Table Of Content

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows API Version 2014-06-15 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud: User Guide for Microsoft Windows Copyright © 2014 Amazon Web Services, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The following are trademarks of Amazon Web Services, Inc.: Amazon, Amazon Web Services Design, AWS, Amazon CloudFront, Cloudfront, CloudTrail, Amazon DevPay, DynamoDB, ElastiCache, Amazon EC2, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, Amazon Glacier, Kinesis, Kindle, Kindle Fire, AWS Marketplace Design, Mechanical Turk, Amazon Redshift, Amazon Route 53, Amazon S3, Amazon VPC. In addition, Amazon.com graphics, logos, page headers, button icons, scripts, and service names are trademarks, or trade dress of Amazon in the U.S. and/or other countries. Amazon's trademarks and trade dress may not be used in connection with any product or service that is not Amazon's, in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among customers, or in any manner that disparages or discredits Amazon. All other trademarks not owned by Amazon are the property of their respective owners, who may or may not be affiliated with, connected to, or sponsored by Amazon. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Table of Contents What Is Amazon EC2?................................................................................................................... 1 Features of Amazon EC2........................................................................................................ 1 How to Get Started with Amazon EC2....................................................................................... 2 Related Services................................................................................................................... 3 Accessing Amazon EC2 ......................................................................................................... 3 Pricing for Amazon EC2 ......................................................................................................... 4 Basic Infrastructure................................................................................................................ 5 Amazon Machine Images and Instances............................................................................ 5 Regions and Availability Zones ........................................................................................ 6 Storage ....................................................................................................................... 6 Root Device Volume....................................................................................................... 8 Networking and Security ............................................................................................... 10 AWS Identity and Access Management........................................................................... 10 Differences between Windows Server and an Amazon EC2 Windows Instance....................... 11 Designing Your Applications to Run on Amazon EC2 Windows Instances............................... 12 Setting Up .................................................................................................................................. 14 Sign Up for AWS ................................................................................................................. 14 Create an IAM User ............................................................................................................. 15 Create a Key Pair ................................................................................................................ 16 Create a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)....................................................................................... 17 Create a Security Group ....................................................................................................... 17 Getting Started: Launch and Connect.............................................................................................. 20 Overview............................................................................................................................ 20 Launch a Windows Instance.................................................................................................. 21 Connect to Your Windows Instance......................................................................................... 23 Create a CloudWatch Alarm to Monitor Your Instance................................................................. 24 Clean Up............................................................................................................................ 26 Best Practices............................................................................................................................. 28 Tutorial: Deploy a WordPress Blog.................................................................................................. 30 Prerequisites ...................................................................................................................... 30 Installing the Microsoft Web Platform Installer........................................................................... 31 Installing WordPress ............................................................................................................ 31 Configure Security Keys........................................................................................................ 32 Administrative Information ..................................................................................................... 33 Making Your WordPress Site Public......................................................................................... 33 Tutorial: Set Up a Windows HPC Cluster.......................................................................................... 35 Prerequisites ...................................................................................................................... 35 Task 1: Set Up Your Active Directory Domain Controller.............................................................. 35 Creating Security Groups for Active Directory................................................................... 36 Creating the Domain Controller for your HPC cluster.......................................................... 36 Configuring the Domain Controller for Your HPC Cluster..................................................... 37 Task 2: Configure Your Head Node.......................................................................................... 37 Creating Security Groups for Your HPC Cluster................................................................. 37 Launch an Instance for the HPC Head Node.................................................................... 38 Install the HPC Pack .................................................................................................... 38 Configure Your HPC Cluster on the Head Node................................................................. 39 Task 3: Set Up the Compute Node.......................................................................................... 39 Launch an Instance for the HPC Compute Node............................................................... 39 Install the HPC Pack on the Compute Node...................................................................... 40 Add the Compute Node to Your HPC Cluster.................................................................... 40 Task 4: Scale Your HPC Compute Nodes (Optional)................................................................... 41 Running the Lizard Performance Measurement Application......................................................... 42 Create_AD_security.bat ........................................................................................................ 42 Create-HPC-sec-group.bat .................................................................................................... 43 Amazon Machine Images.............................................................................................................. 45 API Version 2014-06-15 iii Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Using an AMI...................................................................................................................... 45 Creating Your Own AMI......................................................................................................... 46 Buying, Sharing, and Selling AMIs.......................................................................................... 46 Deregistering Your AMI ......................................................................................................... 46 AWS Windows AMIs............................................................................................................. 46 Update Schedule......................................................................................................... 47 Configuration Settings .................................................................................................. 47 Xen Drivers ................................................................................................................ 47 Keeping Your Instances Up-to-Date................................................................................. 48 Upgrading from Windows Server 2008 to Windows Server 2012........................................... 48 AMI Types .......................................................................................................................... 48 Launch Permissions..................................................................................................... 48 Storage for the Root Device........................................................................................... 49 Finding an AMI.................................................................................................................... 51 Finding a Windows AMI Using the Amazon EC2 Console................................................... 52 Finding an AMI Using the Command Line........................................................................ 52 Shared AMIs....................................................................................................................... 53 Finding Shared AMIs.................................................................................................... 53 Making an AMI Public................................................................................................... 55 Sharing an AMI with Specific AWS Accounts.................................................................... 57 Using Bookmarks ........................................................................................................ 58 Paid AMIs........................................................................................................................... 59 Selling Your AMI .......................................................................................................... 59 Finding a Paid AMI....................................................................................................... 59 Purchase a Paid AMI.................................................................................................... 60 Getting the Product Code for Your Instance...................................................................... 61 Using Paid Support...................................................................................................... 61 Bills for Paid and Supported AMIs................................................................................... 62 Managing Your AWS Marketplace Subscriptions................................................................ 62 Creating an Amazon EBS-Backed Windows AMI....................................................................... 62 Creating an AMI from an Instance................................................................................... 63 Creating an Instance Store-Backed Windows AMI..................................................................... 64 Instance Store-Backed Windows AMIs............................................................................. 65 Preparing to Create an Instance Store-Backed Windows AMI.............................................. 65 Bundling an Instance Store-Backed Windows Instance....................................................... 66 Registering an Instance Store-Backed Windows AMI......................................................... 67 Copying an AMI................................................................................................................... 68 AMI Copy ................................................................................................................... 68 Copying an Amazon EC2 AMI........................................................................................ 69 Copying an Amazon EC2 AMI with Encrypted Volumes...................................................... 70 Stopping a Pending AMI Copy Operation......................................................................... 72 Deregistering Your AMI ......................................................................................................... 72 Cleaning Up Your Amazon EBS-Backed AMI.................................................................... 72 Cleaning Up Your Instance Store-Backed AMI................................................................... 73 Instances ................................................................................................................................... 75 Instance Types .................................................................................................................... 75 Available Instance Types............................................................................................... 76 Hardware Specifications ............................................................................................... 77 T2 Instances............................................................................................................... 77 I2 Instances................................................................................................................ 80 HI1 Instances.............................................................................................................. 82 HS1 Instances ............................................................................................................ 83 R3 Instances .............................................................................................................. 84 GPU Instances............................................................................................................ 85 T1 Micro Instances ...................................................................................................... 87 EBS-Optimized Instances ............................................................................................. 94 Placement Groups ....................................................................................................... 95 Resizing Instances....................................................................................................... 97 API Version 2014-06-15 iv Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Instance Metadata and User Data......................................................................................... 101 Retrieving Instance Metadata....................................................................................... 101 Retrieving User Data .................................................................................................. 103 Retrieving Dynamic Data............................................................................................. 104 Instance Metadata Categories...................................................................................... 104 Importing and Exporting Instances........................................................................................ 108 Prerequisites............................................................................................................. 109 Importing a VM into Amazon EC2................................................................................. 112 Exporting Amazon EC2 Instances................................................................................. 121 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................... 122 Instance Lifecycle ...................................................................................................................... 127 Instance Launch ................................................................................................................ 127 Instance Stop and Start (Amazon EBS-backed instances only).................................................. 128 Instance Reboot ................................................................................................................ 128 Instance Retirement ........................................................................................................... 128 Instance Termination .......................................................................................................... 129 Differences Between Reboot, Stop, and Terminate................................................................... 129 Launch............................................................................................................................. 130 Launching an Instance................................................................................................ 131 Launching an Instance From an Existing Instance............................................................ 136 Launching an Instance from a Backup........................................................................... 137 Launching an AWS Marketplace Instance....................................................................... 137 Connect ........................................................................................................................... 139 Prerequisites............................................................................................................. 139 Connecting to Windows............................................................................................... 139 Transfer Files to Windows Server Instances from Windows................................................ 141 Stop and Start................................................................................................................... 141 Overview .................................................................................................................. 142 Stopping and Starting Your Instances ............................................................................ 142 Modifying a Stopped Instance ...................................................................................... 143 Reboot............................................................................................................................. 144 Retire............................................................................................................................... 145 Identifying Instances Scheduled for Retirement............................................................... 145 Working with Instances Scheduled for Retirement............................................................ 146 Terminate ......................................................................................................................... 147 Instance Termination .................................................................................................. 147 Terminating an Instance.............................................................................................. 148 Enabling Termination Protection.................................................................................... 148 Changing the Shutdown Behavior................................................................................. 149 Preserving Amazon EBS Volumes on Instance Termination............................................... 150 Configure Instances ................................................................................................................... 153 Using EC2Config ............................................................................................................... 153 Overview of EC2Config Tasks ...................................................................................... 154 Ec2 Service Properties ............................................................................................... 155 EC2Config Settings Files............................................................................................. 160 Sending Logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.................................................................... 163 Installing the Latest Version of EC2Config...................................................................... 167 Stopping, Deleting, or Uninstalling EC2Config................................................................. 168 Upgrading PV Drivers ......................................................................................................... 169 Xen Drivers............................................................................................................... 169 Upgrading PV Drivers on Your Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 Instances....................... 171 Upgrading Your Citrix Xen Guest Agent Service............................................................... 173 Upgrading PV Drivers on Your Windows Server 2003 Instance........................................... 174 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................... 175 Setting the Password.......................................................................................................... 178 Changing the Administrator Password After Connecting.................................................... 179 Resetting an Administrator Password that's Lost or Expired............................................... 179 Configuring a Secondary Private IP Address........................................................................... 183 API Version 2014-06-15 v Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Prerequisites............................................................................................................. 183 Step 1: Configure Static IP Addressing on Your Windows Instance ..................................... 183 Step 2: Configure a Secondary Private IP Address for Your Windows Instance ..................... 185 Step 3: Configure Applications to Use the Secondary Private IP Address............................. 186 Setting the Time................................................................................................................. 187 Changing the Time Zone............................................................................................. 187 Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP)...................................................................... 188 Configuring Time Settings for Windows Server 2008 and later............................................ 188 Configuring Time Settings for Windows Server 2003........................................................ 189 Monitoring ................................................................................................................................ 190 Automated and Manual Monitoring........................................................................................ 191 Automated Monitoring Tools......................................................................................... 191 Manual Monitoring Tools.............................................................................................. 192 Best Practices for Monitoring................................................................................................ 193 Monitoring the Status of Your Instances.................................................................................. 193 Monitoring Instances with Status Checks ....................................................................... 193 Monitoring Events for Your Instances............................................................................. 198 Monitoring Your Instances with CloudWatch............................................................................ 201 Enabling or Disabling Detailed Monitoring on an Amazon EC2 Instance............................... 201 View Amazon EC2 Metrics .......................................................................................... 204 Get Statistics for Metrics ............................................................................................. 211 Graphing Metrics ....................................................................................................... 227 Create a CloudWatch Alarm......................................................................................... 231 Create Alarms That Stop or Terminate an Instance........................................................... 238 Monitoring Scripts for Amazon EC2 Instances......................................................................... 253 Amazon CloudWatch Monitoring Scripts for Windows....................................................... 253 Network and Security ................................................................................................................. 263 Key Pairs.......................................................................................................................... 264 Creating Your Key Pair Using Amazon EC2..................................................................... 264 Importing Your Own Key Pair to Amazon EC2.................................................................. 265 Retrieving the Public Key for Your Key Pair...................................................................... 267 Verifying Your Key Pair's Fingerprint .............................................................................. 267 Deleting Your Key Pair................................................................................................. 268 Security Groups................................................................................................................. 268 Security Groups for EC2-Classic................................................................................... 269 Security Groups for EC2-VPC...................................................................................... 269 Security Group Rules ................................................................................................. 269 Default Security Groups .............................................................................................. 270 Custom Security Groups ............................................................................................. 271 Creating a Security Group........................................................................................... 272 Describing Your Security Groups................................................................................... 272 Adding Rules to a Security Group................................................................................. 273 Deleting Rules from a Security Group............................................................................ 274 Deleting a Security Group............................................................................................ 274 API and Command Overview....................................................................................... 274 Controlling Access ............................................................................................................. 276 Network Access to Your Instance.................................................................................. 276 Amazon EC2 Permission Attributes............................................................................... 276 IAM and Amazon EC2 ................................................................................................ 276 IAM Policies .............................................................................................................. 278 IAM Roles................................................................................................................. 306 Network Access......................................................................................................... 312 Amazon VPC .................................................................................................................... 313 Benefits of Using a VPC.............................................................................................. 313 Differences Between EC2-Classic and EC2-VPC............................................................. 326 Amazon VPC Documentation....................................................................................... 315 Supported Platforms................................................................................................... 316 Migrating from EC2-Classic to a VPC............................................................................ 318 API Version 2014-06-15 vi Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Instance IP Addressing ....................................................................................................... 324 Private Addresses and Internal DNS Hostnames............................................................. 325 Public IP Addresses and External DNS Hostnames......................................................... 325 Differences Between EC2-Classic and EC2-VPC............................................................. 326 Determining Your Public, Private, and Elastic IP Addresses............................................... 327 Assigning a Public IP Address...................................................................................... 328 Multiple Private IP Addresses....................................................................................... 329 Elastic IP Addresses........................................................................................................... 333 Elastic IP Addresses in EC2-Classic.............................................................................. 334 Elastic IP Addresses in a VPC...................................................................................... 334 Differences Between EC2-Classic and EC2-VPC............................................................. 335 Allocating an Elastic IP Address ................................................................................... 335 Describing Your Elastic IP Addresses............................................................................. 336 Associating an Elastic IP Address with a Running Instance............................................... 336 Associating an Elastic IP Address with a Different Running Instance................................... 337 Releasing an Elastic IP Address................................................................................... 337 Using Reverse DNS for Email Applications..................................................................... 338 Elastic IP Address Limit .............................................................................................. 338 Elastic Network Interfaces ................................................................................................... 338 Private IP Addresses Per ENI Per Instance Type.............................................................. 339 Creating a Management Network.................................................................................. 341 Use Network and Security Appliances in Your VPC.......................................................... 341 Creating Dual-homed Instances with Workloads/Roles on Distinct Subnets.......................... 342 Create a Low Budget High Availability Solution................................................................ 342 Best Practices for Configuring Network Interfaces............................................................ 342 Creating a Network Interface........................................................................................ 342 Deleting a Network Interface........................................................................................ 343 Viewing Details about a Network Interface...................................................................... 343 Attaching a Network Interface When Launching an Instance.............................................. 344 Attaching a Network Interface to a Stopped or Running Instance........................................ 345 Detaching a Network Interface from an Instance.............................................................. 346 Changing the Security Group of a Network Interface........................................................ 346 Changing the Source/Destination Checking of a Network Interface..................................... 347 Associating an Elastic IP Address with a Network Interface............................................... 347 Disassociating an Elastic IP Address from a Network Interface........................................... 348 Changing Termination Behavior for a Network Interface.................................................... 348 Adding or Editing a Description for a Network Interface..................................................... 349 Adding or Editing Tags for a Network Interface................................................................ 349 Enabling Enhanced Networking............................................................................................ 350 Requirements............................................................................................................ 350 Testing Whether Enhanced Networking Is Enabled........................................................... 351 Enabling Enhanced Networking on Windows .................................................................. 352 Storage .................................................................................................................................... 354 Amazon EBS .................................................................................................................... 355 Features of Amazon EBS............................................................................................ 356 EBS Volumes ............................................................................................................ 357 EBS Snapshots ......................................................................................................... 385 EBS Encryption ......................................................................................................... 391 EBS Performance ...................................................................................................... 393 API and Command Overview....................................................................................... 405 Instance Store................................................................................................................... 407 Instance Storage Concepts ......................................................................................... 408 Instance Stores Available on Instance Types................................................................... 409 Instance Store Device Names...................................................................................... 410 Instance Store Usage Scenarios .................................................................................. 411 Adding Instance Store Volumes to an AMI...................................................................... 412 Amazon S3....................................................................................................................... 413 Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2...................................................................................... 413 API Version 2014-06-15 vii Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Block Device Mapping ........................................................................................................ 415 Block Device Mapping Concepts................................................................................... 415 AMI Block Device Mapping.......................................................................................... 418 Instance Block Device Mapping.................................................................................... 420 Using Public Data Sets ....................................................................................................... 425 Public Data Set Concepts............................................................................................ 425 Finding Public Data Sets............................................................................................. 425 Creating a Public Data Set Volume from a Snapshot........................................................ 426 Attaching and Mounting the Public Data Set Volume......................................................... 427 Resources and Tags................................................................................................................... 428 Resource Locations............................................................................................................ 428 Listing and Filtering Your Resources...................................................................................... 429 Advanced Search....................................................................................................... 430 Listing Resources Using the Console ............................................................................ 431 Filtering Resources Using the Console.......................................................................... 431 Listing and Filtering Using the CLI and API..................................................................... 432 Tagging Your Resources...................................................................................................... 433 Tag Basics................................................................................................................ 433 Tag Restrictions......................................................................................................... 434 Tagging Your Resources for Billing ................................................................................ 435 Working with Tags in the Console.................................................................................. 435 API and CLI Overview................................................................................................. 440 Service Limits.................................................................................................................... 440 Viewing Your Current Limits ......................................................................................... 441 Requesting a Limit Increase......................................................................................... 441 Usage Reports .................................................................................................................. 442 Available Reports....................................................................................................... 442 Getting Set Up for Usage Reports................................................................................. 442 Granting IAM Users Access to the Amazon EC2 Usage Reports........................................ 443 Instance Usage ......................................................................................................... 444 Reserved Instance Utilization....................................................................................... 448 AWS Management Pack.............................................................................................................. 454 Overview of AWS Management Pack for System Center 2012................................................... 455 Overview of AWS Management Pack for System Center 2007 R2............................................... 456 Downloading ..................................................................................................................... 457 Deploying ......................................................................................................................... 458 Step 1: Installing the AWS Management Pack................................................................. 458 Step 2: Configuring the Watcher Node........................................................................... 460 Step 3: Create an AWS Run As Account........................................................................ 460 Step 4: Run the Add Monitoring Wizard.......................................................................... 463 Using ............................................................................................................................... 467 Views....................................................................................................................... 467 Discoveries ............................................................................................................... 477 Monitors ................................................................................................................... 479 Rules ....................................................................................................................... 480 Events ..................................................................................................................... 483 Health Model............................................................................................................. 484 Customizing the AWS Management Pack....................................................................... 485 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................. 485 AWS Diagnostics for Microsoft Windows Server.............................................................................. 487 Analysis Rules................................................................................................................... 487 Analyzing the Current Instance............................................................................................. 488 Collecting Data From an Offline Instance................................................................................ 490 Data File Storage............................................................................................................... 490 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................................... 492 No console output.............................................................................................................. 492 Instance terminates immediately........................................................................................... 493 "Password is not available" .................................................................................................. 493 API Version 2014-06-15 viii Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows "Password not available yet"................................................................................................. 494 "Cannot retrieve Windows password"..................................................................................... 494 "Waiting for the metadata service"......................................................................................... 494 Remote Desktop can't connect to the remote computer............................................................ 497 RDP displays a black screen instead of the desktop................................................................. 499 "Unable to activate Windows"............................................................................................... 500 "Windows is not genuine (0x80070005)" ................................................................................ 500 "No Terminal Server License Servers available to provide a license"............................................ 501 Instance loses network connectivity or scheduled tasks don't run when expected.......................... 501 Document History ...................................................................................................................... 502 AWS Glossary........................................................................................................................... 513 API Version 2014-06-15 ix Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Features of Amazon EC2 What Is Amazon EC2? Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) provides scalable computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. Using Amazon EC2 eliminates your need to invest in hardware up front, so you can develop and deploy applications faster.You can use Amazon EC2 to launch as many or as few virtual servers as you need, configure security and networking, and manage storage. Amazon EC2 enables you to scale up or down to handle changes in requirements or spikes in popularity, reducing your need to forecast traffic. For more information about cloud computing, see What is Cloud Computing? Features of Amazon EC2 Amazon EC2 provides the following features: • Virtual computing environments, known as instances • Preconfigured templates for your instances, known as Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), that package the bits you need for your server (including the operating system and additional software) • Various configurations of CPU, memory, storage, and networking capacity for your instances, known as instance types • Secure login information for your instances using key pairs (AWS stores the public key, and you store the private key in a secure place) • Storage volumes for temporary data that's deleted when you stop or terminate your instance, known as instance store volumes • Persistent storage volumes for your data using Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS), known as Amazon EBS volumes • Multiple physical locations for your resources, such as instances and Amazon EBS volumes, known as regions and Availability Zones • A firewall that enables you to specify the protocols, ports, and source IP ranges that can reach your instances using security groups • Static IP addresses for dynamic cloud computing, known as Elastic IP addresses • Metadata, known as tags, that you can create and assign to your Amazon EC2 resources • Virtual networks you can create that are logically isolated from the rest of the AWS cloud, and that you can optionally connect to your own network, known as virtual private clouds (VPCs) For more information about the features of Amazon EC2, see the Amazon EC2 product page. API Version 2014-06-15 1

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Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows API Version 2014-06-15 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud: User Guide for Microsoft Windows Copyright © 2014 Amazon Web Services, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. The following are trademarks of Amazon Web Services, Inc.: Amazon, Amazon Web Services Design, AWS, Amazon CloudFront, Cloudfront, CloudTrail, Amazon DevPay, DynamoDB, ElastiCache, Amazon EC2, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud, Amazon Glacier, Kinesis, Kindle, Kindle Fire, AWS Marketplace Design, Mechanical Turk, Amazon Redshift, Amazon Route 53, Amazon S3, Amazon VPC. In addition, Amazon.com graphics, logos, page headers, button icons, scripts, and service names are trademarks, or trade dress of Amazon in the U.S. and/or other countries. Amazon's trademarks and trade dress may not be used in connection with any product or service that is not Amazon's, in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among customers, or in any manner that disparages or discredits Amazon. All other trademarks not owned by Amazon are the property of their respective owners, who may or may not be affiliated with, connected to, or sponsored by Amazon. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Table of Contents What Is Amazon EC2?................................................................................................................... 1 Features of Amazon EC2........................................................................................................ 1 How to Get Started with Amazon EC2....................................................................................... 2 Related Services................................................................................................................... 3 Accessing Amazon EC2 ......................................................................................................... 3 Pricing for Amazon EC2 ......................................................................................................... 4 Basic Infrastructure................................................................................................................ 5 Amazon Machine Images and Instances............................................................................ 5 Regions and Availability Zones ........................................................................................ 6 Storage ....................................................................................................................... 6 Root Device Volume....................................................................................................... 8 Networking and Security ............................................................................................... 10 AWS Identity and Access Management........................................................................... 10 Differences between Windows Server and an Amazon EC2 Windows Instance....................... 11 Designing Your Applications to Run on Amazon EC2 Windows Instances............................... 12 Setting Up .................................................................................................................................. 14 Sign Up for AWS ................................................................................................................. 14 Create an IAM User ............................................................................................................. 15 Create a Key Pair ................................................................................................................ 16 Create a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)....................................................................................... 17 Create a Security Group ....................................................................................................... 17 Getting Started: Launch and Connect.............................................................................................. 20 Overview............................................................................................................................ 20 Launch a Windows Instance.................................................................................................. 21 Connect to Your Windows Instance......................................................................................... 23 Create a CloudWatch Alarm to Monitor Your Instance................................................................. 24 Clean Up............................................................................................................................ 26 Best Practices............................................................................................................................. 28 Tutorial: Deploy a WordPress Blog.................................................................................................. 30 Prerequisites ...................................................................................................................... 30 Installing the Microsoft Web Platform Installer........................................................................... 31 Installing WordPress ............................................................................................................ 31 Configure Security Keys........................................................................................................ 32 Administrative Information ..................................................................................................... 33 Making Your WordPress Site Public......................................................................................... 33 Tutorial: Set Up a Windows HPC Cluster.......................................................................................... 35 Prerequisites ...................................................................................................................... 35 Task 1: Set Up Your Active Directory Domain Controller.............................................................. 35 Creating Security Groups for Active Directory................................................................... 36 Creating the Domain Controller for your HPC cluster.......................................................... 36 Configuring the Domain Controller for Your HPC Cluster..................................................... 37 Task 2: Configure Your Head Node.......................................................................................... 37 Creating Security Groups for Your HPC Cluster................................................................. 37 Launch an Instance for the HPC Head Node.................................................................... 38 Install the HPC Pack .................................................................................................... 38 Configure Your HPC Cluster on the Head Node................................................................. 39 Task 3: Set Up the Compute Node.......................................................................................... 39 Launch an Instance for the HPC Compute Node............................................................... 39 Install the HPC Pack on the Compute Node...................................................................... 40 Add the Compute Node to Your HPC Cluster.................................................................... 40 Task 4: Scale Your HPC Compute Nodes (Optional)................................................................... 41 Running the Lizard Performance Measurement Application......................................................... 42 Create_AD_security.bat ........................................................................................................ 42 Create-HPC-sec-group.bat .................................................................................................... 43 Amazon Machine Images.............................................................................................................. 45 API Version 2014-06-15 iii Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Using an AMI...................................................................................................................... 45 Creating Your Own AMI......................................................................................................... 46 Buying, Sharing, and Selling AMIs.......................................................................................... 46 Deregistering Your AMI ......................................................................................................... 46 AWS Windows AMIs............................................................................................................. 46 Update Schedule......................................................................................................... 47 Configuration Settings .................................................................................................. 47 Xen Drivers ................................................................................................................ 47 Keeping Your Instances Up-to-Date................................................................................. 48 Upgrading from Windows Server 2008 to Windows Server 2012........................................... 48 AMI Types .......................................................................................................................... 48 Launch Permissions..................................................................................................... 48 Storage for the Root Device........................................................................................... 49 Finding an AMI.................................................................................................................... 51 Finding a Windows AMI Using the Amazon EC2 Console................................................... 52 Finding an AMI Using the Command Line........................................................................ 52 Shared AMIs....................................................................................................................... 53 Finding Shared AMIs.................................................................................................... 53 Making an AMI Public................................................................................................... 55 Sharing an AMI with Specific AWS Accounts.................................................................... 57 Using Bookmarks ........................................................................................................ 58 Paid AMIs........................................................................................................................... 59 Selling Your AMI .......................................................................................................... 59 Finding a Paid AMI....................................................................................................... 59 Purchase a Paid AMI.................................................................................................... 60 Getting the Product Code for Your Instance...................................................................... 61 Using Paid Support...................................................................................................... 61 Bills for Paid and Supported AMIs................................................................................... 62 Managing Your AWS Marketplace Subscriptions................................................................ 62 Creating an Amazon EBS-Backed Windows AMI....................................................................... 62 Creating an AMI from an Instance................................................................................... 63 Creating an Instance Store-Backed Windows AMI..................................................................... 64 Instance Store-Backed Windows AMIs............................................................................. 65 Preparing to Create an Instance Store-Backed Windows AMI.............................................. 65 Bundling an Instance Store-Backed Windows Instance....................................................... 66 Registering an Instance Store-Backed Windows AMI......................................................... 67 Copying an AMI................................................................................................................... 68 AMI Copy ................................................................................................................... 68 Copying an Amazon EC2 AMI........................................................................................ 69 Copying an Amazon EC2 AMI with Encrypted Volumes...................................................... 70 Stopping a Pending AMI Copy Operation......................................................................... 72 Deregistering Your AMI ......................................................................................................... 72 Cleaning Up Your Amazon EBS-Backed AMI.................................................................... 72 Cleaning Up Your Instance Store-Backed AMI................................................................... 73 Instances ................................................................................................................................... 75 Instance Types .................................................................................................................... 75 Available Instance Types............................................................................................... 76 Hardware Specifications ............................................................................................... 77 T2 Instances............................................................................................................... 77 I2 Instances................................................................................................................ 80 HI1 Instances.............................................................................................................. 82 HS1 Instances ............................................................................................................ 83 R3 Instances .............................................................................................................. 84 GPU Instances............................................................................................................ 85 T1 Micro Instances ...................................................................................................... 87 EBS-Optimized Instances ............................................................................................. 94 Placement Groups ....................................................................................................... 95 Resizing Instances....................................................................................................... 97 API Version 2014-06-15 iv Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Instance Metadata and User Data......................................................................................... 101 Retrieving Instance Metadata....................................................................................... 101 Retrieving User Data .................................................................................................. 103 Retrieving Dynamic Data............................................................................................. 104 Instance Metadata Categories...................................................................................... 104 Importing and Exporting Instances........................................................................................ 108 Prerequisites............................................................................................................. 109 Importing a VM into Amazon EC2................................................................................. 112 Exporting Amazon EC2 Instances................................................................................. 121 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................... 122 Instance Lifecycle ...................................................................................................................... 127 Instance Launch ................................................................................................................ 127 Instance Stop and Start (Amazon EBS-backed instances only).................................................. 128 Instance Reboot ................................................................................................................ 128 Instance Retirement ........................................................................................................... 128 Instance Termination .......................................................................................................... 129 Differences Between Reboot, Stop, and Terminate................................................................... 129 Launch............................................................................................................................. 130 Launching an Instance................................................................................................ 131 Launching an Instance From an Existing Instance............................................................ 136 Launching an Instance from a Backup........................................................................... 137 Launching an AWS Marketplace Instance....................................................................... 137 Connect ........................................................................................................................... 139 Prerequisites............................................................................................................. 139 Connecting to Windows............................................................................................... 139 Transfer Files to Windows Server Instances from Windows................................................ 141 Stop and Start................................................................................................................... 141 Overview .................................................................................................................. 142 Stopping and Starting Your Instances ............................................................................ 142 Modifying a Stopped Instance ...................................................................................... 143 Reboot............................................................................................................................. 144 Retire............................................................................................................................... 145 Identifying Instances Scheduled for Retirement............................................................... 145 Working with Instances Scheduled for Retirement............................................................ 146 Terminate ......................................................................................................................... 147 Instance Termination .................................................................................................. 147 Terminating an Instance.............................................................................................. 148 Enabling Termination Protection.................................................................................... 148 Changing the Shutdown Behavior................................................................................. 149 Preserving Amazon EBS Volumes on Instance Termination............................................... 150 Configure Instances ................................................................................................................... 153 Using EC2Config ............................................................................................................... 153 Overview of EC2Config Tasks ...................................................................................... 154 Ec2 Service Properties ............................................................................................... 155 EC2Config Settings Files............................................................................................. 160 Sending Logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs.................................................................... 163 Installing the Latest Version of EC2Config...................................................................... 167 Stopping, Deleting, or Uninstalling EC2Config................................................................. 168 Upgrading PV Drivers ......................................................................................................... 169 Xen Drivers............................................................................................................... 169 Upgrading PV Drivers on Your Windows Server 2008 and 2008 R2 Instances....................... 171 Upgrading Your Citrix Xen Guest Agent Service............................................................... 173 Upgrading PV Drivers on Your Windows Server 2003 Instance........................................... 174 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................... 175 Setting the Password.......................................................................................................... 178 Changing the Administrator Password After Connecting.................................................... 179 Resetting an Administrator Password that's Lost or Expired............................................... 179 Configuring a Secondary Private IP Address........................................................................... 183 API Version 2014-06-15 v Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Prerequisites............................................................................................................. 183 Step 1: Configure Static IP Addressing on Your Windows Instance ..................................... 183 Step 2: Configure a Secondary Private IP Address for Your Windows Instance ..................... 185 Step 3: Configure Applications to Use the Secondary Private IP Address............................. 186 Setting the Time................................................................................................................. 187 Changing the Time Zone............................................................................................. 187 Configuring Network Time Protocol (NTP)...................................................................... 188 Configuring Time Settings for Windows Server 2008 and later............................................ 188 Configuring Time Settings for Windows Server 2003........................................................ 189 Monitoring ................................................................................................................................ 190 Automated and Manual Monitoring........................................................................................ 191 Automated Monitoring Tools......................................................................................... 191 Manual Monitoring Tools.............................................................................................. 192 Best Practices for Monitoring................................................................................................ 193 Monitoring the Status of Your Instances.................................................................................. 193 Monitoring Instances with Status Checks ....................................................................... 193 Monitoring Events for Your Instances............................................................................. 198 Monitoring Your Instances with CloudWatch............................................................................ 201 Enabling or Disabling Detailed Monitoring on an Amazon EC2 Instance............................... 201 View Amazon EC2 Metrics .......................................................................................... 204 Get Statistics for Metrics ............................................................................................. 211 Graphing Metrics ....................................................................................................... 227 Create a CloudWatch Alarm......................................................................................... 231 Create Alarms That Stop or Terminate an Instance........................................................... 238 Monitoring Scripts for Amazon EC2 Instances......................................................................... 253 Amazon CloudWatch Monitoring Scripts for Windows....................................................... 253 Network and Security ................................................................................................................. 263 Key Pairs.......................................................................................................................... 264 Creating Your Key Pair Using Amazon EC2..................................................................... 264 Importing Your Own Key Pair to Amazon EC2.................................................................. 265 Retrieving the Public Key for Your Key Pair...................................................................... 267 Verifying Your Key Pair's Fingerprint .............................................................................. 267 Deleting Your Key Pair................................................................................................. 268 Security Groups................................................................................................................. 268 Security Groups for EC2-Classic................................................................................... 269 Security Groups for EC2-VPC...................................................................................... 269 Security Group Rules ................................................................................................. 269 Default Security Groups .............................................................................................. 270 Custom Security Groups ............................................................................................. 271 Creating a Security Group........................................................................................... 272 Describing Your Security Groups................................................................................... 272 Adding Rules to a Security Group................................................................................. 273 Deleting Rules from a Security Group............................................................................ 274 Deleting a Security Group............................................................................................ 274 API and Command Overview....................................................................................... 274 Controlling Access ............................................................................................................. 276 Network Access to Your Instance.................................................................................. 276 Amazon EC2 Permission Attributes............................................................................... 276 IAM and Amazon EC2 ................................................................................................ 276 IAM Policies .............................................................................................................. 278 IAM Roles................................................................................................................. 306 Network Access......................................................................................................... 312 Amazon VPC .................................................................................................................... 313 Benefits of Using a VPC.............................................................................................. 313 Differences Between EC2-Classic and EC2-VPC............................................................. 326 Amazon VPC Documentation....................................................................................... 315 Supported Platforms................................................................................................... 316 Migrating from EC2-Classic to a VPC............................................................................ 318 API Version 2014-06-15 vi Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Instance IP Addressing ....................................................................................................... 324 Private Addresses and Internal DNS Hostnames............................................................. 325 Public IP Addresses and External DNS Hostnames......................................................... 325 Differences Between EC2-Classic and EC2-VPC............................................................. 326 Determining Your Public, Private, and Elastic IP Addresses............................................... 327 Assigning a Public IP Address...................................................................................... 328 Multiple Private IP Addresses....................................................................................... 329 Elastic IP Addresses........................................................................................................... 333 Elastic IP Addresses in EC2-Classic.............................................................................. 334 Elastic IP Addresses in a VPC...................................................................................... 334 Differences Between EC2-Classic and EC2-VPC............................................................. 335 Allocating an Elastic IP Address ................................................................................... 335 Describing Your Elastic IP Addresses............................................................................. 336 Associating an Elastic IP Address with a Running Instance............................................... 336 Associating an Elastic IP Address with a Different Running Instance................................... 337 Releasing an Elastic IP Address................................................................................... 337 Using Reverse DNS for Email Applications..................................................................... 338 Elastic IP Address Limit .............................................................................................. 338 Elastic Network Interfaces ................................................................................................... 338 Private IP Addresses Per ENI Per Instance Type.............................................................. 339 Creating a Management Network.................................................................................. 341 Use Network and Security Appliances in Your VPC.......................................................... 341 Creating Dual-homed Instances with Workloads/Roles on Distinct Subnets.......................... 342 Create a Low Budget High Availability Solution................................................................ 342 Best Practices for Configuring Network Interfaces............................................................ 342 Creating a Network Interface........................................................................................ 342 Deleting a Network Interface........................................................................................ 343 Viewing Details about a Network Interface...................................................................... 343 Attaching a Network Interface When Launching an Instance.............................................. 344 Attaching a Network Interface to a Stopped or Running Instance........................................ 345 Detaching a Network Interface from an Instance.............................................................. 346 Changing the Security Group of a Network Interface........................................................ 346 Changing the Source/Destination Checking of a Network Interface..................................... 347 Associating an Elastic IP Address with a Network Interface............................................... 347 Disassociating an Elastic IP Address from a Network Interface........................................... 348 Changing Termination Behavior for a Network Interface.................................................... 348 Adding or Editing a Description for a Network Interface..................................................... 349 Adding or Editing Tags for a Network Interface................................................................ 349 Enabling Enhanced Networking............................................................................................ 350 Requirements............................................................................................................ 350 Testing Whether Enhanced Networking Is Enabled........................................................... 351 Enabling Enhanced Networking on Windows .................................................................. 352 Storage .................................................................................................................................... 354 Amazon EBS .................................................................................................................... 355 Features of Amazon EBS............................................................................................ 356 EBS Volumes ............................................................................................................ 357 EBS Snapshots ......................................................................................................... 385 EBS Encryption ......................................................................................................... 391 EBS Performance ...................................................................................................... 393 API and Command Overview....................................................................................... 405 Instance Store................................................................................................................... 407 Instance Storage Concepts ......................................................................................... 408 Instance Stores Available on Instance Types................................................................... 409 Instance Store Device Names...................................................................................... 410 Instance Store Usage Scenarios .................................................................................. 411 Adding Instance Store Volumes to an AMI...................................................................... 412 Amazon S3....................................................................................................................... 413 Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2...................................................................................... 413 API Version 2014-06-15 vii Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Block Device Mapping ........................................................................................................ 415 Block Device Mapping Concepts................................................................................... 415 AMI Block Device Mapping.......................................................................................... 418 Instance Block Device Mapping.................................................................................... 420 Using Public Data Sets ....................................................................................................... 425 Public Data Set Concepts............................................................................................ 425 Finding Public Data Sets............................................................................................. 425 Creating a Public Data Set Volume from a Snapshot........................................................ 426 Attaching and Mounting the Public Data Set Volume......................................................... 427 Resources and Tags................................................................................................................... 428 Resource Locations............................................................................................................ 428 Listing and Filtering Your Resources...................................................................................... 429 Advanced Search....................................................................................................... 430 Listing Resources Using the Console ............................................................................ 431 Filtering Resources Using the Console.......................................................................... 431 Listing and Filtering Using the CLI and API..................................................................... 432 Tagging Your Resources...................................................................................................... 433 Tag Basics................................................................................................................ 433 Tag Restrictions......................................................................................................... 434 Tagging Your Resources for Billing ................................................................................ 435 Working with Tags in the Console.................................................................................. 435 API and CLI Overview................................................................................................. 440 Service Limits.................................................................................................................... 440 Viewing Your Current Limits ......................................................................................... 441 Requesting a Limit Increase......................................................................................... 441 Usage Reports .................................................................................................................. 442 Available Reports....................................................................................................... 442 Getting Set Up for Usage Reports................................................................................. 442 Granting IAM Users Access to the Amazon EC2 Usage Reports........................................ 443 Instance Usage ......................................................................................................... 444 Reserved Instance Utilization....................................................................................... 448 AWS Management Pack.............................................................................................................. 454 Overview of AWS Management Pack for System Center 2012................................................... 455 Overview of AWS Management Pack for System Center 2007 R2............................................... 456 Downloading ..................................................................................................................... 457 Deploying ......................................................................................................................... 458 Step 1: Installing the AWS Management Pack................................................................. 458 Step 2: Configuring the Watcher Node........................................................................... 460 Step 3: Create an AWS Run As Account........................................................................ 460 Step 4: Run the Add Monitoring Wizard.......................................................................... 463 Using ............................................................................................................................... 467 Views....................................................................................................................... 467 Discoveries ............................................................................................................... 477 Monitors ................................................................................................................... 479 Rules ....................................................................................................................... 480 Events ..................................................................................................................... 483 Health Model............................................................................................................. 484 Customizing the AWS Management Pack....................................................................... 485 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................. 485 AWS Diagnostics for Microsoft Windows Server.............................................................................. 487 Analysis Rules................................................................................................................... 487 Analyzing the Current Instance............................................................................................. 488 Collecting Data From an Offline Instance................................................................................ 490 Data File Storage............................................................................................................... 490 Troubleshooting ......................................................................................................................... 492 No console output.............................................................................................................. 492 Instance terminates immediately........................................................................................... 493 "Password is not available" .................................................................................................. 493 API Version 2014-06-15 viii Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows "Password not available yet"................................................................................................. 494 "Cannot retrieve Windows password"..................................................................................... 494 "Waiting for the metadata service"......................................................................................... 494 Remote Desktop can't connect to the remote computer............................................................ 497 RDP displays a black screen instead of the desktop................................................................. 499 "Unable to activate Windows"............................................................................................... 500 "Windows is not genuine (0x80070005)" ................................................................................ 500 "No Terminal Server License Servers available to provide a license"............................................ 501 Instance loses network connectivity or scheduled tasks don't run when expected.......................... 501 Document History ...................................................................................................................... 502 AWS Glossary........................................................................................................................... 513 API Version 2014-06-15 ix Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Microsoft Windows Features of Amazon EC2 What Is Amazon EC2? Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) provides scalable computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud. Using Amazon EC2 eliminates your need to invest in hardware up front, so you can develop and deploy applications faster.You can use Amazon EC2 to launch as many or as few virtual servers as you need, configure security and networking, and manage storage. Amazon EC2 enables you to scale up or down to handle changes in requirements or spikes in popularity, reducing your need to forecast traffic. For more information about cloud computing, see What is Cloud Computing? Features of Amazon EC2 Amazon EC2 provides the following features: • Virtual computing environments, known as instances • Preconfigured templates for your instances, known as Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), that package the bits you need for your server (including the operating system and additional software) • Various configurations of CPU, memory, storage, and networking capacity for your instances, known as instance types • Secure login information for your instances using key pairs (AWS stores the public key, and you store the private key in a secure place) • Storage volumes for temporary data that's deleted when you stop or terminate your instance, known as instance store volumes • Persistent storage volumes for your data using Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS), known as Amazon EBS volumes • Multiple physical locations for your resources, such as instances and Amazon EBS volumes, known as regions and Availability Zones • A firewall that enables you to specify the protocols, ports, and source IP ranges that can reach your instances using security groups • Static IP addresses for dynamic cloud computing, known as Elastic IP addresses • Metadata, known as tags, that you can create and assign to your Amazon EC2 resources • Virtual networks you can create that are logically isolated from the rest of the AWS cloud, and that you can optionally connect to your own network, known as virtual private clouds (VPCs) For more information about the features of Amazon EC2, see the Amazon EC2 product page. API Version 2014-06-15 1

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