An evaluation of certain phases of Heart Mountain Elementary Schools

105 Pages·03.782 MB·English

by  Christensen, Paul L.

This thesis, having been approved by the
special Faculty Committee, is accepted by
the Committee on Graduate Study of the
University of Wyoming,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of-f$feQ4^..c/l..QL<3dM...:.
Chairman of the Committee on Graduate Study.
Secretary.
DaleQ*&£.
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Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
1_l B BA At
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UNIVERSITY CF V/YO&UtfS
LARAMIE
AN EVALUATION OF CERTAIN PHASES
OF
HEART MOUNTAIN EIFMENTARY 3CH00IS
, A Thesis
Submitted to the Department of Education and the Committee
on Graduate Study at the University of Wyoming in Par­
tial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
of Master of Arts
By
Paul L. phristensen
Laramie, Wyoming
August, 1943
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UMI Number: EP22940
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Hebardl Room
ACKNOWIEDGBMEHT
The writer is deeply indebted to Dr. W. C.
Reusser, Director of School Administration, Uni­
versity of Wyoming, for many helpful suggestions
in planning and conducting this survey. He is also
appreciative of the encouragement and guidance giv­
en by Dr. Reusser throughout the preparation of
this thesis.
Appreciation and gratitude is accorded to
the Heart Mountain elementary teaching staff whose
invaluable assistance and cooperation helped to
make this study possible.
0
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
I. INTRODUCTION.............................................. 1
Importance of the study................................. 1
Purpose of the study . . . . .................... 1
Delimitation of the problem............................. 2
Method of study.......................................... 2
Definition of terms used................................... 2
School surveys .......................................... 4
II. FACTORS AFFECTING THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM............. 7
Evacuation of the Japanese ............................. 7
Description and history of Heart Mountain project. . . . 8
Community life of Japanese Relocation Center .............. 10
General description...................................... 10
Living conditions ......................... 10
Surrounding country . . . ......................... 11
Characteristics of Japanese people...................... 12
Language......................................... 15
Family size............................................. 15
III. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION....................... 20
Organization ............................................... 20
Teaching personnel ......................................... 21
Method of employment..................................... 22
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iii
CHAPTER PAGE
Qualifications of teaching personnel................. 24
Salary............................................... 25
In-service training................................. 28
IV. EXECUTIVE CONTROL OF SCHOOLS........................... 34
Board of control........................................... 34
Delegation of responsibilities ............................ 36
Superintendent of education... ....................... 36
Elementary school principal ....................... 37
Assistant elementary school principal ................ 37
Curriculum adviser.................................... 37
Elementary teachers................................... 38
Records and reports...................................... 39
Enrollment and truancy.................................... 42
V. FINANCIAL SUPPORT...................................... 47
Federal aid................................................. 47
VI. THE SCHOOL PLANT........................................ 50
The school sites........................................... 50
Plans of the buildings.................................... 53
Playgrounds................................................. 56
Janitorial service ......................................... 58
VII. THE CURRICULUM AND ITS ORGANIZATION................... 61
Living in the school...................................... 61
Evaluation................................................. 62
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iv
CHAPTER PAGE
Guidance..................................................... 64
Community relations ......................................... 67
Library and other instructional aids........................ 69
Health..................................................... 71
Physical education and recreation........................... 72
Allied activities ........................................... 74
VIII. SUBJECT FIELDS IN THE ELEMENTARY 3CH00IS.................. 76
Language arts..................... ..................... 76
Written and oral expression................................ 79
Social studies............................................... 80
Mathematics................................................. 80
Science..................................................... 82
Music and art............................................... 83
IX. INTERPRETATION OE MEASUREMENT OF NATIVE ABILITY............ 85
Intelligence tests........................................... 85
X. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND SUGGESTIONS...................... 89
Summary..................................................... 89
Conclusions................................................. 90
Suggestions.................................. 91
SELECTED REFERENCES............................................... 93
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vi
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
1. Heart Mountain War Relocation Project.................... 9
2. Administrative Organization of Schools .................. 35
3. School Sites of Elementary Schools ....................... 52
4. Floor Plan of Elementary Schools......................... 54
b. Floor Plan of Kindergarten............................... 55
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Importance of the Study. It is desirable for any community or
city school system to evaluate what has been taking place, to analyze
its problems, and to look ahead and project a program to meet its needs.
Deficiencies which are permitted to handicap the educational program .
in any school detract, to some extent, from the future possibilities
of the nation.
Heart Mountain elementary schools are engaged in training chil­
dren of Japanese descent to assume responsibilities of citizenship
and to take their place in society when the present crisis has termi­
nated. If standards have not been maintained which will enable stu­
dents to transfer without prejudice to other schools and to become re­
absorbed with a minimum handicap into normal civilian life, then our
educational organization has failed.
Purpose of the Study. The study of the Heart Mountain elemen­
tary schools was made with the following purposes in mind: (1) to
make a study of the efficiency of different phases of the school system;
(2) to formulate constructive measures which may be undertaken to im­
prove the educational program; (3) to inquire into the administrative
and financial status of the War Relocation Authority school plan; (4)
to determine if educational policies arc meeting the needs of the Jap­
anese enrolled in the War Relocation schools.
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