AN INTRODUCTION TO Drugs AND THE Neuroscience OF Behavior Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. AN INTRODUCTION TO Drugs AND THE Neuroscience OF Behavior Adam J. Prus Northern Michigan University Australia Brazil Japan Korea Mexico Singapore Spain United Kingdom United States Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. An Introduction to Drugs and the © 2014 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning Neuroscience of Behavior ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the Adam J. Prus copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, Publisher: Jon-David Hague including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, Developmental/Assistant Editor: Amelia Blevins digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted Media Editor: Jasmin Tokatlian under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, Senior Brand Manager: Elisabeth Rhoden without the prior written permission of the publisher. 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USA Compositor: MPS Limited Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at www.cengage.com/global Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. To learn more about Wadsworth, visit www.cengage.com/Wadsworth Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.CengageBrain.com Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 16 15 14 13 Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. To Jennifer, Kendell and Daniel Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY Adam Prus is an Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at Northern Michigan University, in Marquette, Michigan. He earned his Ph.D. in psychology from Virginia Commonwealth University. While in graduate school, he also worked as a research technician at a large pharmaceutical company. After earning his degree, he served as postdoctoral fellow in the Psychopharmacology Division of the Department of Psychiatry at Vanderbilt University, working under the mentorship of Herbert Meltzer, a leader in antipsychotic drug research. Adam has published numerous original studies on psychoactive drugs and conducts research projects funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, private foundations, and pharmaceutical companies. When he is not teaching or doing research, Adam spends time with his family, fixes up their house (which he thinks has a lot of potential), and works on his golf game (which may have less potential, but is enjoyable nonetheless). Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. BRIEF CONTENTS 1 Introduction to Psychopharmacology 1 2 The Nervous System 29 3 Neurotransmission 63 4 Properties of Drugs 101 5 Drugs of Abuse 129 6 Psychostimulants 159 7 Nicotine and Caffeine 191 8 Alcohol 225 9 GHB, Inhalants, and Anesthetics 255 10 Opioids 275 11 Cannabinoids 299 12 Psychedelic Drugs 319 13 Treatments for Depression and Bipolar Disorder 353 14 Treatments for Anxiety Disorders 381 15 Antipsychotic Drugs 407 vii Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.