. . • : .... '. ^.As.^!.i! ^!A^!s.i Andrew Carnegie i i i i i i i i Andrew Carnegie ANDREW CARNEGIE Joseph Frazier Wall University of Pittsburgh Press Publishedbythe UniversityofPittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, Pa., 15260 Copyright © 1970byOxford University Press Copyright © 1989bythe UniversityofPittsburgh Press All rights reserved Bakerand Taylor International, London Manufacturedinthe United StatesofAmerica LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Publication Data Wall,Joseph Frazier. Andrew Carnegie/Joseph FrazierWall, p. cm. Originally published: New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-8229-3828-6 ISBN 0-8229-5904-6 (pbk.) — — 3.1P.hCilaarnntehgrioep,isAtnsd—reUwn,it1e8d35State1s91—9.Bio2g.raUpnhiyt.ed4S.taItnedsustrBiiaolgisrtasp—hy.United States— Biography. 5. Steel industryand trade—United States. I.Title. CT275.C3W33 1989 ~973.8'092'4-dcl9 [B] 88-38160 CIP For Allan Nevins Teacher, Mentor, and Friend