Analytical chemistry : methods and applications

362 Pages·2011·5.551 MB·English

by  Harold H Trimm

Research Progress in Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry T
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i
m
Methods and Applications
m
Analytical chemistry is the study of what chemicals are present and in what amount in natural and Analytical Chemistry
artificial materials. Because these understandings are fundamental in just about every chemical
inquiry, analytical chemistry is used to obtain information, ensure safety, and solve problems in
many different chemical areas, and is essential in both theoretical and applied chemistry.
Analytical chemistry is driven by new and improved instrumentation. This collection presents a Methods and Applications
broad selection of articles on analytical chemistry, including methods of determination and
analysis as applied to pharmaceuticals, foods, proteins, and more. A
n
About the Editor
a
Dr. Harold H. Trimm was born in 1955 in Brooklyn, New York. Dr. Trimm is the chairman of the
l
Chemistry Department at Broome Community College in Binghamton, New York. In addition, he is M y
an Adjunct Analytical Professor, Binghamton University, State University of New York,
e t
Binghamton, New York. t
h i
o c
He received his PhD in chemistry, with a minor in biology, from Clarkson University in 1981 for his
d
work on fast reaction kinetics of biologically important molecules. He then went on to Brunel s a
University in England for a postdoctoral research fellowship in biophysics, where he studied the a
l
n
molecules involved with arthritis by electroptics. He recently authored a textbook on forensic
d
science titled Forensics the Easy Way (2005).
A C
p
p
Other Titles in the Series l h
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• Organic Chemistry: Structure and Mechanisms a e
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• Inorganic Chemistry: Reactions, Structure and Mechanisms io
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• Physical Chemistry: Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Mechanisms n
s
Related Titles of Interest i
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• Environmental Chemistry: New Techniques and Data
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• Industrial Chemistry: New Applications, Processes and Systems
r
• Recent Advances in Biochemistry
y
ISBN 978-1-926692-58-6 Harold H. Trimm,
00000 PhD
Apple Editor
Apple Academic Press
Academic
www.appleacademicpress.com 9781926692586 Press
AnAlyticAl chemistry
Methods and Applications
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
Research Progress in Chemistry
AnAlyticAl chemistry
Methods and Applications
Harold H. Trimm, PhD, RSO
Chairman, Chemistry Department, Broome Community College;
Adjunct Analytical Professor, Binghamton University,
Binghamton, New York, U.S.A.
Apple Academic Press
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contents
Introduction 9
1. Micelle Enhanced Fluorimetric and Thin Layer Chromatography 11
Densitometric Methods for the Determination of (±) Citalopram
and its S – Enantiomer Escitalopram
Elham A. Taha, Nahla N. Salama and Shudong Wang
2. A Multidisciplinary Investigation to Determine the Structure 26
and Source of Dimeric Impurities in AMG 517 Drug Substance
Maria Victoria Silva Elipe, Zhixin Jessica Tan, Michael Ronk and
Tracy Bostick
3. Selective Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorometric Methods 46
for the Determination of Amantadine Hydrochloride in Capsules and
Plasma via Derivatization with 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate
Ashraf M. Mahmoud, Nasr Y. Khalil, Ibrahim A. Darwish and
Tarek Aboul-Fadl
4. Analytical Applications of Reactions of Iron(III) and 63
Hexacyanoferrate(III) with 2,10-Disubstituted Phenothiazines
Helena Puzanowska-Tarasiewicz, Joanna Karpińska and
Ludmiła Kuźmicka
6 Analytical Chemistry: Methods and Applications
5. Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Ropivacaine and 78
Bupivacaine in Authentic, Pharmaceutical and Spiked Human Plasma
without Chromatographic Separation
Nahla N. Salama and Shudong Wang
6. Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination of Certain 92
Cephalosporins in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Mahmoud A. Omar, Osama H. Abdelmageed and Tamer Z. Attia
7. Understanding Structural Features of Microbial Lipases— 114
An Overview
John Geraldine Sandana Mala and Satoru Takeuchi
8. Significance Analysis of Microarray for Relative Quantitation 136
of LC/MS Data in Proteomics
Bryan A. P. Roxas and Qingbo Li
9. Determination of Key Intermediates in Cholesterol and 164
Bile Acid Biosynthesis by Stable Isotope Dilution Mass
Spectrometry
Tadashi Yoshida, Akira Honda, Hiroshi Miyazaki and
Yasushi Matsuzaki
10. A Dynamic Programming Approach for the Alignment of 191
Signal Peaks in Multiple Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Experiments
Mark D. Robinson, David P. De Souza, Woon Wai Keen,
Eleanor C. Saunders, Malcolm J. McConville, Terence P. Speed
and Vladimir A. Likić
11. Solid-Phase Extraction and Reverse-Phase HPLC: Application 218
to Study the Urinary Excretion Pattern of Benzophenone-3 and
its Metabolite 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone in Human Urine
Helena Gonzalez, Carl-Eric Jacobson, Ann-Marie Wennberg,
Olle Larkö and Anne Farbrot
12. A Simple and Selective Spectrophotometric Method for the 231
Determination of Trace Gold in Real, Environmental, Biological,
Geological and Soil Samples Using Bis(Salicylaldehyde)
Orthophenylenediamine
Rubina Soomro, M. Jamaluddin Ahmed, Najma Memon and
Humaira Khan
Contents 7
13. Palm-Based Standard Reference Materials for Iodine Value 255
and Slip Melting Point
Azmil Haizam Ahmad Tarmizi, Siew Wai Lin and Ainie Kuntom
14. Biomedical and Forensic Applications of Combined Catalytic 266
Hydrogenation-Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis
Mark A. Sephton, Will Meredith, Cheng-Gong Sun and Colin E. Snape
15. Identification and Quantitation of Asparagine and Citrulline 278
Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Cheng Bai, Charles C. Reilly and Bruce W. Wood
16. Searching for New Clues about the Molecular Cause of 289
Endomyocardial Fibrosis by Way of In Silico Proteomics and
Analytical Chemistry
Misaki Wayengera
17. Evaluation of Fructooligosaccharides and Inulins as Potentially 307
Health Benefiting Food Ingredients by HPAEC-PED and
MALDI-TOF MS
Chiara Borromei, Maria Careri, Antonella Cavazza, Claudio Corradini,
Lisa Elviri, Alessandro Mangia and Cristiana Merusi
18. Preparation, Characterization, and Analytical Application 327
of Ramipril Membrane-Based Ion-Selective Electrode
Hassan Arida, Mona Ahmed and Abdallah Ali
19. GC-MS Studies of the Chemical Composition of Two Inedible 339
Mushrooms of the Genus Agaricus
Assya Petrova, Kalina Alipieva, Emanuela Kostadinova, Daniela Antonova,
Maria Lacheva, Melania Gjosheva, Simeon Popov and Vassya Bankova
20. Structural Analysis of Three Novel Trisaccharides Isolated from 347
the Fermented Beverage of Plant Extracts
Hideki Okada, Eri Fukushi, Akira Yamamori, Naoki Kawazoe,
Shuichi Onodera, Jun Kawabata and Norio Shiomi
Index 362
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introduction
Chemistry is the science that studies atoms and molecules along with their prop-
erties. All matter is composed of atoms and molecules, so chemistry is all encom-
passing and is referred to as the central science because all other scientific fields
use its discoveries. Since the science of chemistry is so broad, it is normally broken
into fields or branches of specialization. The five main branches of chemistry are
analytical, inorganic, organic, physical, and biochemistry. Chemistry is an ex-
perimental science that is constantly being advanced by new discoveries. It is the
intent of this collection to present the reader with a broad spectrum of articles in
the various branches of chemistry that demonstrates key developments in these
rapidly changing fields.
Analytical chemistry is the study of which chemicals are present and in what
amount. This often involves trying to determine trace amounts of one chemical
in a complicated matrix of other chemicals. Analytical chemistry is driven by new
and improved instrumentation. Advances in mass spectrometry, chromatography,
electrophoresis, electrochemistry, biosensors, and other instruments are allowing
analytical chemists to measure smaller and smaller concentrations of chemicals
in complex mixtures. This has direct application to the fields of environmental
science, medicine, forensics, food safety, and engineering. The determination of
STRs in DNA by capillary electrophoresis, fluorescent dyes, and lasers has led to
a revolution in criminal investigation and identification in the field of forensics.
Present guidelines for the concentration of chemicals in the air we breathe and