Table Of Content

Mariano Martín Editor Alternative Energy Sources and Technologies Process Design and Operation Alternative Energy Sources and Technologies í Mariano Mart n Editor Alternative Energy Sources and Technologies Process Design and Operation 123 Editor Mariano Martín Department ofChemical Engineering University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain ISBN978-3-319-28750-8 ISBN978-3-319-28752-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-28752-2 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016930057 ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2016 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinor foranyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAGSwitzerland Prologue In this book we aim to present the use of alternative sources of energy and tech- nologiesto produce fuels and power.We describe thevalue chain from harvesting the raw material (i.e solar, wind, biomass or shale gas), followed by the analysis of the processing steps into power, fuels and/or chemicals and finally the distribution of the products. We focus on the challenges of the supply, the variability of the source and its prediction, as well as the uncertainties related to it, the description of novel processes that are being developed and evaluated for their transformation, and the current results on the techno-economic analysis that are beingreportedintheliterature.Moreover,intermsoftheoperationofsuchsystems, energy distribution to the consumer and usage, and how we can integrate the new chemicals, fuels and power within the current system and infrastructure is evaluated. An example of the operation of a real renewable-based system, El Hierro island (Spain) is also discussed. The view of the book is given from the process perspective and how a process systemsapproachcanhelpintheuseandintegrationofthesesourcesofenergyand novel technologies. Ithankalltheauthorsforwithouttheireffortandcommitment,thisworkwould havenotbeenpossible.Specialthanksareduetothereviewersofthechapters,who have provided useful ideas and suggestions and a different perspective to the various topics covered in this work. Salamanca Mariano Martín November 2015 v Contents Part I Alternative Energy Sources Nonconventional Fossil Energy Sources: Shale Gas and Methane Hydrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Mariano Martín Renewable Energy Sector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Leandro Real, Esperanza Sierra and Alberto Almena Part II Infrastructure Design for Various Energy Sources Development Planning of Offshore Oilfield Infrastructure. . . . . . . . . . . 33 Vijay Gupta and Ignacio E. Grossmann Emerging Optimal Control Models and Solvers for Interconnected Natural Gas and Electricity Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Nai-Yuan Chiang and Victor M. Zavala Part III Processing of Alternatives Raw Materials Equation-Based Design, Integration, and Optimization of Oxycombustion Power Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Alexander W. Dowling, John P. Eason, Jinliang Ma, David C. Miller and Lorenz T. Biegler Wind Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Jason Ganley, Jie Zhang and Bri-Mathias Hodge Solar Energy as Source for Power and Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Lidia Martín, Borja Hernández and Mariano Martín Biomass as Source for Chemicals, Power, and Fuels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 Mariano Martín and Ignacio E. Grossmann vii viii Contents CO Carbon Capture, Storage, and Uses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 2 Miguel Ángel Delgado and Fabrice Del Corso Optimal Design of Macroscopic Water and Energy Networks. . . . . . . . 267 Ramón González-Bravo, Fabricio Nápoles-Rivera and José María Ponce-Ortega Part IV Operations Retrofit of Total Site Heat Exchanger Networks by Mathematical Programming Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Lidija Čuček and Zdravko Kravanja Improving Energy Efficiency in Batch Plants Through Direct Heat Integration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 Pedro M. Castro Life Cycle Algal Biorefinery Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Jian Gong and Fengqi You Planning and Scheduling for Industrial Demand Side Management: Advances and Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Qi Zhang and Ignacio E. Grossmann Industrial Tools and Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 Iiro Harjunkoski and Hubert Hadera Renewable-Based Self-sustainable Operation of Isolated Islands . . . . . . 439 María Cristina Rodríguez-Rivero Part V Energy Distribution Multi-objective Optimisation Incorporating Life Cycle Assessment. A Case Study of Biofuels Supply Chain Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 María Augusta Páez, Fernando D. Mele and Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez Large-Scale Stochastic Mixed-Integer Programming Algorithms for Power Generation Scheduling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 Kibaek Kim and Victor M. Zavala Contributors Alberto Almena Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Lorenz T. Biegler Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Pedro M. Castro Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Matemática Aplicações Fundamentais e Investigação Operacional, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Nai-Yuan Chiang Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Argonne, USA Fabrice Del Corso Air Liquide, Jouy en Josas Cedex, France Lidija Čuček Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia Miguel Ángel Delgado Fundación Ciudad de la Energia, Cubillos del Sil (León), Spain Alexander W. Dowling Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA John P. Eason Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Jason Ganley Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA Jian Gong Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Ramón González-Bravo Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico Ignacio E. Grossmann Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ix x Contributors Vijay Gupta Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Hubert Hadera BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany Iiro Harjunkoski ABB Corporate Research, Ladenburg, Germany Borja Hernández Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Bri-Mathias Hodge Power Systems Engineering Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA Kibaek Kim Argonne National Laboratory, Mathematics and Computer Science Division, Lemont, IL, USA Zdravko Kravanja Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia Jinliang Ma AECOM & National Energy Technology Laboratory, Morgantown, WV, USA Lidia Martín Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain MarianoMartín DepartmentofChemicalEngineering,UniversityofSalamanca, Salamanca, Spain Fernando D. Mele Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina David C. Miller National Energy Technology Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Fabricio Nápoles-Rivera Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico José María Ponce-Ortega Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico María Augusta Páez School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Leandro Real Energy Efficiency Department Director (KPMG—Inabensa (Abengoa)), Sevilla, Spain María Cristina Rodríguez-Rivero Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Esperanza Sierra Energy Efficiency Department Director (KPMG—Inabensa (Abengoa)), Sevilla, Spain Fengqi You Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA Contributors xi Victor M. Zavala Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA JieZhang DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofTexasatDallas, Richardson, TX, USA Qi Zhang Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA