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— x-^r HHff E5ific5u HMWMBBBra BWw Bb s hiSBMfBfiKttDC HfififtH NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS AN OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATIONS by John R. Bucher March, 1991 Thesis Advisor: Professor Gary Poock Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. T256249 UNCLASSIFIED SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormApproved OMBNo 0704 0188 ftflHSSSfITHYBCLASSIFICATION 1b RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS 2a SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3 DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY OF REPORT Approved for public release; 2b DECLASSIFICATION/DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE distribution is unlimited 4 PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 5 MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 6a NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b OFFICE SYMBOL 7a NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School (If applicable) Naval Postgraduate School AS 6c. ADDRESS {City, State, and ZIPCode) 7b ADDRESS(City. State, and ZIPCode) Monterey, CA 93943-5000 Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8a NAME OF FUNDING/SPONSORING 8b OFFICE SYMBOL 9 PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER ORGANIZATION (If applicable) 8c. ADDRESS(City, State,and ZIPCode) 10 SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNIT ELEMENT NO NO NO ACCESSION NO 11 TITLE (Include Security Classification) AN OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR TELECOMMUNICATIONS 12 PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) BUCHER, John R. 1M3aasTYtPeErO'FsREPTORhTesis 13b TIME COVERED 14 DATE OF REPORT {Year,Month, Day) 15 PAGE COUNT tFROM TO 1991 March 157 16 supplementary notation ne views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Depart- ment of Defense or the US Government. 17 COSATI CODES 18 SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) FIELD GROUP SUB-GROUP Cellular radio; Digital radio; Wireless communications; Mobile communications; personal communication systems 19 ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) The cellular telecommunications industry is one of the fastest growing segments in the international telecommunications domain. Many current communications systems will soon interface with cellular voice and data signals, and this interface will not be restricted to just vehicular cellular. In fact, cellular systems are now even replacing wireline telecommunications systems in certain applications. Today's communications managers and engineers should understand how cellular systems work, and how these systems might be put to work to solve communications requirements. The mobile, low-cost, tetherless characteristics of cellular systems make them ideal candidates for many military needs. This paper provides an overview of current cellular communications systems, and treats their history, theory and operation, applications, and limitations. Additionally, new experimental digital and micro-cellular systems will be introduced and described. 20 DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 21 ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION tlUNCLASSIFIED/UNLIMITED SAME AS RPT DTIC USERS UNCLASSIFIED 22a NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 22b TELEPHONE (Include AreaCode) 22c OFFICE SYMBOL P00CK. Gary K. 408-646-2636 OR/Pk DD Form 1473, JUN 86 Previouseditionsareobsolete SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE S/N 0102-LF-014-6603 UNCLASSIFIED i Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. An Overview of Cellular Telecommunications by John R. ^Jucher Captain, United States Marine Corps B.A., University of California, Los Angeles, 1982 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL March 1991 David R. Whipple, Chairman Department of Administrative Sciences 11 ABSTRACT The cellular telecommunications industry is one of the fastest growing segments in theinternational telecommunicationsdomain. Many current communications systems will soon interface with cellular voice and data signals, and this interface will not be restricted to just vehicular cellular. In fact, cellular systems are now even replacing wireline telecommunications systems in certain applications. Today's communications managers and engineers shouldunderstandhow cellularsystemswork, and howthesesystemsmight be put to work to solve communications requirements. The mobile, low-cost, tetherless characteristics of cellular systems make them ideal candidates for many military needs. This paper provides an overview of current cellular communications systems, and treats their history, theory and operation, applications, and limitations. Additionally, new experimental digital and micro-cellular systems will be introduced and described. ui * . TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I 1 A. PREFACE 1 B. OUTLINE 4 II. HISTORY OF CELLULAR RADIO 5 A. PRE WORLD WAR II 5 B. POST WORLD WAR II 8 C. EMERGENCE OF THE CELLULAR INDUSTRY 12 1. The Spectrum Search 13 2. Industry Composition 14 3. Synopsis 16 III. CELLULAR THEORY AND OPERATION 20 A. BASIC TERMINOLOGY 20 1. Basic AMPS Information 20 2. Cell 22 3. Mobile Set 25 4. Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) 27 B. KEY FUNCTIONS AND CONCEPTS 28 1. Call Setup 28 2. Supervision 30 .... a. Supervisory Audio Tone (SAT) 30 IV