Advances in Landscape Architecture

935 Pages·2013·101.228 MB·English

by  Murat Ozyavuz

ADVANCES IN LANDSCAPE
ARCHITECTURE

Edited by Murat Özyavuz
Advances in Landscape Architecture
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51738
Edited by Murat Özyavuz

Contributors
Murat Özyavuz, A. Esra Cengiz, José Manuel Pagés Madrigal, Murat Akten, Aybike Ayfer
Karadağ, Reyhan Erdogan, Umut Pekin Timur, Nurgül Konaklı Arısoy, Aydın Özdemir, Gökçen
Firdevs Yücel, Mehmet Kıvanç Ak, Habibe Acar, Filiz Çelik, Banu Ozturk Kurtaslan, Robert
Brzuszek, Elif Ebru Sisman, Aysel Uslu, Nasim Shakouri, Rute Sousa Matos, Desidério Sales
Batista, Murat Z. Memluk, Y.A. Aina, A. Al-Naser, S.B. Garba, Bülent Cengiz, Özgür Burhan
Timur, Elif Karaca, Aylin Salici, Ercan Gökyer, Canan Cengiz, Mehmet Cetin, Yasar Bahri Ergen,
Mustafa Ergen, Isil Kaymaz, Engin Eroğlu, Cengiz Acar, İbrahim Turna, Tuğba Kiper, Gülhan
Benli, Nazan Kuter, Aslı B. Korkut, Ayten Özyavuz, Zuhal Dilaver, Candan Kus Sahin

Published by InTech
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Copyright © 2013 InTech
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Notice
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and
not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy
of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for
any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials,
instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.

Publishing Process Manager Marina Jozipovic
Typesetting InTech Prepress, Novi Sad
Cover InTech Design Team

First published June, 2013
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Advances in Landscape Architecture, Edited by Murat Özyavuz
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-1167-2

Contents

Preface XI
Section 1 Landscape Planning 1
Chapter 1 Inventory and Analysis of the Landscape 3
Murat Özyavuz
Chapter 2 Impacts of Improper Land Uses in Cities on the Natural
Environment and Ecological Landscape Planning 19
A. Esra Cengiz
Chapter 3 Architectures on Territories ‒
Methodologies for the Graphical Representation 53
José Manuel Pagés Madrigal
Chapter 4 Possibility to Employ AHP as a Multi-Criteria Decision
Making Method in Landscape Planning Initiatives 87
Murat Akten
Chapter 5 Use of Watersheds Boundariesin
the Landscape Planning 105
Aybike Ayfer Karadağ
Chapter 6 Stakeholder Involvement
in Sustainable Watershed Management 131
Reyhan Erdogan
Chapter 7 Urban Waterfront Regenerations 169
Umut Pekin Timur
Section 2 Landscape Design 207
Chapter 8 Eco-Revelatory Design 209
Nurgül Konaklı Arısoy
VI Contents

Chapter 9 Designing Landscapes for Child Health 227
Aydın Özdemir
Chapter 10 Integrating Ecosytem Landscapes in Cityscape:
Birds and Butterflies 263
Gökçen Firdevs Yücel
Chapter 11 Visual Quality Assessment Methods
in Landscape Architecture Studies 279
Mehmet Kıvanç Ak
Chapter 12 Landscape Design for Children
and Their Environments in Urban Context 291
Habibe Acar
Chapter 13 Ecological Landscape Design 325
Filiz Çelik
Chapter 14 Crosby Arboretum (Picayune, Mississippi):
A Natural World for All 351
Banu Ozturk Kurtaslan and Robert Brzuszek
Chapter 15 Hospital Outdoor Landscape Design 381
Gökçen Firdevs Yücel
Section 3 Urban Landscape 399
Chapter 16 Pedestrian Zones 401
Elif Ebru Sisman
Chapter 17 Urban Landscape Design and Biodiversity 427
Aysel Uslu and Nasim Shakouri
Chapter 18 Urban Agriculture: The Allotment Gardens
as Structures of Urban Sustainability 457
Rute Sousa Matos and Desidério Sales Batista
Chapter 19 Designing Urban Squares 513
Murat Z. Memluk
Chapter 20 Towards an Integrative Theory Approach to Sustainable
Urban Design in Saudi Arabia: The Value of GeoDesign 531
Y.A. Aina, A. Al-Naser and S.B. Garba
Chapter 21 Urban River Landscapes 551
Bülent Cengiz
Contents VII

Chapter 22 Vertical Gardens 587
Özgür Burhan Timur and Elif Karaca
Chapter 23 Street Furniture and Amenities:
Designing the User-Oriented Urban Landscape 623
Gökçen Firdevs Yücel
Chapter 24 Greenways as a Sustainable
Urban Planning Strategy 645
Aylin Salici
Section 4 Landscape Ecology 661
Chapter 25 Understanding Landscape Structure
Using Landscape Metrics 663
Ercan Gökyer
Chapter 26 Urban Ecology 677
Canan Cengiz
Chapter 27 Landscape Engineering, Protecting Soil,
and Runoff Storm Water 697
Mehmet Cetin
Section 5 Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing 723
Chapter 28 Application of Geographical Information
System to the Analysis of Urban Green Areas
in Urban Development Plans
– A Case Study of Zonguldak, Turkey 725
Yasar Bahri Ergen and Mustafa Ergen
Section 6 Socio-Cultural Landscape 737
Chapter 29 Urban Landscapes and Identity 739
Isil Kaymaz
Chapter 30 Homegardens in Landscape Architecture –
A Case Study of Hazelnut Plantations 761
Engin Eroğlu, Cengiz Acar and İbrahim Turna
Chapter 31 Role of Ecotourism in Sustainable Development 773
Tuğba Kiper
Chapter 32 The Use of Courtyards and Open Areas
in the Ottoman Period in İstanbul 803
Gülhan Benli
VIII Contents

Section 7 Landscape Restoration 821
Chapter 33 Reclamation of Degraded Landscapes
due to Opencast Mining 823
Nazan Kuter
Section 8 Biodiversity and Plant Material 859
Chapter 34 Native Vegetation 861
Murat Özyavuz, Aslı B. Korkut and Ayten Özyavuz
Chapter 35 Conservation of Natural Plants
and Their Use in Landscape Architecture 885
Zuhal Dilaver
Chapter 36 Lawns and Ground Covers in Landscape Design 905
Candan Kus Sahin

Preface

The purpose of this book, is to reveal the landscape planning and design in recent
years. For this purpose, chapters were selected on the topics of different landscape
architecture study. Landscape architecture is the design of outdoor and public spaces
to achieve environmental, socio-behavioral, and/or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the
systematic investigation of existing social, ecological, and geological conditions and
processes in the landscape, and the design of interventions that will produce the
desired outcome. The scope of the profession includes: urban design; site planning;
town or urban planning; environmental restoration; parks and recreation planning;
visual resource management; green infrastructure planning and provision; and private
estate and residence landscape master planning and design - all at varying scales of
design, planning and management. Landscape planning is the key planning
instrument for nature conservation and landscape management. Apart from the
landscape plans at the local level, i.e. municipal level, there are landscape structure
plans (Landschaftsrahmenplane) at the district or planning region level
(Regierungsbezirk, Landkreis, Planungsregion) and the regional landscape program
(Landschaftsprogramm) for an entire regional state (Land). The local landscape plans
(Artliche Landschaftsplane) are based on the specifications contained in the regional
landscape program and the landscape structure plans. At all levels landscape planning
makes an important long-term contribution to the conservation of natural resources. It
not only addresses the narrower areas of particularly valuable protected sites, but also
devises strategies for full-coverage, sustainable conservation and the long-term
development of nature and landscapes.
This book is for landscape architects; theoretical foundations, theories, methods, and
applications will be essential parts of this reference book. In addition, this book
addresses several very different subjects of study: landscape planning, landscape
engineering, biodiversity, landscape restoration, landscape design, and urban design
related to theory, practice and the results will be covered. Due to the varied usage of
the term Landscape Architecture, the intended readership for this book is a broad
audience including environmentalists, landscape architects, architects,
environmentalists, botanists, urban and regional planners, government agencies, non-
governmental organizations, agricultural organizations, students at all levels, research
organizations, international organizations and all interested parties.
XII Preface

I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to all the authors
for their valuable contributions and also to the researchers who actually performed
experiments and reported their findings. I must confess that it had been a rare
privilege for me to be associated with InTech publisher. Thanks is the least word to
offer to Ms. Marina Jozipovic, InTech's Publishing Process Manager, yet I shall avail
this opportunity to extend my sincere gratitude for her help and co-operation at
various phases of book publication. Last but not least I express my sincere thanks and
affection to my wife Ayten Özyavuz and my daughter Ayza Özyavuz for their
patience and cheerful. I hope this book will be beneficial to the scientific world.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Murat Özyavuz
Namık Kemal University
Faculty of Fine Arts, Design and Architecture
Department of Landscape Architecture
Tekirdag
Turkey