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Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance. Towards Zero Carbon Transportation PDF

782 Pages·2014·25.77 MB·English
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Alternative fuels and Advanced vehicle technologies for improved environmental performance Related titles: Self-piercing riveting (ISBN 978-1-84569-535-4) Tailor welded blanks for advanced manufacturing (ISBN 978-1-84569-704-4) Corrosion prevention of magnesium alloys (ISBN 978-0-85709-437-7) Woodhead publishing Series in energy: Number 57 Alternative fuels and Advanced vehicle technologies for improved environmental performance towards zero carbon transportation Edited by Richard Folkson amsterdam • boston • cambridge • heidelberg • london new york • oxford • paris • san diego san francisco • singapore • sydney • tokyo Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier Woodhead Publishing is an imprint of Elsevier 80 High Street, Sawston, Cambridge, CB22 3HJ, UK 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA Langford Lane, Kidlington, OX5 1GB, UK Copyright © 2014 Woodhead Publishing Limited. All rights reserved Exceptions to the above: Chapters 2 and 3: © 2014 R. J. Pearson and J. W. G. Turner. Chapter 4 was prepared by US Government employees; it is therefore in the public domain and cannot be copyrighted. Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: [email protected]. Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier website at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2014931601 ISBN 978-0-85709-522-0 (print) ISBN 978-0-85709-742-2 (online) For information on all Woodhead Publishing publications visit our website at http://store.elsevier.com/ Typeset by Replika Press Pvt Ltd, India Printed and bound in the United Kingdom contributor contact details (* = main contact) Editor and Chapter 1 Chapter 5 R. Folkson J. W. Sheffield and K. B. Martin Royal Academy of Engineering Formerly of Missouri University of Visiting Professor for Innovation Science and Technology and Design 1870 Miner Circle University of Hertfordshire Rolla, MO 65409, USA Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK R. Folkson* E-mail: [email protected] Royal Academy of Engineering Visiting Professor for Innovation and Design Chapters 2 and 3 University of Hertfordshire R. J. Pearson* and J. W. G. Turner Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK Department of Mechanical Engineering E-mail: [email protected] University of Bath Claverton Down Chapter 6 Bath BA2 7AY, UK K. Howard E-mail: [email protected]; Lubrizol Ltd [email protected] The Knowle Nether Lane Hazelwood DE56 4AN, UK Chapter 4 M. Mintz*, J. Han and A. Burnham E-mail: [email protected] Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Argonne, IL 60439, USA E-mail: [email protected] xvi contributor contact details Chapter 7 K. Mahkamov* and I. Makhkamova J. Bennett Faculty of Engineering and Afton Chemical Limited Environment London Road Northumbria University Bracknell RG12 2UW, UK Ellison Place Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, E-mail: John.Bennett@AftonChemical. UK com E-mail: khamid.mahkamov@ Chapter 8 northumbria.ac.uk J. D. Naber* and J. E. Johnson N. D. Chainov Mechanical Engineering – Department of Piston Engines Engineering Mechanics Bauman Moscow State Technical Department University Michigan Technological University Russia 815 R.L. Smith Building 1400 Townsend Drive Houghton, MI 49931, USA Chapter 12 S. N. Doğan*, G. Henning, T. E-mail: [email protected]; jenesbit@mtu. Gödecke, M. Sommer, K. edu Fronius, M. Krohn, J. Kiesel and J. Dorfschmid Chapters 9 and 10 Daimler AG HPC D670, Mercedesstr. 137 Q. Xin* and C. F. Pinzon 70327 Stuttgart, Germany CAE Analysis Navistar, Inc. E-mail: suereyya_nejat.dogan@daimler. 2601 Navistar Drive com Lisle, IL 60532, USA E-mail: [email protected]; Chapter 13 [email protected]; G. S. Daehn [email protected] Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chapter 11 The Ohio State University 2041 College Road-477 Watts Hall L. L. Myagkov Columbus, OH 43210, USA Department of Piston Engines Bauman Moscow State Technical E-mail: [email protected] University Russia contributor contact details xvii Chapter 14 A. Boretti* RMIT University M. Juhala School of Aerospace, Mechanical Department of Engineering Design and Manufacturing Engineering and Production Bundoora VIC 3083, Australia Aalto University Puumiehenkuja 5A Espoo Otaniemi E-mail: [email protected] P.O. Box 14300 00076 Aalto, Finland Chapter 18 E-mail: [email protected] T. Hofman Department of Mechanical Chapter 15 Engineering Eindhoven University of K. R. Pullen* and A. Dhand Technology School of Engineering and Den Dolech 2 Mathematical Sciences 5600 MB Eindhoven, The City University London Netherlands Northampton Square London EC1V 0HB, UK E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Chapter 19 Chapter 16 N. M. Johnson Ricardo Inc. Z. Filipi Detroit Technology Campus Clemson University 40000 Ricardo Drive International Center for Automotive Van Buren Township, MI 48111 Research USA 4 Research Drive, Room 337 Greenville, SC 29607-5257, USA E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Chapter 20 Chapter 17 M. Ehsani Power Electronics and Motor P. Tawadros and N. Zhang Drives Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and IT Department of Electrical and University of Technology, Sydney Computer Engineering 15 Broadway Texas A&M University Ultimo NSW 2204, Australia College Station, TX 77843, USA E-mail: [email protected]; E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] xviii contributor contact details Chapter 21 I. Staffell Imperial College Business School K. T. Chau Imperial College London International Research Centre for London SW7 2AZ, UK Electric Vehicles Department of Electrical and J. L. Shang Electronic Engineering PEMFC Research Group The University of Hong Kong Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Pokfulam Road Research Hong Kong, People’s Republic of School of Chemical Engineering China University of Birmingham Edgbaston E-mail: [email protected] Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Chapter 22 V. Molkov HySAFER Centre B. G. Pollet* University of Ulster HySA Systems Competence Centre Newtownabbey BT37 0NL, UK SAIAMC Innovation Centre Faculty of Natural Sciences University of the Western Cape Robert Sobukwe Road Private Bag X17 Bellville 7535, Cape Town, South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Woodhead publishing Series in energy 1 Generating power at high efficiency: Combined cycle technology for sustainable energy production Eric Jeffs 2 Advanced separation techniques for nuclear fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste treatment Edited by Kenneth L. Nash and Gregg J. Lumetta 3 Bioalcohol production: Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass Edited by Keith W. Waldron 4 Understanding and mitigating ageing in nuclear power plants: Materials and operational aspects of plant life management (PLiM) Edited by Philip G. Tipping 5 Advanced power plant materials, design and technology Edited by Dermot Roddy 6 Stand-alone and hybrid wind energy systems: Technology, energy storage and applications Edited by John K. Kaldellis 7 Biodiesel science and technology: From soil to oil Jan C. J. Bart, Natale Palmeri and Stefano Cavallaro 8 Developments and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO ) capture 2 and storage technology Volume 1: Carbon dioxide (CO ) capture, 2 transport and industrial applications Edited by M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer 9 Geological repository systems for safe disposal of spent nuclear fuels and radioactive waste Edited by Joonhong Ahn and Michael J. Apted xx Woodhead publishing Series in energy 10 Wind energy systems: Optimising design and construction for safe and reliable operation Edited by John D. Sørensen and Jens N. Sørensen 11 Solid oxide fuel cell technology: Principles, performance and operations Kevin Huang and John Bannister Goodenough 12 Handbook of advanced radioactive waste conditioning technologies Edited by Michael I. Ojovan 13 Membranes for clean and renewable power applications Edited by Annarosa Gugliuzza and Angelo Basile 14 Materials for energy efficiency and thermal comfort in buildings Edited by Matthew R. Hall 15 Handbook of biofuels production: Processes and technologies Edited by Rafael Luque, Juan Campelo and James Clark 16 Developments and innovation in carbon dioxide (CO ) capture and 2 storage technology Volume 2: Carbon dioxide (CO ) storage and 2 utilisation Edited by M. Mercedes Maroto-Valer 17 Oxy-fuel combustion for power generation and carbon dioxide (CO ) 2 capture Edited by Ligang Zheng 18 Small and micro combined heat and power (CHP) systems: Advanced design, performance, materials and applications Edited by Robert Beith 19 Advances in clean hydrocarbon fuel processing: Science and technology Edited by M. Rashid Khan 20 Modern gas turbine systems: High efficiency, low emission, fuel flexible power generation Edited by Peter Jansohn 21 Concentrating solar power technology: Principles, developments and applications Edited by Keith Lovegrove and Wes Stein 22 Nuclear corrosion science and engineering Edited by Damien Féron 23 Power plant life management and performance improvement Edited by John E. Oakey

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Most vehicles run on fossil fuels, and this presents a major emissions problem as demand for fuel continues to increase. Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies gives an overview of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environme
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