Alcohol, Cell Membranes, and Signal Transduction in Brain PDF
Preview Alcohol, Cell Membranes, and Signal Transduction in Brain
Alcohol, Cell Membranes, and Signal Transduction in Brain Alcohol, Cell Membranes, and Signal Transduction in Brain Edited by Christer Alling University of Lund Lund, Sweden Ivan Diamond The Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center University of California San Francisco, California Steven W. Leslie The University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas Grace Y. Sun University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri and W. Gibson Wood Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Minnesota School of Medicine Minneapolis, Minnesota Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Librar y of Congress Catalog1ng-1n-Publ1catIo n Dat a Alcohol, cel l membranes, and signa l transductio n i n brai n / edite d by Chr iste r AI 1ing .. . [et a 1.]. p. cm . "Proceedings of th e Marcus Wallenberg Symposium on Alcohol , Cel l Membrane,s and Signal Tansductio n i n Brian, hel d June 28-Jul y 1 , 1993, 1 n Lund, Sweden"—Copr. p. Includes bibliographica l reference s and Index . ISBN 978-1-4613-6052-0 ISBN 978-1-4615-2470-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-2470-0 1. Alcohol—Physiologica l effect—Congresses . 2 . Brain—Effec t of drugs on—Congresses . 3 . Neurochem1stry—Congresses. 4 . Cell membranes—Congresse.s 5 . Cellula r signa l transduction—Congresses . I. Alling , Christer . II . Marcus Wallenberg Symposium on Alcohol , Cell Membranes, and Signal Transductio n 1n Brai n (199 3 : Lund, Swede)n QP801.A3A472 199 3 615'. 7828—d c20 93-2359 3 CIP r93 Proceedings of the Marcus Wallenberg Symposium on Alcohol, Cell Membranes, adn Signal Transduction in Brain, held June 28-July 1, 1993, in Lund, Sweden ISBN 978-1-4613-6052-0 ©1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1993 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher This book is dedicated to Dora B. Goldstein, M.D., Professor of Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, whose pioneering work on how alcohol acts on brain membranes was a major contribution and stimulus to understanding the cellular mechanisms involved in intoxication and tolerance. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This book is based in part on the Marcus Wallenberg Symposium entitled "Alcohol, Cell Membranes, and Signal Transduction in Brain" held in Lund, Sweden, June 28 -July 1, 1992. The major sponsor of the symposium was the Marcus Wallenberg Foundation for International Scientific Exchange. Cosponsors were the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, USA, and the Swedish Medical Research Council. Additional support was provided by Bristol-Myers AB, Ciba-Geigy AB, Janssen Pharma AB, Kabi-Pharmacia Diagnostics Sverige AB, Labdesign AB and Scandinavian Diagnostic Services. A special note of appreciation is extended to the Local Organizing Committee (Lena Gustavsson, Christer Larsson, Christofer Lundqvist and F. David Rodriguez) and the conference secretaries (Helena Elding and Marie Elmer) for their administrative and technical support that contributed significantly to the overall success of the symposium. vii PREFACE Alcohol abuse and alcoholism are international problems whose costs economical ly, psychologically and medically have been well documented. Alcohol is a unique drug in that the effects of excessive use can have a deleterious effect on most if not all organs of the body. The brain is one of the organs most affected by excessive alcohol consumption. Effects on the brain can be seen in cognitive function, brain structure and neurochemistry. Over the past few years, there have been significant advances made in understanding how alcohol affects brain neurochemistry. This book examines four major areas, i. e., membrane lipids, receptors and ion channels, second messengers, and gene expression, where significant advancements have been made. The book is divided into four sections based on the four major areas. In each section, data are examined that cover a range of approaches from in vitro to in vivo studies. The section on membrane lipids includes recent developments in how ethanol affects membrane cholesterol domains, polyunsaturated fatty acids, the cause and consequences of phosphatidylethanol formation, and the modulation of membrane protein function by lipid-protein interaction. The second section comprises chapters on NMDA and 5-HT3 receptors, including new aspects on alcohol neurotoxicity and the molecular heterogeneity that may underlie differences in alcohol sensitivity as well as chapters on GABA-gated chloride flux, and calcium channels. The third section on second messengers includes chapters on ethanol effects on nucleoside transport and the induction of heterologous desensitization, G-proteins, phospholipases generating second messengers, and discussions on the selectivity of ethanol actions at different levels of the signal transduction. Chapters in the fourth section on gene expression describe the regulation of neuronal gene transcription by ethanol and the effects of acute and chronic administration of ethanol on c-jos expression. Alcohol has a Ubiquitous effect on the neurochemistry of the brain. It is clear that no single approach or system can explain alcohol-induced phenomena such as intoxication, tolerance, and dependence. Ethanol seems to be able to induce sequential ix effects or parallel effects as well as direct effects on defined molecules in the cellular machinery. Some systems may be more affected by acute alcohol than others and chronic effects of alcohol include changes in gene expression. The organization of the book follows the effects of ethanol from actions on membrane lipids, ion channels and receptors, followed by effects on signal transduc tion and intracellular proteins to the regulation of the genes. It is our hope that this volume will stimulate new ideas and approaches to the understanding of the actions of such a simple molecule as ethanol on nerve cells and integrated brain function. Christer Alling W. Gibson Wood x CONTENTS I. LIPID STRUCTURE, DOMAINS AND PROTEINS Molecular Mechanisms of Ethanol and Anesthetic Actions: Lipid- and 1 Protein-Based Theories Christopher D. Stubbs and Emanuel Rubin Membrane Cholesterol and Ethanol: Domains, Kinetics, and Protein 13 Function W. Gibson Wood, A. Muralikrishna Rao, Friedheim Schroeder, and Urule /gbavboa The Effects of Ethanol on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Composition 33 Norman Salem, Jr. and Glenn Ward Relevant Effects of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Synaptic 47 Membrane Responses to Ethanol and Chronic Alcohol Intoxication Franroise J. Beauge Chronic Ethanol Treatment Increases the Incorporation of [14C]-Serine 55 into Phosphatidylserine in Neuroblastoma x Glioma Cells F. David Rodriguez, Christer Alling, and Lena Gustavsson Ethanol-Induced Changes in Signal Transduction via Formation of 63 Phosphatidylethanol Lena Gustavsson, Christofer Lundqvist, Elisabeth Hansson, F. David Rodriguez, Per Simonsson, and Christer Alling Phosphatidylethanol Effects on Inositoll,4,S-Trisphosphate Levels and 75 Protein Kinase C Activity in NGl08-IS Cells Christofer Lundqvist, Christer Larsson, Christer Alling, and Lena Gustavsson Multiple Actions of Ethanol on Acetylcholine Receptors 83 Keith W. Miller ll. RECEPTORS AND ION CHANNELS Sensitivity of NMDA Receptors to Acute and in Utero Ethanol Exposure 97 Steven W. Leslie and Melanie S. Weaver xi Neurotransmitter-Gated Ion Channels as Molecular Sites of Alcohol Action 107 Forrest F. Weight, Robert W. Peoples, Jerry M. Wright, Chaoying Li, Luis G. Aguayo, David M. Lovinger, and Geoffrey White Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol Neurotoxicity 123 Fulton T. Crews, Hunter Newsom, Mark Gerber, Colin Sumners, L. Judson Chandler, and Gerhard Freund Molecular Properties of an NMDA Receptor Complex and Effects of 139 Ethanol on the Expression of this Complex Elias K. Michaelis, Mary L. Michaelis, and Keshava N. Kumar In Vivo Studies of Ethanol Interactions with N-Methyl-D-Asparatate 151 Systems in Rat Brain Lynn C. Roper and Rueben A. Gonzales Actions of Alcohols and Other Sedative/Hypnotic Compounds on Cation 157 Channels Associated with Glutamate and 5-HT3 Receptors David M. Lovinger and Robert W. Peoples Mechanisms That Mediate Ethanol-Induced Increases in Dihydropyridine- 169 Sensitive Calcium Channels Robert O. Messing Alcohol: Effects on GABA Receptor Function and Gene Expression 175 A Molina C. Mhatre and Maharaj K. Ticku Control of Alcoholism by Treatment with SKV, a Herbal Drug Mixture 185 from India V. Nachiappan, K.R. Shanmugasundaram, and S.1. Mufti m. SECOND MESSENGER SYSTEMS AND KINASES Nucleoside Transport and Ethanol-Induced Heterologous Desensitization 195 Adrienne Gordon, Mohan K. Sapru, Sharon W. Krauss, and Ivan Diamond Effects of Acute and Chronic Ethanol Administration on the Poly- 205 Phosphoinositide Signaling Activity in Brain Grace Y. Sun, Jian-ping Zhang, and Tai-An Lin Ethanol and Phospholipid Dependent Signal Transduction: The View from 219 the Liver Jan B. Hoek, Tomoyuki Nomura, and Katsuyoshi Higashi Phospholipase C coupled G-Proteins: Molecular Targets of Ethanol 235 Per Simonsson, F. David Rodriguez, Christer Larsson, Niklas Loman, and Christer Alling Selective Effects of Ethanol on Neuropeptide-Mediated 245 Polyphosphoinositide Hydrolysis and Calcium Mobilization Thomas L. Smith xii The Muscarinic Receptor-Stimulated Phosphoinositide Metabolism as a 255 Potential Target for the Neurotoxicity of Ethanol during Brain Development Walter Balduini, Flaminio Cattabeni, Filippo Reno, and Lucio G. Costa Effects of Ethanol on Receptor-Mediated Phospholipase D Activity in 265 Human Neuroblastoma Cells Marfa del Carmen Boyano-Adanez and Lena Gustavsson Ethanol and Cell Tyrosine Kinase 273 Shivendra D. Shukla, Cindy Y. Zhu, Ilsa l. Rovira, and Archie W. Thurston, Jr. IV. GENE EXPRESSION Regulation of Neuronal Gene Transcription by Ethanol 283 Michael F. Miles, Gregory Gayer, and Michael Sganga Super-Induction of c-jos-like Protein in Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin 299 Cells Associated with Ethanol Withdrawal Ouahiba Bouchenafa and John Littleton Effect of Acute and Chronic Administration of Ethanol on c-jos 305 Expression in Brain Fei Le, Peter Wilce, David Burne, and Brian Shanley Index 317 xiii
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