Advances in software science and technology : 4th issue 1992 of Advances : an annual journal published by JSSST ; ed. Teruo Hikita. vol. 4

208 Pages·12.63 MB·English

by  Teruo Hikita

JAPAN SOCIETY FOR SOFTWARE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
World Trade Center Building 7F, 2-4-1 Hamamatsu-cho
Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105 Japan
Executive Editors for This Volume
Teruo Hikita, Meiji University, Chief Executive Editor
Takeshi Chusho, Hitachi Ltd.
Hiroyasu Kakuda, University of Electro-Communications
Yasushi Kuno, University of Tsukuba
Yoshio Ohno, Keio University
Hideki Sunahara, University of Electro-Communications
Jiro Tanaka, Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd.
Yoshikazu Yamamoto, Keio University
Nagatsugu Yamanouchi, IBM Research, Tokyo Research Laboratory
Editorial Board
Masato Takeichi, University of Tokyo, Editor-in-Chief
Tsuneo Ajisaka, Kyoto University
Takeshi Chusho, Hitachi Ltd.
Ken-ichi Hagihara, Osaka University
Masami Hagiya, University of Tokyo
Koiti Hasida, Electrotechnical Laboratory
Teruo Hikita, Meiji University
Hiroyasu Kakuda, University of Electro-Communications
Yahiko Kambayashi, Kyoto University
Tsutomu Kamimura, IBM Research, Tokyo Research Laboratory
Yasushi Kuno, University of Tsukuba
Toshio Miyachi, NEC Corporation
Ikuo Nakata, University of Tsukuba
Yoshio Ohno, Keio University
Ko Sakai, University of Tsukuba
Masahiko Sato, Tohoku University
Masaaki Shimasaki, Kyushu University
Hideki Sunahara, University of Electro-Communications
Akihiko Takano, Hitachi Ltd.
Akikazu Takeuchi, Sony Computer Science Laboratory Inc.
Katsumi Tanaka, Kobe University
Jiro Tanaka, Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd.
Satoru Tomura, Electrotechnical Laboratory
Kazunori Ueda, NEC Corporation
Yoshikazu Yamamoto, Keio University
Nagatsugu Yamanouchi, IBM Research, Tokyo Research Laboratory
Hiroto Yasuura, Kyushu University
Yasuhiko Yokote, Sony Computer Science Laboratory Inc.
Naoki Yonezaki, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Taiichi Yuasa, Toyohashi University of Technology
ADVANCES IN SOFTWARE SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
VOLUME 4
JAPAN SOCIETY FOR SOFTWARE SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
Hajcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers
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Co-published for
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Contributors
Numbers in parentheses refer to the pages on which the authors' contribution
begin.
Tatsuya Hagino (111), Faculty of Environmental Information, Keio University,
Endoh, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252 Japan
Yasuo Kawahara (137), Research Institute of Fundamental Information Science,
Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812 Japan
Yasushi Kuno (163), Graduate School of Systems Management, University of
Tsukuba, Orsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112 Japan
Yoshihiro Matsumoto (21), Department of Information Science, Kyoto University,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606 Japan
Fumio Mizoguchi (63), Department of Industrial Adminstration, Science
University of Tokyo, Nöda, Chiba, 278 Japan
Yoshihiro Mizoguchi (137), Department of Control Engineering and Science,
Kyushu Institute of Technology, lizuka, 820 Japan
Ikuo Nakata (87), Institute of Information Sciences and Electronicsm University
of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan
Hayata Ohwada (63), Department of Industrial Adminstration, Science University
of Tokyo, Nöda, Chiba, 278 Japan
Masaaki Shimasaki (1), Computer Center, Kyusyu University, Higashi-ku,
Fukuoka, 812 Japan
Mitomichi Toyama (43), Department of Adminstration Engineering, Keio
University, Yokohama, 223 Japan
Hideki Tsuiki (151), Faculty of Environmental Information, Keio University,
Endoh, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252 Japan
Yoshiyuki Yamashita (87), Computer Centre, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo, 113 Japan
Editor's Message
Masato Takeichi
Editor-in-Chief
This is the fourth issue of Advances in Software Science and Technology, an
annual journal published by the Japan Society for Software Science and Technology
(JSSST). The Society was founded in 1983 as a professional society dedicated to
the advancement of the science and technology of computer software.
Unparalleled progress in hardware technology has been a driving force in mod­
ern computer technology. It has dramatically improved the performance and reli­
ability, increased the level of complexity and sophistication, and created numerous
new applications for computer systems. Progress in software technology, on the
other hand, has been much more conservative. By and large, the volume and the
quality of current software production depend on the skills and dedicated crafts­
manship of programmers. With ever-increasing demands for software production,
our ability to build and use computer systems is now limited mainly by our ability
to produce software.
Advancing software technology requires active research efforts toward scientific
understanding of software systems, organized efforts to improve the current practice
of software production, and drastic improvement of software education and training
ideas and experience.
The society has published a domestic bimonthly journal, Computer Software,
since 1984. This contains original technical contributions that are refereed by the
normal scientific review process. In addition, it contains survey papers, tutorials,
conference reports, and miscellaneous articles. The journal covers a broad range of
computer software. Topics featured in recent issues include algorithms, theory of
programs, programming languages and methodology, operating systems, computer
architecture, software engineering, artificial intelligence, and natural language pro­
cessing.
Advances in Software Science and Technology is the second journal published by
the JSSST. It is an annual publication with the same scope as Computer Software,
and is intended to give international exposure to the activities of JSSST and to
promote the exchange of ideas and information among professionals and the public
worldwide. Each issue of the journal contains original technical contributions as
well as contributions that have appeared in previous issues of Computer Software
in Japanese. The JSSST forms a special editorial committee for each issue of this
together with those of Computer Software.
In addition to ordinary papers, this issue contains two survey papers on two
very active research fields in Japan: compiling techniques for vector processors and
software factory. Japan is probably noted for its advances in these fields, and each
paper should give a good account of recent activities in Japan.
ix
χ Advances in Software Science and Technology 4, 1993
The JSSST is currently exploring other possibilities of increasing international
activities by the society, and has decided to suspend the publication of this journal
after the publication of the next issue. The society, however, is well into the editing
process of the next issue to be published in the fall of 1993. Like all previous issues,
the next issue will contain various research and survey papers that will represent
good examples of research activities in Japan.
CONTENTS OF PREVIOUS VOLUMES
V O L U ME 1
Research Contributions
JPSG—A Phrase Structure Grammar for Japanese
Yasunaxi Haxada, Takao Gunji, Hideo Miyoshi, Hidetosi Sirai
and Koiti Easida 1
Logical Semantics of Multiple World Mechanism for Knowledge
Representation in Logic Programming
Hideyuki Nakashima 17
Adaptive Optimal Segmentation Schemes for Multiattribute Files
Yuzuru Tanaka 29
Methods for Transforming Attribute Grammars into Efficient
Action Routines
Takehiro Tokuda 55
Program Transformation of CCFG Programs
Ikuo Nakata and Yoshiyuki Yamashita 71
Attribute Graph Grammars with AppUcations to Hichart Program
Chart Editors
Tetsuro Nishino 89
A Type Inference System for FP Programs
Junhui Luo and Takuya Katayama 105
Overview of GMW+Wnn System
Masami Eagiya, Takashi Eattori, Akitoshi Morishima,
Reiji Nakajima^ Naoyuki JViide, Takashi Sakuragawa^ Takashi Suzuki,
Eideki Tsuiki and Taiichi Yuasa 133
Floating-Point Numbers and Real Numbers
Eiroshi Eoriguchi 157
Tutorial
Category Theory for Algebraic Specification
Susumu Eayashi 169
On Concurrent Programming in Smalltalk-80
Norihisa Doi and Kiyoshi Segawa 187
xi
Advances in Software Science and Technology 4, 1993
V O L U ME 2
Research Contributions
Attachment of a First-Order Data Constructor and Its Application
Hiroyuki Sato 1
A Smoothing Algorithm of Polygonal Curves and Polyhedral Surfaces
YoshioOhno 13
A Technique for Prolog Program Synthesis from Natural Language
Specification
KuniksLZU Fujii, Kuniaki Uehara and Jun 'ichi Toyoda 49
Processing Left Extraposition in a Bottom-Up Parsing System
Satosbi Kinoshita and Hozumi Tanaka 65
On Learning SmuUyan's Elementary Formal Systems: Towards an Efficient
Learning Method for Context-Sensitive Languages
Yasubumi Sakakibara 83
A Data Model in the Software Project Database KyotoDB
Yoshihiro Matsumoto and Tsuneo Ajisaka 107
Hamada Floating-Point Numbers and Real Numbers
Hiroshi Horiguchi, Tsutomu Tayama and Kazuaki Kajitori 129
An Efficient Multiple String Replacing Algorithm Using Patterns
with Pictures
Masayuki Takeda 137
KamuiSS: A Parallel Computation Model with Fields and Events
Shin-ya Watanabe, Yasunori Harada, Kazufumi Mitani
and Eiichi Miyamoto 159
Tutorial
Formation and Development of the Concept of Algorithm
Ken Hirose 183
Software Critique
WEB System and Its Processor
Tsunetoshi Hayashi 203
Contents of Previous Volumes
V O L U ME 3
Research Contributions
Prototyping a System of Writing Tools for Japanese Documents
Kazuo Ushijima, Junji Hinami, Jeehee Yoon and Toshihisa Takagi 1
Attribute Grammar Evaluation System for Natural-Language Processing
Naoyoshi Tamura, Shin Takakura and Takuya Kafcayama 13
An Object-Oriented Implementation of TCP/IP Network Protocols
Ken-ichiro Murakami 37
RACCO: A Modal-Logic Programming Language for Writing Models
of Real-Time Process-Control Systems
Takashi Hattori, Reiji Nakajima, Takashi Sakuragawa, Naoyuki Niide and
Kazuki TakenaJca 53
Formalizing Computer Program Traces
Shigeki Goto 71
Regular Expressions with Semantic Rules and Their Application
to Data Structure Directed Programs
Ikuo Nakata and Masataka Sassa 93
Misty - An Object-Oriented Programming Language with Multiple Inheritance
and Strict Type Checking
Yasushi Kuno 109
The Semantics of an Object-Oriented Concurrent Programming Language:
Process Algebraic Approach
Yutaka hhikawa, Satoru Tomura and Kokichi Futatsugi 127
Floating-Point Numbers and Real Numbers II
Hiroshi Eoriguchi and Tsutomu Tayama 151
Constraint Dependency Grammar and its Weak Generative Capacity
Hiroshi Maruyama 157
Compiling Techniques for Supercomputers
Masaaki Shimasaki
Summary. Although the architecture of Japanese supercomputers is
of the CRAY-1 type, important architectural features have been added
to improve their performance, and these have a significant influence
on the software. After giving a brief historical survey of programming
languages for vector/parallel computers in Japan, we describe compiling
techniques for supercomputers in Japan.
1 Introduction
Owing to the great success of the CRAY-1 [1] and also to the ever-increasing de­
mand for large-scale scientific and engineering computation, several series of super­
computers have been developed (as shown in Figure 1) and much more attention
has recently been paid to high-performance computers and their applications.
The CRAY-1 attained an epoch-making level of performance in its era and
showed the effectiveness of arithmetic pipeline architecture. Present-day super­
computers, although they follow the basic arithmetic pipeline architecture, have
their own characteristics in terms of computer architecture. It is important to
investigate these differences in architectural features not only from the viewpoint
of the hardware design itself but also from that of software systems. In Section
2, we discuss the characteristics of the architecture of Japanese supercomputers
and their influence on software systems, especially compilers. In Section 3, we give
a brief historical survey of programming languages for vector/parallel computers
in Japan. Technical items for vectorizing compilers are summarized in Section 4.
In Section 5, we describe compiling techniques for supercomputers, with particular
emphasis on dependence analysis and vectorization. In Section 6, we give a descrip­
tion of compiling techniques for vector macro operations and ftrst-order recurrence
relations.
2 Characteristics of Japanese Supercomputer Architecture and
Their Influence on Software
The CRAY-1 computer was a very special high-performance computer in its era.
It was installed at specific sites, such as the national laboratories in the U. S. Α.,
but not at ordinary universities in the U. S. A. and Japan, because its price was
high. In the 1980s, however, the demand for large-scale scientiflc and engineering
computation increased further, and Hitachi, Fujitsu, and NEC developed their own
vector supercomputers [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. It should be noted that the motivation
behind these designs has been to characterize these companies' high-performance
computers as extensions of their own main frame computers, which are accessible
Copyright (£) 1993 by Academic Press, Inc. and
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ISBN 0-12-037104-9