Adobe Photoshop CS for Photographers. A professional image editor's guide to the creative use of Photoshop for the Macintosh and PC

560 Pages·2004·123.879 MB·English

by  Martin Evening (Auth.)

In memory ofmy mother Marjorie Evening
FocalPress
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Linacre House,Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP
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First published2004
Reprinted 2004,2005
Copyright© 2004,Martin Evening.All rights reserved
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Foreword
Foreword
D
espiteits name, Photoshop hasnot always beenawelcome
companion amongstthe photographyset.Muchas
assemblyline automationwasseenasthedeath knell for
craftsmenand craftsmanship,atvarious times,Photoshop
was seenasathreatagainstthe skilled photographer.However,a
change has recentlytaken place.Fueledprimarilybytheadventof
digitalSLRswith professional featuresoffered at non-professional
prices,theconfluence ofPhotoshop and photography,particularly
digital photography,has becomeacertainty.Photoshop is now accepted
asapowerful toolinthe photographer'sarsenal.
But whatare veteran shootersand thosedigital photographersnewly
minted tomake ofthisbravenew world?Howcanyourwealth of
darkroomexperience be broughttobear on acomputerscreenand a
mouse?Willthe sterile environmentoftechnologyreplace the
comforting messand sickly-sweetchemicalsmellsoffixerand
developer?Most importantly,how will you and yourphotography
benefit fromthe new opportunitiesofferedby Photoshop in itslatest
incarnation,PhotoshopCS?
Whetheryouare along-time traditional film photographer, a newcomer
to the 'tradigital'world, or aweekend snapshotter,thisbook has
somethingtooffer.From the broad coverageofthe 'Photoshopways'of
performingtraditional film and darkroom techniquesto new techniques
onlypossible usingPhotoshop,Martin takesyouthere and teaches
everythingstepbystep.This isn'tanother 'recipe' book thatignores
yourskilledeye and assumes allyouwanttodo ispasteyourheadona
supermodel'sbody.(Ofcourse, Photoshopcan do that,but ifthatis
yourgoal, thisisnot thebookforyou.)
Martin understandsthe photographer'scraftisn'talways about the
creativeandartistic sideoflife.Restassured, Martincoversthe full
spectrum ofphotographictasks.Important aspectsofthe workflow of
the film photographermoving todigital-scanning andimagecapture
usuallyignored inmostotherbooks arecovered in-depth. Martinalso
xix
Foreword
tackles the usually mundane issue ofimage managementwithin
Photoshop CS, showinghow the PhotoshopCS File Browsercan move
you well beyondjusta 'digitalshoebox'.
Viewing Photoshopthrough theeyes ofan experiencedphotographer
takes specializedtalent and skills.Inthis book, Martin effectively
shares his experienceandexpertise both on photography andPhotoshop
inathoroughand balancedpresentation.While this book is also an
excellentgeneralPhotoshopreference,the focus here isalways on
photography.
Photoshopcan bedaunting,photographyeven more so.Tohave
someoneexpertlyversed inboth, presentinghis knowledgehere ina
cleanand clearmanner, isareal treat.
Marc Pawliger
DirectorofEngineering,Digital Imaging
Adobe Systems
xx
Preface
Preface
W
e have all heardtheexpression 'apicture is worth a
thousand words'.And thisisas true now today as it
haseverbeen.The information-rich world we live inis
awash with photographsthat are used inall sorts of
ways: tocommunicate,educate,sellthings,torememberspecialevents
by,orsimply 'tocreate'.EversinceI first took an interest in
photographyI have alwayswanted todiscoverandunderstand as much
asI couldaboutthe photographic processso thatI could perfect my
craftand become a more creative photographer.Forme,learninghow
to use Photoshoprepresents an importantcontinuationofthat learning
process.Makingthe transition from shooting film toshootingdigitally
hasbeenan interestingexperience.As someone who gotinvolved with
digital imagingin theearly days,I haveendured many frustrations with
equipmentand software.ButPhotoshop hasprovedtobe anessential
tool,withoutwhich,thedigital imaging industry we know todayjust
wouldn'tbe thesame.
Letme make aconfession- I don't actuallyknow a whole lot about
computers.I am abusy,professional studio photographerand running
the photographybusiness takesup mostofmyday. So I study
Photoshop and write these books mostly inmyspare time.And maybe
that isone ofthe reasons whythisseries ofPhotoshop bookshas
become sosuccessful,because like you, I too had to learn allthisstuff
fromscratch.I make no grandiose claims to have writtenthe bestbook
everonthe SUbject.I simply writefrom personalexperience and aimto
offer,you the reader,adetailed and comprehensive manualon the
subjectofdigital photography and Photoshop,written by somebody
who hashad firsthandphotographicexperience.
Thiseditionhas been thoroughly revised toensure that you are
provided withan updated accountofeverythingthat is new in
PhotoshopCS aswellas containing all the latestinformationondigital
capture and print output.The book's format has also beencompletely
redesigned.Thechapters are ordered toprovidean introduction to allof
Photoshop's features plushow toconfigureyoursystem and then goes
straight into lookingat basic imageadjustments and colorcorrections.
xxi
Preface
Acknowledgments PhotoshopforPhotographerswebsite
ImustfirstthankAndreaBrunoofAdobeEuropeforher There isawebsitesetuptopromotethis
suggestionthatIwriteabookabout Photoshopaimedat bookwhereyoucanfind activelinks
photographersandthankyoutoallatFocalPress:Marie mentioned inthebookandlate-breaking
Hooper,JenniferRidout,ChristinaDonaldson,BethHoward, newsonPhotoshopCS:
MargaretDenley,DebbieClarkandJaneRead.Noneofthis <www.photoshopforphotographers.com>
wouldhavegotstartedwithoutthefounding workofAdam
WoolfittandMikeLayewhohelpedformtheDigital AbouttheCDRDM
ImagingGroup(DIG)forumforUKdigitalphotographers. TheCDthatcomeswiththisbookcontains
Theproductionofthisbookwasdonewiththehelpof movieversionsofmanyofthestep-by
GwilymJohnston,whocompiledandauthoredtheCD-ROM steptechniquesshowninthisbook.Itis
andRodWynne-Powell,whoreviewedthefmalmanuscript designedtorunonMacintoshandPC
andprovidedanenormousamountofhelpwithtechnical systemsandonlyrequiresyoutoinstall
adviceandassistanceandJasonSimmons,whocameupwith QuickTimeonyourcomputerinorderto
thenewbooklayouttemplateandwhodesignedthecover.I viewthem.Ifyoushouldexperienceany
alsoreceivedalotofhelpfrommyassistants:LisaTebbutt problemsrunningthedisk, pleasealways
andMattWreford.Imustgiveaspecialmentiontofellow refertotheFAQsectiononthediskoron
PhotoshopalphatesterJeffScheweforallhisguidanceand thewebsiteaboveforguidanceonhowto
helpovertheyears,nottomentiontheothermembersofthe configureyourcomputerforoptimum
'pixelmafia': KatrinEismann,BruceFraser,SethResnick, viewing.
AndrewRodneyandMikeSkurski. Inthepastalotofreadershave
Manythankstootothefollowingclients,companiesand requestedaccesstotheimagesthatare
individuals:AdobeSystemsInc,AnitaCox,NeilBarstow, featured inthisbook.Manyofthepictures
Bookings,SteveBroback,RussellBrown,SteveCaplin, areindeednowavailableontheCDforyou
Clipso,JeremyCope,ChrisCox,LaurieEvans,TomFahey, toexperimentwithandcanalsobe
FMmodels,KarenGauthier,JonGibson-Skinner,GregGorman, downloadedfromthewebsite.Butplease
GretagMacbeth,NickHaddon,MarkHamburg,Leon realizethatsomeofthe photographsin
Herbert,PeterHince,ThomasHolm,Isis,EdHorwich,John thisbookdonothavethenecessary
Knack,Imacon,ThomasKnoll,RickyLiversidge,Thomas clearancetobemadegenerallyavailable.
McMillan,MacUserUK,M&PModels,BobMarchant,Ian Forexample,somebelongtoother
McKinnell,ModelsOne,MOTmodels,Nevs,Marc photographers.Soalthoughtherearequite
Pawliger,Pix!,Profile,HerbPaynter,RedorDead Ltd, Eric afewpicturesyoucanplaywith,youwon't
Richmond,SchwarzkopfLtd, MichaelSmiley,The beabletoaccesseveryphotographyou
SmithsonianInstitution,SusanneSturton,MartinSoan, seeinthisbook.
Storm,Tresemme,RussellWilliams,MarkWilliford,What
DigitalCameraandYUsalon.Andlastly,thankstofriends
andfamily.Mylatemotherforallherloveandencouragement
andwhowasalwayssosupportiveandproudofmysuccess.
MartinEvening, November2003
xxii
Chapter 1
What's New in
Adobe Photoshop CS
P cs
hotoshop offers a wealthoffeaturesthat
willtruly be ofbenefitto photographers
everywhere.Inthis first chapterIam going to
give a you aquick run throughallthe new
majorfeatures thatwill be ofinteresttophotographers.If
you are aMacintoshuser PhotoshopCS will only run using
Mac OS X 10.2.4 orlater(102.6or 103is recommended),
and only aG3,G4 or G5computer. Ifyou are using aPC,
you will need to use Windows 2000 (withServicepack 2)
or WindowsXP operatingsystemsrunningon an Intel
Pentiumclass IIIor 4 processor.
1
Martin Evening
Adobe PhotoshopCSfor Photographers
...
Custom Keyboard Shortcuts
For some time now,justaboutevery keyboardcombination
shortcutinPhotoshophasbeen exhausted.Furthermore,
the keyboardsinsome countriesdifferquite significantly
Ic=-O
from the standard USEnglish keyboarddesign,sometimes
,"--- I
missing keyssuchasthetilde (-)onthecomputer
,- - - - -,
.:.:.:.:.:_"=...==~.,.=.==""-"".::.::::= keyboard.Inthepast,because ofthese restrictions,not all
v
_-~-_.-._-
language usersareable to make thefull useoftheprogram.
And not everyonehasthe samepriorities andobjectives
when using Photoshop.With theKeyboard Shortcuts
Figure1.1TheKeyboardShortcutsdialog.
editingdialog,youcan now decide which keyboard
shortcutsyou wanttousetocallspecificPhotoshopactions
Editingmetadata and savethese ascustomshortcutsets.
Certainmetadatainformationiseditable
withintheFileBrowser,soyoucaneditthe File Browserand Camera Raw
FileInfotextentries,addkeywordsand
The first thing youwill notice aboutthe File Browseris
conductmetadataorkeywordsearches,all
that it isnolonger adockable palette.The File Browser is
fromwithinthebrowserinterface.Anedit
openedandclosed byclicking abuttonontheToolOptions
historylogcanbekeptasyoueditan
bar.The File Browseroperatingspeed isnoticeablyfaster
image.Thiscanbesavedwithinthe
inMacintoshOS X 10.2and the CameraRaw plug-in is
metadataorasaseparatelogfile.
fullyintegrated,including updatesfor the latestraw camera
file formats.Manyexisting customers will havealready
Quickfolderaccess purchasedtheCameraRaw plug-infor Photoshop 7.0.And
YoucangettheFileBrowsertotargetona to mymind,this isoneofthe mostuseful productivity
folderbydraggingthefolderfromtheMac plug-insforPhotoshop that haseverbeen built. Using
asxFinderorfromtheWindowsExplorer Camera Raw is like injecting rocketfuel into yourdigital
tothe FileBrowserPreviewpane. capture work flow,because itenablesyou toshootraw
captureswith yourdigital cameraand processthedata in
Photoshopatamuch fasterspeedcomparedtothe software
supplied with most oftoday'sdigital cameras.The knock
ImprovedMacOSXperformance oneffectoftheCameraRaw plug-inhasmade ahuge
WhenApplereleasedtheMacasx10.2 difference tothe wayphotographersareableto process
update(codename:Jaguar),anumberof their capture files and makefull use ofthehighqualityofa
MacOSXusersexperiencedterrible rawfilecomparedtoshooting inIPEG mode.
crashingprobiemswhenusingtheFile The imagefilemanagement inthe File Browser has
Browser.Initiallytheproblemwasfixed been improved. Images can be flagged and thisprovides a
withafreeplug-inpatchforPhotosnop nice simple wayinwhich todesignate the picturesyou like
7.0,butnowPhotoshopCSrunsmore best. Using theThumbnail Viewoptions,you canthen hide
smoothlyandfasterinMacasx10.2. all unflaggedimages,makingiteasiertoconducttheimage
2
Chapter1
What's New In Adobe PhotoshopCS
__
._
0'..0.0. ..... Figure1.2Thelayoutofthenewimproved

FileBrowsercaneasilybecustomizedtosuitthe
..-..v,..,.- ."-_---_' .- wayyouwork.Thepanesonthelefthandside
canberearrangedanywayyoulikeandthe
...
previewpanecanbescaledtodisplayla'ller,
---
renderedpreviews.Acustomsizecanbesetfor
theThumbnailswhichmakesitpossibleto
compareimagesside·by-sidemoreeasily.
;..-...:=:-- - - - - - - -.'1 •.=;;:;...
,-
,- -
' :='-
JJJ -"c<.-.-.--_'.. -•_____
.1<--- - ''-
e-__'llk ~1"'''''_IiIll..'''''''_ Figure1.3TheCameraRawplug-inenabies
youtoprocessrawcamerafileimagesandopen
themdirect~inPhotoshop.Therevisedintertace
alsocontainsextracontrolsforadvancedusers,
providinggreatercontrolovertheimagecolor
andtheabilitytosuppressnoiseandother
camerafileartifacts.
_._ -
...
----_._
-
.......
Backwardcompatibilityoptions
Youcansavefileswiththe'Maximize
selectionprocess.Foldernavigation is made easiertoo.The BackwardCompatibility'optionsetto
folder menu allows youtoquicklyaccess recentlyvisited NeverintheGeneralPhotoshop
folders and assign favorite folders.The File Browserhasits preferencesandnotkeepbeingbuggedby
own menu whichamongotherthings,allows youto run awarningdialogeverytimeyoucometo
automationroutines within the Browserinterface directly. savealayeredimage.
3
Martin Evening
Adobe PhotoshopCSfor Photographers
6 6 6 II-?br.un.uIO12.S1IotRCSI16) Extended 16 Bit support
TheCameraRaw plug-in takes full advantageofthe fact
that most digital cameras are capableofcapturing agreater
Figure 1.4 PhotoshopCSprovidesextended tonal depth than 8-bits per channel.And many
featuresforimagesin16-bitperchannelmode.
photographers preferto scan theiroriginalsusing 16-bits
Thebitdepthisalwaysindicatedinthedocument
per channel mode.Overthe years,the numberof
windQINstatus/titlebar.
Photoshopfeatures that will work in 16-bit mode have
increased.Now for the first time, you can use tools such as
the brush tool and history brush in 16-bit. Even more
importantly,you can add imageandadjustment layersas
well.The imagebitdepthisalways indicatedinthetitlebar
justafterthecolormode.Forexannple,thedocumentstatus
titlebarmayshow:CMYKl8or RGBI16.
e 0 Live Histogram palette
The new Histogrampalette provides alive histogramofthe
imageor the active selectioncontents.This isespecially
useful ifyou wish to view graphical feedbackoftheLevels
histogrannwhen makingany type ofimage adjustment(not
justLevels),such as when making aCurves adjustment.
TheHistogrannpalette can display the compositechannel
information along with anexpanded view ofthe individual
Mun 121.11
Sldo.... 61,14 colorchannels,or aluminosityhistogram(as used tobe
M.d...... 151
.....1. '01"'0 displayedinthe Image menu Histogram).This latter mode
ispreferablefor accurateimage assessment.And lastly, a
Figure 1.5 TheHistogrampalette.
colorhistogrambar mode,like the one you seeinthe
CanneraRaw dialog.
Interface changes
...M_._
'w-·_'_.. The firstthing you will see when launching Photoshop CS
·~·
~"-_...--,- is the Welcome screen.Use this to access the latest
-..
<".''-'--~,_".-~"_, ._""'--, informationaboutwhat isnew inthe program,learn about
hot new tipsand access the latestPhotoshoptutorials
tD-......<-
.
whichare availableon-line.
- -,-,...0:.-.
~ -,.
\) _ ._ _ oo_o. The canvasareahas been extended.Ifyou are using
one ofthe full screen viewingmodes,you can scroll the
image beyond the limits ofthe documentbounds.This is
Figure 1.6 ThePhotoshopCSWelcome particularly useful ifyou are viewingalarge image atan
splashscreen.
Actual Pixelsdisplayview but the Photoshoppalettesare
4