Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review PDF
Preview Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review
Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review SIXTH EDITION Brian A. Hall, MD Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Robert C. Chantigian, MD Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Table of Contents Cover image Title page Copyright Preface List of Contributors Acknowledgments Part 1: Basic Sciences Chapter 1: Anesthesia Equipment and Physics Anesthesia Equipment and Physics Chapter 2: Respiratory Physiology and Critical Care Medicine Respiratory Physiology and Critical Care Medicine Chapter 3: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Drugs Abstract Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Drugs Chapter 4: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Volatile Anesthetics Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics of Volatile Anesthetics Part 2: Clinical Sciences Chapter 5: Blood Products, Transfusion, and Fluid Therapy Blood Products, Transfusion, and Fluid Therapy Chapter 6: General Anesthesia General Anesthesia Chapter 7: Pediatric Physiology and Anesthesia Abstract Pediatric Physiology and Anesthesia Chapter 8: Obstetric Physiology and Anesthesia Obstetric Physiology and Anesthesia Chapter 9: Neurologic Physiology and Anesthesia Neurologic Physiology and Anesthesia Chapter 10: Anatomy, Regional Anesthesia, and Pain Management Abstract Anatomy, Regional Anesthesia, and Pain Management Chapter 11: Cardiovascular Physiology and Anesthesia Cardiovascular Physiology and Anesthesia Index Copyright Elsevier 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 ANESTHESIA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW, SIXTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-56719-0 Copyright © 2020, by Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details onhow to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notice Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Previous editions copyrighted: 2015, 2010, 2003, 1997, 1992 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019941294 Senior Content Strategist: Sarah E. Barth Content Development Specialist: Angie Breckon Publishing Services Manager: Shereen Jameel Project Manager: Radhika Sivalingam Design Direction: Bridget Hoette Printed in the United States of America. Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Preface Brian A. Hall; Robert C. Chantigian Numerous changes have occurred in medicine in general, and in anesthesia specifically, since work started on the first edition more than three decades ago. What has not changed, however, is the utility and learning value in working through questions and understanding the principles behind the correct answer. This exercise tests one’s knowledge and challenges the reader. As with all earlier editions, the aim of this work is to help the reader identify areas that require more study as well as reinforce previously acquired knowledge. This book is not intended to replace textbooks but to serve as an aid to them. The mere act of reading questions and thinking about possible answers often results in acquisition of new facts. The practice of weighing, deliberating over, and processing information can result in long-term retention of the material. Similarly, answering a question incorrectly also has inherent learning value, particularly if the reader studies the explanation and realizes where he or she erred. All questions have been reviewed, at the very least, by one additional author. Often, vetting has included review by multiple physicians, particularly if there is a controversial aspect to the question or possibility for misinterpretation. This book has stood the test of time and, in fact, the parents of some of the present-day contributors participated in writing earlier editions of the book an entire generation earlier. All the authors, contributors, and proofreaders hope that this book will prove enjoyable, prove intellectually stimulating, and add valuable pearls to the “intellectual database” of all those who read it. List of Contributors Paul Carns, MD Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Paula D.M. Chantigian, MD Assistant Professor of Obstetrics, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Robert C. Chantigian, MD Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Brian A. Hall, MD Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Keith A. Jones, MD Professor of Anesthesiology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama Allan Klompas, MB, ChB, BAO Instructor of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Julian Naranjo, DO Instructor in Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Kent H. Rehfeldt, MD, FASE Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Francis X. Whalen, MD Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Acknowledgments Brian A. Hall, MD; Robert C. Chantigian, MD The large and diverse body of information contained in the sixth edition of Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Review is more extensive than ever before and required input and consultation from numerous participants. Great care has gone into vetting all questions to ensure they are scientifically sound and provide useful information to the reader. Recent editions of anesthesia textbooks, publications from anesthesia journals, websites for specialty guidelines, and so on, all served as sources or references for the multiple choice questions. In addition to the co-authors, the authors wish to express their gratitude to Drs. Martin Abel, Dorothee Bremerich, Jonathan Charnin, David Danielson, Niki Dietz, William Lanier, Troy Seelhammer, Juraj Sprung, Mathew Warner, Denise Wedel, Toby Weingarten, Roger White, and Tara Hall, RRT. Several Mayo Clinic anesthesia residents checked textbook references and citations and proofread the chapters before production was carried out. The authors are grateful to the following physicians: Kaitlyn Brennan, D.O., MPH Layne Bettini, M.D., J.D. Ashley Dahl, M.D. Paul Davis, M.D. Lindsay Hunter Guervara, M.D. Jeffrey Huang, MD Megan Hamre, M.D. Melissa Kenevin, M.D. Matthew Moldan, M.D. Daniel Plack, M.D. MacKenzie Quale, M.D. Torunn Sivesind, M.D. Lindsay Warner, M.D. Danielle Zheng, M.D., Ph.D.
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