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Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering T.  G. Sitharam Ravi S. Jakka Sreevalsa Kolathayar   Editors Advances in Earthquake Geotechnics Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering Series Editors Sheng-Hong Chen, School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Marco di Prisco, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy Ioannis Vayas, Institute of Steel Structures, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering (STCE) publishes the latest developments in Civil Engineering - quickly, informally and in top quality. The series scope includes monographs, professional books, graduate textbooks and edited volumes, as well as outstanding PhD theses. Its goal is to cover all the main branches of civil engineering, both theoretical and applied, including: • Construction and Structural Mechanics • Building Materials • Concrete, Steel and Timber Structures • Geotechnical Engineering • Earthquake Engineering • Coastal Engineering; Ocean and Offshore Engineering • Hydraulics, Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering • Environmental Engineering and Sustainability • Structural Health and Monitoring • Surveying and Geographical Information Systems • Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) • Transportation and Traffic • Risk Analysis • Safety and Security Indexed by Scopus To submit a proposal or request further information, please contact: Pierpaolo Riva at [email protected] (Europe and Americas) Wayne Hu at [email protected] (China) · · T. G. Sitharam Ravi S. Jakka Sreevalsa Kolathayar Editors Advances in Earthquake Geotechnics Editors T. G. Sitharam Ravi S. Jakka Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Department of Earthquake Engineering Guwahati, Assam, India Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India Sreevalsa Kolathayar Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal, Karnataka, India ISSN 2366-259X ISSN 2366-2603 (electronic) Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering ISBN 978-981-19-3329-5 ISBN 978-981-19-3330-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3330-1 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Preface This book volume contains the state-of-the-art contributions from invited speakers of the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earth- quake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, 2021 (7ICRAGEE). This book serves as 2nd keynote volume of 7ICRAGEE. 1st Keynote volume titled ‘Latest Developments in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics’ has been published in Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering in the year 2021. We thank all the staff of Springer for their full support and cooperation at all the stages of the publication of this book. We do hope that this book will be benefi- cial to students, researchers and professionals working in the field of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The comments and suggestions from the readers and users of this book are most welcome. Guwahati, India T. G. Sitharam Roorkee, India Ravi S. Jakka Surathkal, India Sreevalsa Kolathayar v Acknowledgements We (editors) thank all the invited speakers of 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, 2021 (7ICRAGEE), who have contributed articles to this book. We could bring this volume out in time only due to the invited authors’ timely contribution and cooperation. The editors also thank and acknowledge the service of the anonymous reviewers for their valuable time and efforts. vii Contents Risks and Vulnerabilities in the Design, Construction, and Operation of Offshore Wind Turbine Farms in Seismic Areas ...... 1 Subhamoy Bhattacharya, Domenico Lombardi, Athul Prabhakaran, Harsh K. Mistry, Surya Biswal, Muhammad Aleem, Sadra Amani, Ganga Prakhya, Sachin Jindal, Joshua Macabuag, and Zhijian Qiu Numerical Modelling of Basin Effects on Earthquake Ground Motions in Kutch Basin ............................................ 29 A. Boominathan and R. Vijaya Controlled Ground-Borne Vibrations for Design of Sub-structural Systems—Theory and Practice ..................................... 45 Deepankar Choudhury, Milind Patil, and Ritwik Nandi Geotechnical, Geological and Geophysical Investigations for Seismic Microzonation and Site-Specific Earthquake Hazard Analysis in Gujarat ................................................ 73 B. K. Rastogi, Kapil Mohan, B. Sairam, A. P. Singh, and Vasu Pancholi Seismic Analysis of Pile Foundations Using an Integrated Approach .... 93 Pradeep Kumar Dammala and A. Murali Krishna Numerical Modeling of Liquefaction ................................ 113 Sunita Kumari and V. A. Sawant Region Specific Consideration for GMPE Development, Representative Seismic Hazard Estimation and Rock Design Spectrum for Himalayan Region .................................... 131 P. Anbazhagan and Ketan Bajaj Seismic Response of Shallow Foundations on Reinforced Sand Bed ..... 163 Monu Lal Burnwal and Prishati Raychowdhury ix x Contents Seismic Performance Evaluation of Concrete Gravity Dam on Rock Foundation System with Shear Zone ........................ 177 Bappaditya Manna, Arnab Sur, Amalendu Gope, and Debtanu Seth Visualization of Liquefaction in Soils with PWP Measurements by Tapping ........................................................ 187 Chandan Ghosh and Supratim Bhowmik An Experimental Study on Soil Spring Stiffness of Vibrating Bases on Polypropylene Fibre-Reinforced Fine Sand ........................ 201 C. N. V. Satyanarayana Reddy and M. Nagalakshmi Guidelines for Minimization of Uncertainties and Estimation of a Reliable Shear Wave Velocity Profile Using MASW Testing: A State-of-the-Art Review .......................................... 211 Ravi S. Jakka, Aniket Desai, and Sebastiano Foti About the Editors Prof.T.G.Sitharam is Director of Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, since July 2019. He is a member of the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Established through an Act of Parliament: SERB Act 2008, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. He is Senior Professor in the Depart- ment of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, and served IISc for more than 27 years. He was Chairman of the Board of Governors at IIT Guwahati during 2019–2020 for more than a year. He was the former Chairman, Research Council, CSIR-CBRI (Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee). He is holding the position of Director (additional charge) of Central Institute of Tech- nology, Kokrajhar, Assam (A Deemed to be University), since May 2021. Over the last 35 years, he has carried out research and development in the area of geotechnical and infrastructure engineering, seismic microzonation and soil dynamics, geotech- nical earthquake engineering and has developed innovative technologies in the area of earth sciences, leading to about 500 technical papers, 20 books with Google scholar H-index of 47 and I-10 index 137 with more than 7175 citations. He has guided 40 Ph.D. students and 35 Master’s Students. He was listed in the world’s top 2% of scientists for the most-cited research scientists in various disciplines by Stanford University in 2020. Again his name appeared in the top 2% of scientists IN Elsevier by Stanford University in 2021. His broad area of research falls into Geotechnical Infrastructure engineering, earth sciences, hydrology, seismology, and natural hazards. He has carried out seismic microzonation of many urban centers in India, and he is an authority on seismic microzonation and site effects. Presently, he is the President of the Indian Society of Earthquake Technology, and he was the chairman of the 7th International conference on recent advances in geotechnical earthquake engineering and soil dynamics held in July 2021. He is the chief editor of the International Journal of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, (IJGEE), PA, USA since 2010. He is Editor-in-chief, Springer Transactions in Civil and Envi- ronmental Engg series, Book Series, Singapore. He is Fellow of ASCE, Fellow of xi

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