Analytical instrumentation handbook PDF
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title: Analytical Instrumentation Handbook author: Ewing, Galen Wood publisher: CRC Press isbn10 | asin: 0824794559 print isbn13: 9780824794552 ebook isbn13: 9780585082059 language: English Instrumental analysis, Chemistry, Analytic-- subject Instruments. publication date: 1997 lcc: QD79.I5A49 1997eb ddc: 543/.07 Instrumental analysis, Chemistry, Analytic-- subject: Instruments. Page i Analytical Instrumentation Handbook Second Edition, Revised and Expanded Edited by Galen Wood Ewing Las Vegas, New Mexico M D I ARCEL EKKER, NC. N Y B EW ORK ASEL Page ii Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Analytical instrumentation handbook / edited by Galen Wood Ewing. - 2nd. ed., rev. and expanded. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-8247-9455-9 (hc: alk. paper) 1. Instrumental analysis. 2. Chemistry, Analytic-Instruments. I. Ewing, Galen Wood. QD79.I5A49 1997 543'.07-dc21 6-51434 CIP The authors, editor, and publisher of this book make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to the instruments and applications described herein. Trademarked names appear throughout the book. Rather than list the names and entities that own the trademarks, or insert a trademark symbol with each mention of the name, the publisher is using the names only for editorial purposes and to the benefit of the trademark owners, with no intention of infringing upon that trademark. The publisher offers discounts on this book when ordered in bulk quantities. For more information, write to Special Sales/Professional Marketing at the address below. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 1997 by MARCEL DEKKER, INC. All Rights Reserved. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. MARCEL DEKKER, INC. 270 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 http://www.dekker.com Current printing (last digit): 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Page iii Preface to the Second Edition This Analytical Instrumentation Handbook is intended primarily to act as a guide for workers in the field of analytical chemistry who may be called on to decide what approach to pursue in solving specific problems. The book provides basic information about the various alternatives. The second edition of the handbook contains 25 chapters, each devoted to a particular class of instruments. The reader will find considerable variation in format from chapter to chapter, as well as some degree of overlap. I feel that this is not only inevitable, but desirable, as the experts writing the various chapters are the best judges of the needs in particular fields. Some writers have listed sources of equipment by brand names, while others have not felt this to be necessary. Some have relied heavily on block diagrams of instruments rather than detailed descriptions of commercial versions; this approach is especially appropriate in a field in which many of the instruments have been assembled by the user. No attempt has been made to list all manufacturers; the numerous buyers' guides should be consulted if this information is needed. The text and references of the chapters from the first edition have been brought up-to-date by their authors. The list of chapters has been modified since the first edition was published. The chief topic that has been added is capillary electrophoresis, discussed in Chapter 25. This subject has been increasing in importance in recent years, and we are fortunate to be able to add a substantial chapter, contributed by Dr. Norberto A. Guzman and his colleagues. Another topic new to the handbook is on X-ray analysis, discussed in Chapter 10, by Dr. Michael L. Parsons. An additional change is the merger of the material on infrared and Raman spectroscopies into a single presentation, thus permitting more convenient comparisons of the two approaches to vibrational/rotational spectroscopy. This is given in Chapter 9, written by Dr. John Coates. Two chapters from the first edition have been omitted. The material on lasers has been distributed throughout the volume with descriptions as needed in connection with specific applications. The chapter on automatic titrators is of little current interest, and so has been omitted. I acknowledge with thanks the painstaking efforts of the chapter authors. I am particularly indebted to Marcel and Russell Dekker of Marcel Dekker, Inc. Their cooperation and help is greatly appreciated. GALEN WOOD EWING Page v Preface to the First Edition This Analytical Instrumentation Handbook is intended primarily to be a guide for workers in the field of analytical chemistry who are called on to decide what approach to pursue in solving specific problems. No one person can be expected to be expert in more than a few of the techniques that are available in a modern analytical laboratory. Hence there is a tendency to adopt a particular method simply because it is more familiar to the operator (or perhaps less expensive) than other alternative methods, some of which might be better adapted to the problem at hand. Rather than choose a method arbitrarily, the chemist is urged to consult this handbook for an overview of other possible techniques. Once a technique has been selected, the handbook will present pertinent information about options within each domain, including the pros and cons of different kinds of instrumentation. The handbook will also be of value as a library reference for all persons interested in this basic area of chemical science, from college and university students through the technician and research levels, to industrial management. The reader will find considerable variation in format from chapter to chapter. I feel that this is not only inevitable, but desirable, as the experts writing the various chapters are the best judges of the needs in particular fields. Some writers have listed sources of equipment by brand names, while others have not felt this to be necessary. Some have relied heavily on block diagrams of instruments rather than detailed descriptions; this approach is especially appropriate in a field where most of the instruments in use have been assembled by the user. No attempt has been made to list all manufacturers; the numerous buyers' guides should be consulted if this information is needed. I acknowledge with thanks the painstaking efforts of the chapter authors. Their cooperation is greatly appreciated. GALEN WOOD EWING Page vii Contents Preface to the Second Edition iii Preface to the First Edition v Contributors ix Introduction xi 1. The Laboratory Use of Computers 1 Maarten van Swaay 2. Laboratory Balances 57 Walter E. Kupper 3. Organic Elemental Analysis 85 T. S. Ma 4. Continuous-Flow Analyzers 125 Charles J. Patton and Adrian P. Wade 5. Atomic Emission Spectroscopy 221 Willard A. Hareland 6. Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectrometry 257 Michael L. Parsons 7. Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near-Infrared 327 Spectrophotometers Chris W. Brown 8. Molecular Fluorescence and Phosphorescence 351 Linda B. McGown and Kasem Nithipatikom 9. Vibrational Spectroscopy: Instrumentation for Infrared 393 and Raman Spectroscopy John Coates
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