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Ancient Libraries PDF

502 Pages·2013·4.401 MB·English
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more information - www.cambridge.org/9781107012561 AncientLibraries The circulation of books was the motor of classical civilisation. But books were both expensive and rare, and so libraries – private and public,royalandcivic–playedkeyrolesinarticulatingintellectuallife. Thiscollection,writtenbyaninternationalteamofscholars,presents afundamentalreassessmentofhowancientlibrariescameintobeing, howtheywereorganisedandhowtheywereused.Drawingonpapy- rologyandarchaeology,andonaccountswrittenbythosewhoread and wrote in them, it presents new research on reading cultures, on bookcollectingandontheoriginsofmonumentallibrarybuildings. Many of the traditional stories told about ancient libraries are chal- lenged. Few were really enormous, none was designed as a research centreandoccasionalconflagrationsdonotexplainthelossofmost ancienttexts.ButthecentralplaceoflibrariesinGreco-Romanculture emergesmoreclearlythanever. jason ko¨nig is Senior Lecturer in Greek at the University of St Andrews. He works broadly on the Greek literature and culture oftheRomanEmpire.HeisauthorofAthleticsandLiteratureinthe Roman Empire (2005) and Saints and Symposiasts: The Literature of FoodandtheSymposiuminGreco-RomanandEarlyChristianCulture (2012),andeditor,jointlywithTimWhitmarsh,ofOrderingKnowledge intheRomanEmpire(2007). katerina oikonomopoulou is a postdoctoral research fellow fortheprogramme‘MedicineoftheMind,PhilosophyoftheBody– Discourses of Health and Well-Being in the Ancient World’ at the Humboldt-Universita¨tzuBerlin.Sheisco-editor,withFriedaKlotz, ofThePhilosopher’sBanquet:Plutarch’s‘TableTalk’intheIntellectual CultureoftheRomanEmpire(2011). greg woolf is Professor of Ancient History at the University of StAndrews.HisbooksincludeBecomingRoman:TheOriginsofProvin- cialCivilizationinGaul(1998);EttuBrute:TheMurderofJuliusCaesar andPoliticalAssassination(2006);TalesoftheBarbarians:Ethnography and Empire in the Roman West (2011); and Rome: An Empire’s Story (2012). He has also edited volumes on literacy, on the city of Rome andonRomanreligion,andhaspublishedwidelyonancienthistory andRomanarchaeology. Ancient Libraries Editedby jason ko¨nig katerina oikonomopoulou greg woolf cambridgeuniversitypress Cambridge,NewYork,Melbourne,Madrid,CapeTown, Singapore,Sa˜oPaulo,Delhi,MexicoCity CambridgeUniversityPress TheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB28RU,UK PublishedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyCambridgeUniversityPress,NewYork www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107012561 (cid:2)C CambridgeUniversityPress2013 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2013 PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationdata Ancientlibraries/editedbyJasonKo¨nig,KaterinaOikonomopoulou,GregWoolf. pages cm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-1-107-01256-1 1.Libraries–History–To400. I.Ko¨nig,Jason. II.Oikonomopoulou,Aikaterini,1977– III.Woolf,Greg. Z722.A53 2013 002.093–dc23 2012032869 ISBN978-1-107-01256-1Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredto inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate. Contents Listoffigures [pageviii] Notesoncontributors [xi] Acknowledgments [xviii] Listofabbreviations [xix] Introduction:approachingtheancientlibrary [1] greg woolf part i contexts 1 LibrariesinancientEgypt [23] kim ryholt 2 ReadingthelibrariesofAssyriaandBabylonia [38] eleanor robson 3 Fragmentsofahistoryofancientlibraries [57] christian jacob part ii hellenistic and roman republican libraries 4 Menandbooksinfourth-centuryBCAthens [85] pasquale massimo pinto 5 Fromtexttotext:theimpactoftheAlexandrianlibrary ontheworkofHellenisticpoets [96] annette harder 6 WherewastheroyallibraryofPergamum?Aninstitutionfound andlostagain [109] gae¨lle coqueugniot 7 Priests,patrons,andplaywrights:librariesinRome before168BC [124] michael affleck v vi Contents 8 LibrariesinaGreekworkinglife:DionysiusofHalicarnassus, acasestudyinRome [137] daniel hogg 9 LibrariesandintellectualdebateinthelateRepublic:thecase oftheAristoteliancorpus [152] fabio tutrone 10 Ashestoashes?ThelibraryofAlexandriaafter48BC [167] myrto hatzimichali 11 Thenon-PhilodemusbookcollectionintheVilla ofthePapyri [183] george w. houston 12 “Bewareofpromisingyourlibrarytoanyone”:assembling aprivatelibraryatRome [209] t. keith dix part iii libraries of the roman empire 13 LibrariesfortheCaesars [237] ewen bowie 14 Romanlibrariesaspublicbuildingsinthecitiesof theEmpire [261] matthew nicholls 15 FlavianlibrariesinthecityofRome [277] pier luigi tucci 16 Archives,booksandsacredspaceinRome [312] richard neudecker 17 VisualsupplementationandmetonymyintheRoman publiclibrary [332] david petrain 18 LibrariesandreadingcultureintheHighEmpire [347] william a. johnson 19 Mythandhistory:GalenandtheAlexandrianlibrary [364] michael w. handis Contents vii 20 LibrariesandpaideiaintheSecondSophistic:Plutarch andGalen [377] alexei v. zadorojnyi 21 Theprofessionalandhisbooks:speciallibraries intheancientworld [401] victor m. martı´nez and megan finn senseney Bibliography [418] Generalindex [463] Indexlocorum [474] List of figures 6.1 TheacropolisofPergamum[G.CoqueugniotafterHalfmann2004 fig.2]. [page111] 6.2 ThesanctuaryofAthenaPolias[fromBohn 1885pl.1]. [112] 6.3 Theroomsbehindthenorthernstoa–plan[fromBohn 1885pl.3]. [112] 6.4 Thegreathall–sectionandplanofremains[fromBohn 1885pl.33]. [113] 6.5 ThePergamenecopyofPhidias’Athena[fromWinter 1908pl.8]. [114] 6.6 Reconstructionofthegreathallasabookrepository [fromGo¨tze1937]. [115] 6.7 Reconstructionofthegreathallasabanquetingroom[drawingby WulfhildAulmannforStrocka2000fig.5]. [118] 14.1 Thefac¸adeofthelibraryofCelsusatEphesus[reconstruction byM.Nicholls]. [268] 14.2 ThelibraryofRogatianusatTimgadviewedfromthestreet [reconstructionbyM.Nicholls]. [271] 15.1 TheplanoftheTemplumPacisaccordingtotheinvestigationsofI. Gismondi(in1941–6),G.Gatti(in1959)andBianchi-Meneghini (in2007).RespectivelypublishedinLugli(1946)tav.5;Gatti(1960) 219;Meneghini,SantangeliValenzani(2007)5(adapted)]. [279] 15.2 FlavianandSeveranbrickwork(insidethemonastery)and squared-stonemasonryoftherearwalloftheTemplumPacis (towardstheBasilicaofMaxentius).Ontheright,imprintofthe Flavian(twolowermostcourses)andSeveranblocks(I–XXIand cornice)oftherearwalloftheTemplumPacisonthebuttressofthe BasilicaofMaxentius[photos:author]. [280] 15.3 Thewallwithniches–theoneontheleftisoriginal–incorporated intothemonasteryofSS.CosmaeDamiano[photosanddrawing: author]. [282] 15.4 ThecornerofthehalltowardstheViaSacrainadrawingbyB. viii Peruzzi(Uffizi,Arch.383,adaptedfromBartoli,A.[1914–22]vol.II.

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