Adhesive Particle Flows

362 Pages·2014·7.923 MB·English

by  Marshall J.S., Li S.

Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
ADHESIVE PARTICLE FLOW
ADiscrete-ElementApproach
AdhesiveParticleFlow:ADiscrete-ElementApproachoffersacompre-
hensivetreatmentofadhesiveparticleflowsattheparticlelevel.This
book adopts a particle-level approach oriented toward directly sim-
ulating the various fluid, electric field, collision, and adhesion forces
andtorquesactingontheparticles,withintheframeworkofadiscrete-
elementmodel.
Itisidealforprofessionalsandgraduatestudentsworkinginengi-
neeringandatmosphericandcondensedmatterphysics,materialssci-
ence, environmental science, and other disciplines where particulate
flowshaveasignificantrole.Thepresentationisapplicabletoawide
range of flow fields, including aerosols, colloids, fluidized beds, and
granularflows.
Itdescribesbothphysicalmodelsofthevariousforcesandtorques
ontheparticlesaswellaspracticalaspectsnecessaryforefficientimple-
mentationofthesemodelsinacomputationalframework.
JeffreyS.MarshallisaProfessorintheSchoolofEngineeringatthe
University of Vermont. He is a Fellow of the American Society of
MechanicalEngineers.HeobtainedaPh.D.inMechanicalEngineering
fromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Dr.Marshalltaughtatthe
UniversityofIowafrom1993to2006,andwasChairoftheMechanical
andIndustrialEngineeringDepartmentChairfrom2001to2005.He
is a recipient of the ASME Henry Hess Award and the U.S. Army
Research Office Young Investigator Award. He has authored more
than95journalarticlesandbookchaptersandonetextbook,Inviscid
IncompressibleFlow(2001).
ShuiqingLiisaProfessorintheDepartmentofThermalEngineering
atTsinghuaUniversity.HeobtainedaPh.D.inEngineeringThermo-
physicsfromZhejiangUniversity.HewasavisitingscholarattheUni-
versityofLeedsin2004–2005,attheUniversityofIowain2006,andat
PrincetonUniversityin2010–2011.Dr.LiisarecipientoftheNational
Award for New Century Excellent Talents (2009) and the Tsinghua
UniversityAwardforYoungTalentsonFundamentalStudies(2011).
HesharedaChineseNationalTeachingAwardonCombustionThe-
ory. He has been awarded five fundamental grants from the Natural
ScienceFoundationofChinaandhasauthoredmorethan40journal
articles.
i
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
ii
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
Adhesive Particle Flow
A DISCRETE-ELEMENT APPROACH
Jeffrey S. Marshall
UniversityofVermont
Shuiqing Li
TsinghuaUniversity
iii
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USA
CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge.
ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof
education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence.
www.cambridge.org
Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107032071
(cid:2)C JeffreyS.Marshall,ShuiqingLi2014
Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten
permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2014
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
Marshall,JeffreyS.(JeffreyScott),1961–
Adhesiveparticleflow:adiscrete-elementapproach/JeffreyS.Marshall,
ShuiqingLi,UniversityofVermont,TsinghuaUniversity.
pages cm
Includesbibliographicalreferences.
ISBN978-1-107-03207-1(hardback)
1.Granularflow. 2.Adhesion. 3.Discreteelementmethod. I.Li,Shuiqing,
1975– II.Title.
TA357.5.G47M37 2014
620.1(cid:3)06–dc23 2013040678
ISBN978-1-107-03207-1Hardback
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof
URLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication
anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain,
accurateorappropriate.
iv
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
ToMarilynandYun,
andtoJodie,Eric,Emily,Paul,Jonathan,andZelin
v
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
vi
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
Contents
Preface pagexiii
Acknowledgments xvii
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. AdhesiveParticleFlow 1
1.2. DimensionlessParametersandRelatedSimplifications 5
1.2.1. StokesNumber 5
1.2.2. DensityRatio 7
1.2.3. LengthScaleRatios 8
1.2.4. ParticleReynoldsNumber 10
1.2.5 ParticleConcentrationandMassLoading 11
1.2.6. BagnoldNumber 14
1.2.7. AdhesionParameter 15
1.3. Applications 15
1.3.1. FibrousFiltrationProcesses 15
1.3.2. ExtraterrestrialDustFouling 18
1.3.3. WetGranularMaterial 21
1.3.4. BloodFlow 23
1.3.5. AerosolReactionEngineering 25
2. ModelingViewpointsandApproaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
2.1. AQuestionofScale 29
2.2. MacroscaleParticleMethods 30
2.2.1. DiscreteParcelMethod 30
2.2.2. PopulationBalanceMethod 32
2.3. MesoscaleParticleMethods 34
2.3.1. MolecularDynamics 36
2.3.2. BrownianDynamics 37
2.3.3. DissipativeParticleDynamics 38
2.3.4. DiscreteElementMethod 40
2.4. MicroscaleDynamicsofElastohydrodynamicParticle
Collisions 41
vii
Trim:7in×10in Top:0.375in Gutter:0.875in
CUUS2101-FM CUUS2101/Marshall&Li ISBN:9781107032071 December26,2013 7:33
viii Contents
2.4.1. MicroscaleSimulationsofElastohydrodynamic
Interactions 42
2.4.2. ExperimentalResultsforTwo-ParticleCollisions 44
2.4.3. SimplifiedModelsforRestitutionCoefficientina
ViscousFluid 46
3. ContactMechanicswithoutAdhesion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.1. BasicConcepts 51
3.2. HertzTheory:NormalElasticForce 54
3.2.1. Derivation 55
3.2.2. Two-ParticleCollision 56
3.3. NormalDissipationForce 58
3.3.1. PhysicalMechanisms 58
3.3.2. ModelsforSolid-PhaseDissipationForce 61
3.4. HystereticModelsforNormalContactwithPlastic
Deformation 66
3.5. SlidingandTwistingResistance 69
3.5.1. PhysicalMechanismsofSlidingandTwistingResistance 69
3.5.2. SlidingResistanceModel 72
3.5.3. TwistingResistanceModel 73
3.6. RollingResistance 74
3.6.1. RollingVelocity 74
3.6.2. PhysicalMechanismofRollingResistance 77
3.6.3. ModelforRollingResistance 78
4. ContactMechanicswithAdhesionForces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4.1. BasicConceptsandtheSurfaceEnergyDensity 82
4.2. ContactMechanicswithvanderWaalsForce 86
4.2.1. ModelsforNormalContactForce 86
4.2.2 NormalDissipationForceandItsValidation 96
4.2.3. EffectofAdhesiononSlidingandTwistingResistance 98
4.2.4. EffectofAdhesiononRollingResistance 99
4.3. ElectricalDouble-LayerForce 100
4.3.1. SternandDiffuseLayers 101
4.3.2. IonicShieldingofChargedParticles 102
4.3.3. DLVOTheory 103
4.4. ProteinBinding 107
4.5. LiquidBridgingAdhesion 111
4.5.1. CapillaryForce 111
4.5.2. EffectofRoughnessonCapillaryCohesion 116
4.5.3. ViscousForce 117
4.5.4. RuptureDistance 118
4.5.5. CapillaryTorqueonaRollingParticle 118
4.6. SinteringForce 120
4.6.1. SinteringRegimeMap 121
4.6.2. ApproximateSinteringModels 123
4.6.3. HystereticSinteringContactModel 124