ebook img

an exploratory study of quality of life and coping strategies of orphans living in child PDF

467 Pages·2005·3.01 MB·English
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview an exploratory study of quality of life and coping strategies of orphans living in child

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µSUH SDUHQWDOLOOQHVV¶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¶VDELOLW\WRHQJDJHLQWKHUHTXLUHGFRSLQJWDVNLPSDFWVRQ WKHFRSLQJRXWFRPHDWKRXVHKROGOHYHO 1DWLRQDODQGLQWHUQDWLRQDO JRYHUQPHQWDQGQRQJRYHUQPHQWDO FKLOGVHUYLFHSURYLGHUV LQ6RXWKHUQ$IULFDQHHGWRUHFRJQL]H WKDWDQDGHTXDWHO\VXSSRUWHG&++LVDQ DFFHSWDEOHDOWHUQDWLYHFDUHDUUDQJHPHQWIRU FHUWDLQFKLOGUHQLQFRPPXQLWLHVZLWKKLJK DGXOW$,'6PRUWDOLW\DQGZKHUHDGXOW+,9SUHYDOHQFHH[FHHGV Key words: +,9$,'6FKLOGUHQRUSKDQVFKLOGKHDGHG KRXVHKROGVTXDOLW\RIOLIHFRSLQJ VWUDWHJLHVYXOQHUDEOHFKLO GUHQFKLOGUHQDIIHFWHGE\$, '6FKLOGUHQ¶VULJKWVFKLOG SURWHFWLRQFKLOGZHOIDUHSROL F\FRPPXQLW\FKLOGFDUHF DSDFLW\SV\FKRVRFLDOVXSSRUW VRFLDOVDIHW\QHWVVRFLDOSROLF\ ([SORUDWRU\VWXG\RQRUSKDQVLQFKLOGKHDGHGKRXVHKROGV 2SVRPPLQJ$IULNDDQV6XPPDU\ µQ2QGHUVRHNHQGHVWXGLHYDQGLHOHZHQVNZ DOLWHLWHQKDQWHULQJVWUDWHJLHsYDQ ZHHVNLQGHUVZRRQDJWLJLQNLQGHUEHKHH UGHKXLVKRXGLQJV.%+LQGLHVWDG %XODZD\R=LPEDEZHPHWV\KRsYRRUNRPVYDQ0,99,*6 .%+KXLVKRXGLQJVPHWNLQGHUVDDQGLHKRRIµQJHYROJYDQ WRHQHPHQGHJHWDOOH ZHHVNLQGHUVHQDIQHPHQGHJHWDOOHYROZDVVH YHUVRUJHUVLVµQRQUXVEDUHQGH YRRUWYORHLVHOYDQGLH9,*6SDQGHPLH'LH NRPSOHNVLWHLWYDQNZHVVLHVUDNHQGH.%+ HQGLHOHHPWHLQQDYRUVLQJGUDE\WRWGLHVZ DNEHJULSYDQ.%+VL WXDVLHV'LWVSRRU VWHXQRUJDQLVDVLHVDDQWRWGL HEHYRUGHULQJYDQHPRVLRQH HOJHGUHZHDDQEHYHOLQJV ZDWGLHLQGUXNVNHSGDWGLWYRRUGHOLJHUYLUµQ NLQGLVRPLQµQZHHVKXLVRSJHQHHPWH ZRUGDVRPLQµQ.%+WHZRRQ+LHUGLHRQGHUVRHNHQGHVWXGLHYDQ.%+KRRIGH WXVVHQGLHRXGHUGRPYDQWRWMDDURRU ¶QW\GSHUNYDQPDDQGHDVRRN GHHOQHPHUVDDQYHUVNHLHIRNXVJURHSEHVS UHNLQJVHQRQGHUKRXGH VXJJHUHHUGLH QRRGVDDNOLNKHLGYLU¶QYHUDQGHULQJLQSHUVSHN WLHI'LWKHWGLHNZHVVLHVDDQJHVSUHHN RRU.%+OHZHQVNZDOLWHLWKXOKDQWHUL QJVWUDWHJLHsHQKRHVXONHKXLVKRXGLQJV IXQNVLRQHHUHQLQYHUEDQGVWDDQPHWNLQGHUVR UJDNWLZLWHLWHLQGLHJHPHHQVNDS152V HQVWDWXWrUHRQGHUVWHXQLQJ HQGLHLPSOLNDVLHVYDQGDDUGLHEHYLQGLQJVYLUNLQGHUVRUJ HQEHVNHUPLQJVEHOHLGH 'LWEO\NXLWQDYRUVLQJVGDWDGDWGLHVOHXWH OEHSDOHQGHIDNWRUZDWWRWGLHVNHSYDQ¶Q .%+E\GUDµSUHRXHUOLNHVLHNWH ¶IDPLOLHNRQIOLNLV1RJ¶QE\ GUDHQGHIDNWRULVGLHIHLW GDWEURHUVHQVXVWHUVQLHJHVNH LZLOZHHVQDGLHDIVWHUZH YDQRXHUVQLH(YDOXDVLHV YDQOHZHQVNZDOLWHLWGXL DDQGDWGHVRQGDQNVWHHQVSRHG RQGHUYLQGYDQ.%+¶Q PHGLXPWRWEHYUHGLJHQGHOHZHQVNZDOLWHL WUDSSRUWHHUKHWHQKRs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sOHRQGHUVWHXQLQJEHwQYORHG ,QWHUDNVLHWXVVHQKLHUGLHHQGLH.% +VHYHUPRsRPDDQGLHYHUHLVWH KDQWHULQJVXLWGDJLQJWHYROGRHQ KHW¶QXLWZHUNLQJRSGLHKDQWHULQJVXLWNRPVRS KXLVKRXGHOLNHYODN 1DVLRQDOHHQLQWHUQDVLRQDOH UHJHULQJHQQLHUHJHULQJYHU VNDIIHUVYDQNLQGHUGLHQVLQ 6XLGHOLNH$IULNDEHKRRUW LQWHVLHQGDW¶QYROG RHQGHRQGHUVWHXQGH.%+µQ DDQYDDUEDUHDOWHUQDWLHZHVRUJPDDWUHsOYLU VHNHUHNLQGHUVLVLQJHPHHQVNDSSHZDDU YROZDVVH0,9YRRUNRPVSHUVHQWRRUVNU\ Sleutelwoorde: 0,99,*6NLQGHUVZHHVNLQGHUVNLQGHUEHKHHU GHKXLVKRXGLQJVOHZHQVNZDOLWHLW KDQWHULQJVWUDWHJLHs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±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±JDSVDQGFRQIOLFWVLQSROLF\DQGODZ 6XPPDU\DQGFRQFOXVLRQV 'LVFXVVLRQFRQFOXVLRQVDQGUHFRPPHQGDWLRQV ([SORUDWRU\VWXG\RQRUSKDQVLQFKLOGKHDGHGKRXVHKROGV

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.