card # _____________________________ Exp date: ____________ City: _______________ State: ______ Zip: __________ Signature: _______________________________________________ EMC Exhibits and evening reception - Wednesday, May 25, 2011 Presented by Henry Ott Consultants Offi ce Phone: _______________________ Fax: ______________________ E-Mail: ____________________________________ Exhibitors: for information contact Sharon Smith in partnership with [email protected] or (978) 873-7722 Call 973-992-1793, fax to 973-533-1442 or mail registration form to: Henry Ott Consultants, 48 Baker Road, Livingston, NJ 07039-2502. www.incompliancemag.com Make checks payable to Henry Ott Consultants. ABOUT THE INSTRUCTOR Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering Henry W. Ott is President and Principal Consultant of Henry Ott Consultants (www.hottconsultants.com), an EMC training and consulting organization. He has literally “written the book” on the subject of EMC and is a course in noise and interference control in electronic systems considered by many to be the nation’s leading EMC educator. He is the author of the popular EMC book Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems (1976, 1988). Th e book has sold over 65,000 copies and has been translated into six other languages. In addition to knowing his subject, Mr. Ott has the rare ability to communicate that knowledge to others. May 24 - 26, 2011 Westford Regency, Westford MA Mr. Ott’s newly published (Aug. 2009) 872-page book, Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, is the most comprehensive book available on EMC. While still retaining the core information that made Noise Reduction Techniques an international success, this new book contains over 600 pages of new and revised material. Prior to starting his own consulting company, Mr. Ott was with AT&T Bell Laboratories, Whippany, NJ for 30 years, where he was a TOPICS INCLUDE: In this three-day intensive course Feedback from recent participants Distinguished Member of the Technical Staff and a consultant on EMC. we cover practical aspects of noise and  Cabling iwnet eprrfeorveindcee a c wonotrrkoinl ign k enleocwtrleodngice soyfs tEeMmsC a nd “isTh v eirs yi sp rreaacltliyc aal ,f aanntda sIt ihca cvoeu ars me. uEcvhe rmytohrien g Monr .t hOet Bt oisa ard L oiffe DFeirlelocwto rosf, tEhdeu IcEaEtiEon. CFoorm omveirt t2e0e Cyehaarisr, mMarn. ,O Syttm hpaos ssieurmve dC tohme mEMitteCe SCohcaieirtmy iann vaanrdio Vusi ccea pParecsitidieesn itn oclfu Cdionngf:e rmenecmesb. e Hrshei pis intuitive feel for what is important in EMC also a member of the ESD Association and a NARTE certifi ed ESD engineer. He is a past Distinguished Lecturer of the EMC Society, and principles.  Grounding Principles and why.” lectures extensively on the subject of EMC. Ideas are illustrated with examples of actual case  Digital Layout & Grounding “Very enjoyable presentation; passionate about histories and mathematic complexity is kept to subject, used good practical examples.” REGISTRATION AND FEES--See early registration discount below! a minimum.  High Speed Digital Decoupling COURSE DATES/TIME: May 24 - 26, 2011 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. “Henry is the best in EMC.” Participants will gain knowledge needed to COURSE LOCATION: Westford Regency, 219 Littleton Road, Westford, MA 01886  D-M Emission Modeling design electronic equipment that is compatible COURSE FEE: $1,395 ($1,245 until 4/15/2011). Fees include notes, textbook*, breakfast, luncheon and beverage breaks. “Probably the most useful technical seminar I with the electromagnetic environment and in Payment required prior to course. Hotel accommodations are NOT included. have ever attended. Should have learned this  Common-Mode Filtering compliance with national and international 20 years ago.” CANCELLATION POLICY: You may cancel your registration up to two weeks prior to the course and receive a full refund. For cancellations EMC regulations. received after this time there will be a $100 cancellation fee, or you can send a substitute, or use the registration  Transmission Lines “Th ank You. Your work is very valuable and for a future course. No-shows will not receive a refund; however the seminar fee may be applied to a future course. your presentation style is refreshing!!”  Mixed Signal PCBs Who Should Attend REGISTRATION: Call 973-992-1793, fax 973-533-1442 or mail the registration form. HOTEL RESERVATIONS: Call the Westford Regency toll free at 800-543-7801 or 978-692-8200. Room rates are $115 per night. You “Really happy I fl ew all the way here.” Th is course is directed toward electrical must mention In Compliance Magazine when making reservations to get this special rate. Th e hotel is holding a  RF & Transient Immunity engineers. However, mechanical engineers, limited block of rooms for course attendees. “Excellent course! Presented in a very reliability and standards engineers, technical understandable way, even for a mechanical *Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering, by Henry W. Ott  Conducted Emission managers, systems engineers, regulatory engineer.” compliance engineers, technicians and  Shielding others who need a working knowledge of “Should be required training for all engineers.” REGISTRATION FORM electromagnetic compatibility engineering ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY ENGINEERING Register by “Th is is the best practical course available.” principles will also benefi t from the course. May 24 - 26, 2011 Westford Regency, Westford, MA 4/15/11 and get Fee: ___ $1,395 ___ $1,245 until 4/15/2011 “An excellent seminar presented by a $150 off Payment required prior to start of course. pragmatic, knowledgeable and entertaining Includes Henry Ott’s latest book: teacher.” Learn from Electromagnetic Compatibility Engineering Name: _________________________________________ PAYMENT METHOD EMC Pioneer “Th is seminar exceeded by far my expectations, Henry Ott! and my expectations were high already.” Title: __________________________________________ ❍ Check ❍ P.O. ❍ AMEX Company: ______________________________________ ❍ Discover ❍ Visa ❍ MC Address: ________________________________________ Card # _____________________________ Exp date: ____________ City: _______________ State: ______ Zip: __________ Signature: _______________________________________________ EMC Exhibits and evening reception - Wednesday, May 25, 2011 Presented by Henry Ott Consultants Offi ce Phone: _______________________ Fax: ______________________ E-Mail: ____________________________________ Exhibitors: for information contact Sharon Smith in partnership with [email protected] or (978) 873-7722 Call 973-992-1793, fax to 973-533-1442 or mail registration form to: Henry Ott Consultants, 48 Baker Road, Livingston, NJ 07039-2502. www.incompliancemag.com Make checks payable to Henry Ott Consultants. Advertisement IN THIS COMPETITIVE BUSINESS WORLD, EVERY LITTLE THING MAKES A BIG DIFFERENCE. A.H. Systems, Inc. When you think of Quality, Reliability, Portability, testing. At A.H. Systems we bring portability to a Fast Delivery, and Customer service, the first new level. We specialize in Portable Antenna Kits name that comes to your mind is A.H. Systems, Inc. and provide many models covering the broadband frequency range of 20 Hz to 40 MHz. Excellent With the economy in a downward spiral, every performance, compact size and a lightweight engineer wants a good deal. Especially when it package make each Antenna Kit a preferred choice comes to purchasing one or more antennas. But what for field-testing. Loss and breakage are virtually exactly are they paying for? It isn’t just getting the eliminated because each component has a specific cheapest price for the antenna. It’s what you get with storage compartment in the carrying case. When that antenna that matters. What makes A.H. Systems testing out in the field or traveling, keep them all in better than the competition? We provide what really one case. Travel made easy! matters. In this competitive business world, every little thing makes a big difference. FAST DELIVERY A.H. Systems provides next-day, on-time delivery QUALITY for a fast turn around schedule to help minimize any A.H. Systems is proud to know it is providing the down time the customer may be experiencing during highest quality products available. Quality problems testing. We maintain stock of all of our products and arising in various areas are to be identified and to satisfy frantic customers, we have orders shipped solved with speed, technical efficiency and economy. the “same-day.” We focus our resources, both technical and human, towards the prevention of quality deficiencies to CUSTOMER SERVICE satisfy the organizational goal of “right the first time... When you have a problem in the field during testing, every time”. you need fast answers to solve your problem. How many times have you called a company to speak RELIABILITY to an engineer for a technical problem you are We manufacture a complete line of affordable, experiencing? And it takes many days to get a call reliable, individually calibrated EMC Test Antennas, back, let alone the answer to your problems. At Preamplifiers, Current Probes and Low-Loss, A.H. Systems you get great personal service. A live High-Frequency Cables. All Products are available person to talk to! We are here to assist customers directly from our facility in Chatsworth, CA and with their EMC/EMI testing requirements. We try to solve your problems while you are experiencing through our Distributors and Representatives them. Even before, during and after the Purchase worldwide. Our products keep on working, which Order. Our knowledge in EMC testing and antenna enable us to give a 3-year warranty, the longest in design enables us to offer unique solutions to our industry. specific customer problems. Not only do we solve your problems, we help you find the right antenna. PORTABILITY Talking with our customers and hearing what they How many times have you purchased several have to say enables us to provide better products, antennas and then you forget what department has services and more options for our customers. them or where they are? You discover parts are Call us. We are here to make your problems, missing and the data is lost. You are now frantic non-problems. For more information about our because you have a scheduled deadline for your products visit our website at www.AHSystems.com.

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Com-power offers a wide variety of antennas for EMC compliance testing. solved with speed, technical efficiency and economy. We focus our China. Our sales network of more than. 60 independent representative and Our growth is propelled by meeting increasingly dependent on electronic.
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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.