Analog circuit design 2007 : sensors, actuators and power drivers ; integrated power amplifiers from wireline to RF ; very high frequency front ends

362 Pages·2008·20.15 MB·English

by  H. Casier

Analog Circuit Design
Herman Casier • Michiel Steyaert
• Arthur H.M. van Roermund
Editors
Analog Circuit Design
Sensors, Actuators and Power Drivers;
Integrated Power Amplifiers from Wireline
to RF; Very High Frequency Front Ends
Editors:
Herman Casier Michiel Steyaert
AMI Semiconductor KU Leuven
Oudenaarde Belgium
Belgium
Arthur H.M. van Roermund
Technical University of Eindhoven
The Netherlands
ISBN 978-1-4020-8262-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-8263-4
Library of Congress Control Number: 2008924617
© 2008 Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written
p ermission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose
of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Printed on acid-free paper
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
springer.com
Contents

Preface................................................................................................................vii

Part I: Sensors, Actuators and Power Drivers for the Automotive
and Industrial Environment..............................................................................1

Heterogeneous Integration of Passive Components for the Realization
of RF-System-in-Packages...................................................................................3
Eric Beyne, Walter De Raedt, Geert Carchon, and Philippe Soussan

The Eye-RIS CMOS Vision System...................................................................15
Ángel Rodríguez-Vázquez, Rafael Domínguez-Castro,
Francisco Jiménez-Garrido, Sergio Morillas, Juan Listán,
Luis Alba, Cayetana Utrera, Servando Espejo and Rafael Romay

An Inductive Position Sensor ASIC...................................................................33
Petr Kamenicky, Pavel Horsky

CMOS Single-Chip Electronic Compass with Microcontroller.........................55
Christian Schott, Robert Racz, Samuel Huber, Angelo Manco,
Markus Gloor, Nicolas Simonne

Protection and Diagnosis of Smart Power High-Side Switches
in Automotive Applications................................................................................71
Andreas Kucher

Part II: Integrated PA’s: from Wireline to RF .............................................91

Integrated CMOS Power Amplifiers for Highly Linear
Broadband Communication................................................................................93
K. Mertens, M. Unterweissacher, M. Tiebout, C. Sandner

Power Combining Techniques for RF and mm-Wave
CMOS Power Amplifiers..................................................................................115
Patrick Reynaert, M. Bohsali, D. Chowdhury and A. M. Niknejad

v
vi Contents
Switched RF Transmitters................................................................................145
Willem Laflere, Michiel Steyaert and Jan Craninckx
High-Speed Serial Wired Interface for Mobile Applications...........................163
Gerrit W. den Besten

High Voltage xDSL Line Drivers in Nanometer Technologies........................179
Bert Serneels, Michiel Steyaert, Wim Dehaene

VoIP SLIC Open Platform: The Wideband Subscriber Line Interface
Circuit for Voice over IP (VoIP) Applications.................................................205
Luc D’Haeze, Jan Sevenhans, Herman Casier, Damien Macq,
Stefan van Roeyen, Stef Servaes, Geert De Pril, Koen Geirnaert,
Hedi Hakim

Part III: Very High Frequency Front Ends.................................................235

Systems and Architectures for Very High Frequency Radio Links..................237
Peter Baltus, Peter Smulders, Yikun Yu

Key Building Blocks for Millimeter-Wave IC Design
in Baseline CMOS............................................................................................259
Mihai A.T. Sanduleanu, Eduardo Alarcon, Hammad M. Cheema,
Maja Vidojkovic, Reza Mahmoudi and Arthur van Roermund

Analog/RF Design Concepts for High-Power Silicon
Based mmWave and THz Applications............................................................283
Ullrich R. Pfeiffer

SiGe BiCMOS and CMOS Transceiver Blocks for Automotive
Radar and Imaging Applications in the 80-160 GHz Range............................303
S.P. Voinigescu, S. Nicolson, E. Laskin, K. Tang and P. Chevalier

A Comparison of CMOS and BiCMOS mm-Wave Receiver
Circuits for Applications at 60GHz and Beyond..............................................327
Sharon Malevsky and John R. Long

Integrated Frontends for Millimeterwave Applications
Using III-V Technologies.................................................................................343
Herbert Zirath, Sten E. Gunnarsson, Camilla Kärnfelt, Toru Masuda,
Mattias Ferndahl, Rumen Kozhuharov, Arne Alping
Pref ace

This book is part of the Analog Circuit Design series and contains the revised
contributions of all speakers of the 16th AACD Workshop, which was organized
by Jan Sevenhans of AMI Semiconductor and held in Oostende, Belgium on
March 27-29, 2007. The book comprises 17 tutorial papers, divided in three
chapters, each discussing a very relevant topic in present days analog design.

1. Sensors, Actuators and Power Drivers for the Automotive and Industrial
Environment
2. Integrated PA’s: from Wireline to RF
3. Very High Frequency Front Ends

These papers were presented by experts in the field during the workshop. They
were selected by the organizer and the program committee consisting of Herman
Casier of AMI Semiconductor Belgium, Prof. Michiel Steyaert from Katholieke
Universiteit Leuven, Belgium and Prof. Arthur van Roermund from Eindhoven
University of Technology, The Netherlands, who are also the editors of this
book.

The aim of the AACD workshop is to bring together a group of expert designers
to study and discuss new possibilities and future developments in the area of
analog circuit design. Each AACD workshop has given rise to the publication of
a book by Springer in their successful series of Analog Circuit Design. For the
previous books and topics in the series, see next page.

The series provides a valuable overview of analog circuit design and related
CAD, mainly in the fields of basic analog modules, mixed-signal electronics,
AD and DA converters, RF systems and automotive electronics. It is a reference
for whoever is engaged in these disciplines and wishes to keep abreast of the
latest developments in the field.

We sincerely hope that this 16th book continues the tradition and provides a
valuable contribution to our Analog Design Community.

Herman Casier

vii
viii Preface
Previous Books in Analog Circuit Design

2006 Maastricht High-Speed AD Converters
(The Netherlands) Automotive Electronics: EMC issues
Ultra Low Power Wireless

2005 Limerick (Ireland) RF Circuits: Wide Band, Front-Ends, DAC’s
Design Methodology and Verification of RF
and Mixed-Signal Systems
Low Power and Low Voltage

2004 Montreux (Swiss) Sensor and Actuator Interface Electronics
Integrated High-Voltage Electronics and
Power Management
Low-Power and High-Resolution ADCs

2003 Graz (Austria) Fractional-N Synthesizers
Design for Robustness
Line and Bus drivers

2002 Spa (Belgium) Structured Mixed-Mode Design
Multi-Bit Sigma-Delta Converters
Short-Range RF Circuits

2001 Noordwijk Scalable Analog Circuit Design
(The Netherlands) High-Speed D/A Converters
RF Power Amplifiers

2000 Munich (Germany) High-Speed A/D Converters
Mixed-Signal Design
PLLs and Synthesizers

1999 Nice (France) (X)DSL and other Communication Systems
RF-MOST Models
Integrated Filters and Oscillators

1998 Copenhagen 1-Volt Electronics
(Denmark) Design and Implementation of Mixed-Mode
Systems
Low-Noise and RF Power Amplifier for
Communications
Preface ix
1997 Como (Italy) RF Analog to Digital Converters
Sensor and Actuator Interfaces
Low-Noise Oscillators, PLLs and
Synthesizers

1996 Lausanne (Swiss) MOST RF Circuit Design
Bandpass Delta-Sigma and Other Data
Converters
Translineair Circuits

1995 Villach (Austria) Low-Noise, Low-Power, Low-Voltage
Mixed-Mode design with CAD tools
Voltage, Current and Time References

1994 Eindhoven Low-Power Low-Voltage
(The Netherlands) Integrated Filters
Smart Power

1993 Leuven (Belgium) Mixed Analogue-Digital Circuit Design
Sensor Interface Circuits
Communication Circuits

1992 Scheveningen Operational Amplifiers
(The Netherlands) Analog to Digital Conversion
Analog Computer Aided Design
Part I: Sensors, Actuators and Power Drivers for the
Automotive and Industrial Environment

Man and machine perceive and control the physical world through physical
parameters such as force and pressure, speed and acceleration, temperature, gas
composition, electromagnetic fields, light… These parameters are, with a few
exceptions, not electrical and an interface is required to measure and control
them by an electrical system. Sensors translate the physical parameter in an
electrical current or voltage and actuators do the opposite.

In the past, sensors and actuators were fabricated as discrete components and
only their electrical interface was put on the chip. They were optimized for
sensitivity and stability. Nowadays, more sensors and higher power actuator
drivers are integrated on the controller chip. Due to the resulting technology
limitations, the on-chip sensor has a lower sensitivity but since controllability
and calibration flexibility improves and since interference from the environment
on the sensitive connections between sensor and control chip is greatly reduced,
the final system sensitivity comes close or even exceeds the sensitivity of the
discrete sensor system.

The first paper describes the integration of high-quality passive devices on
active wafers (RF-SOC) or on an intermediate glass or high resistivity silicon
substrate (RF-SIP). Multilayer thin film technology allows the realization of
passives with relevant values and quality for use in RF-applications. Resistors,
capacitors, inductors and the device platform are described.

A smart CMOS camera, where image acquisition and processing are truly
intermingled, is the subject of the next paper. The signal processing is realized
in two steps and resembles natural vision systems. At the first step the data rate
of the parallel vision signals is reduced by analog processing. At the second
step, intelligent processing is realized on digitally-coded information data by
means of digital processors.

The third paper describes an inductive contact-less sensor system for high
resolution angular or linear position sensing, which is well suited for automotive
applications. The sensor is a cheap PCB pattern and the ASIC integrates the
actuator driver, the sensor interface and the analog and digital signal processing.
Besides the circuits, also the special automotive and safety issues are detailed.

1